时变拓扑卫星集群分布式自主相对导航方法

针对时变拓扑卫星集群的相对导航需求,提出了基于图论的时变拓扑分布式一致性无迹卡尔曼滤波算法。首先给出了固定拓扑卫星集群的相对运动方程、测角测距测量模型和无迹卡尔曼滤波算法,然后考虑测角失效时相对导航系统不可观或弱可观的问题,结合矢量环一致性约束,构造了一致性无迹卡尔曼滤波算法,以提高系统的可观度;在此基础上,针对时变拓扑卫星集群,以滤波精度为优化指标,在图论的基础上利用Dijkstra算法对卫星集群的时变拓扑结构进行重构,并将重构后的拓扑结构应用于卫星集群相对导航。仿真结果表明所提算法能有效改善不完备测量带来的模糊轨道问题,并且能够实现实时的拓扑重构,以满足时变拓扑星群的相对导航精度要求。     

超高层建筑表面脉动风压空间相关特性试验研究

通过对某超高层建筑模型同步测压风洞试验,分别从时域和频域对模型各表面典型测点脉动风压水平和竖向空间相关性系数、以及水平和竖向相干函数进行了全面深入分析.与相关参考文献中提出的经典风速相干函数表达式进行了比较,给出了侧风面脉动风压相干函数考虑涡旋脱落影响的新的数学模型,拟合了公式参数,得到的结果可为建立更为精细的气动力模型所参考.     

一种新的整周模糊度快速求解算法

快速求解整周模糊度是利用GPS载波相位进行精确相对定位的关键技术.基于LAMBDA算法和FASF算法,提出了一种新的整周模糊度快速求解算法.该算法充分结合LAMBDA算法和FASF算法的优点,首先运用LAMBDA算法中的空间变换的思想,然后利用FASF算法的模糊度搜索技术,提高了模糊度求解效率.通过对1 km左右基线的相对定位实验表明:算法利用几个历元的数据可以正确地求解模糊度,使基线精度达到亚厘米级.     

能量最优的航天器连续动态避障轨迹规划

针对传统脉冲避障算法在航天器轨迹规划应用中存在对瞬时推力依赖性强且燃料消耗量大的问题,提出能量最优的连续动态避障算法。该算法首先基于线性相对运动方程与有限时间的能量最优模型,建立了相对运动能量最优模型,同时验证了模型最优性;其次将动态障碍物的y向运动误差偏移与正态分布概率引入避碰安全距离模型,修正了追踪航天器动态避障的范围,确定了安全距离矢量长度,增强了规避障碍的可靠性;最后通过障碍物速度矢量与追踪器航天器速度矢量夹角确定动态避障点方向,减少燃料消耗的同时提高了避障的有效性、准确性。通过仿真验证,该算法可以自适应选取规避障碍点,有效规避动态障碍;工质燃料消耗较小,有效延长航天器在轨寿命。     

Assessing the Risk of Orbital Debris Impact

A Space Debris Impact Risk Analysis Tool (SDIRAT) was developed and implemented to assess the orbital debris impact risk on a specified target in Earth orbit, in terms of flux, relative velocity, impact velocity, direction of the incoming particles, debris mass and diameter. Based on a deterministic approach, SDIRAT uses a realistic orbital debris population where each representative particle is identified by its rectangular coordinates (position and velocity) at a reference epoch. Using this information, some geometrical algorithms were developed and implemented to evaluate the contribution of each particle to the incoming flux. The position of the particle with respect to a specified target drives the selection criteria to reject, or select, it as a possible projectile. On the other hand, the relative velocity vector can be used to estimate the impact direction of the incoming flux. SDIRAT was conceived as a general tool for a variety of scenarios, such as low circular and elliptical orbits, up to the geosynchronous ring. This paper presents some examples of possible applications, including the computation of the incoming debris flux on SAX (low Earth orbit), SIRIO (geosynchronous orbit) and the IRIS upper stage (elliptical orbit). Other applications assