Deorbiter CubeSat mission design

This paper presents the mission design for a CubeSat-based active debris removal approach intended for transferring sizable debris objects from low-Earth orbit to a deorbit altitude of 100 km. The mission consists of a mothership spacecraft that carries and deploys several debris-removing nanosatellites, called Deorbiter CubeSats. Each Deorbiter is designed based on the utilization of an eight-unit CubeSat form factor and commercially-available components with significant flight heritage. The mothership spacecraft delivers Deorbiter CubeSats to the vicinity of a predetermined target debris, through performing a long-range rendezvous maneuver. Through a formation flying maneuver, the mothership then performs in-situ measurements of debris shape and orbital state. Upon release from the mothership, each Deorbiter CubeSat proceeds to performing a rendezvous and attachment maneuver with a debris object. Once attached to the debris, the CubeSat performs a detumbling maneuver, by which the residual angular momentum of the CubeSat-debris system is dumped using Deorbiter’s onboard reaction wheels. After stabilizing the attitude motion of the combined Deorbiter-debris system, the CubeSat proceeds to performing a deorbiting maneuver, i.e., reducing system’s altitude so much so that the bodies disintegrate and burn up due to atmospheric drag, typically at around 100 km above the Earth surface. The attitude and orbital maneuvers that are planned for the mission are described, both for the mothership and Deorbiter CubeSat. The performance of each spacecraft during their operations is investigated, using the actual performance specifications of the onboard components. The viability of the proposed debris removal approach is discussed in light of the results.     

飞机附件的维修间隔决策

研究了飞机附件软时限的设定和管理方法,该方法可将附件的故障发生机率和运行风险控制在可接受水平,减少航空公司因机务原因的延误,提高飞机可利用率。     

造型细节和离地间隙对轿车气动性能的影响

应用FLUENT软件,分别对汽车造型的不同处理方法、发动机安放位置、离地间隙、发动机舱冷却风的排出模式进行气动性能仿真.结果表明:汽车造型的处理方法中以加车轮对气动性能影响最大,发动机存在最佳的安放位置,不同的离地间隙对仿真结果影响很大,选择发动机舱冷却风的排出模式要综合考虑阻力系数和升力系数.      

现代喷气战斗机的发动机安装设计

发动机安装设计是飞机设计的一项重要工作,战斗机的发动机安装设计工作尤为重要且任务复杂.本文在收集整理大量文献资料的基础上,概述现代战斗机发动机的安装设汁,重点剖析了国外八个型号战斗机的发动机安装设计实例,比较各型战机的发动机安装设计异同,包括安装形式设计和安装节等结构部件的细节设计等.通过实例剖析和异同比较,有助于深入理解发动机安装设计的特点和规律,发展我国有自身特色的发动机安装设计解决方案.     

空间翻滚非合作目标消旋技术发展综述

大量残存太空的空间垃圾对在轨运行航天器的安全构成严重威胁,对其进行主动移除已迫在眉睫。火箭末级、失效卫星等非合作目标已失去姿态调整能力,且长期在失控状态下运行,受太阳光压、重力梯度等摄动力矩及失效前自身残余角动量等因素的影响往往会出现翻滚运动。对翻滚非合作目标直接捕获存在碰撞风险,为降低风险系数采取消旋后再捕获是较为合适的方式。在对火箭末级、失效卫星等典型非合作目标运动形式及消旋过程进行分析的基础上,综述了目前国内外所提出的接触式及非接触式消旋方法,并对非合作目标翻滚运动测量及动力学参数辨识和消旋控制这两项消旋共性关键技术进行了归纳总结。本综述将为中国空间碎片主动清除技术的发展提供有益参考。     

The role of AVDR in linear cascade testing

Linear cascade testing plays an important role in the research and development of turbomachinery and is widely used over the world.The ideal cascade model of a turbomachinery blade row is two-dimensional.In actual linear cascade testing, the flow through the test section converges due to the development of the boundary layer and secondary flow along the sidewall surfaces of the test section.Axial velocity density ratio(AVDR) is adopted to account for the deviation of the tested cascade flow from the ideal 2D model.Among numerous published cascade works, the influence of AVDR on cascade performance is seen to be complicated with many affecting factors, such as those related to cascade/blade geometry and flow conditions.Also, controlling AVDR is limited by the facility capability.Furthermore, real blade-to-blade flow in turbomachines is usually associated with AVDR greater than unity due to limited span of blades between the hub and shroud such that cascade testing without reducing AVDR could be favored sometimes.All these facets add complexity and diversification to the matter.The current paper reviews previous studies and results on AVDR.Consolidated understanding on the role of AVDR and recommendations on how to deal with it in linear cascade testing are provided.      

SiO32-浓度对KMnO4/FeSO4工艺除磷过程的影响

考察了天然水体中常见的SiO_3~(2-)对KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷的影响。SiO_3~(2-)存在时KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷的效能随着溶液pH的升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势。SiO_3~(2-)浓度为1.0 mmol/L,溶液pH值为4～6时,SiO_3~(2-)可促进KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺除磷的效能,KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺对磷的去除效果分别增加了6.0%,9.9%和6.3%;溶液pH值为7～9时,SiO_3~(2-)可显著抑制KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺除磷的效能,KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺对磷的去除效果分别降低了14.76%,32.6%和17.3%。KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺形成的絮体颗粒物表面ζ电位显著降低,溶液中残余铁的量明显提高。另外,水中SiO_3~(2-)对KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺形成的絮体颗粒物的组成和表面特征均有一定影响。该研究为KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷技术的推广提供了必要的理论基础。     

镍基高温合金珩磨材料去除率研究

针对典型的镍基高温合金材料GH4169开展珩磨试验,研究了主轴转速、往复速度、每往复进给量、油石粒径对材料去除率的影响规律。结果表明:主轴转速对材料去除率影响较小,其余三因素均对材料去除率有显著影响,其中每往复进给量和油石粒径的影响最为显著,且材料去除率与三者均呈现正相关关系。进行多元线性回归拟合出经验公式。同时还发现,适当提高网纹交叉角可以提高珩磨材料去除率。对加工余量一定且粗糙度要较高的内孔珩磨进行了工艺优化,实现了更高的加工效率。     

高速铣削系统稳定性动态优化新方法

考虑铣削过程中的自激振动和强迫振动,基于延迟微分方程的稳定性判定准则和强迫振动共振区的半带宽理论,提出一种铣削系统稳定性动态优化新方法.该方法通过选择切削参数和修改系统结构参数,在保证加工表面精度的前提下,获得大的稳定性材料去除率.其目标函数是材料去除率,约束条件是铣削过程稳定且非共振,动态优化变量是铣削系统的切削参数和结构参数.优化程序被阐明,实例分析结果显示,系统在稳定非共振条件下,加工时的材料去除率相比于优化前提高了18.86%.另外,为获得最大的稳定材料去除率和较好的表面精度,在铣削系统优化过程中,应同时考虑颤振稳定性和共振的影响.     

改进剥层应变法测量铝合金预拉伸厚板内部残余应力分布

铝合金预拉伸板已广泛应用于航空整体结构件的制造,其内部初始残余应力引起的加工变形已严重制约新型飞机的研制和生产。测量残余应力的方法很多,但一般只能测量工件的表面和浅表层,而厚板内部残余应力测量一直是工程中的难点。文中针对铝合金预拉伸厚板的特点,提出了测量其内部残余应力的方法,并运用弹性力学理论进行了理论推导,得到了应力-应变关系矩阵。用该方法测量了7050T7451铝合金厚板内部残余应力,并对测试结果进了分析和比较。结果表明,本文提出的方法有效地解决了厚板内部残余应力测量的难题,有较高的工程应用价值。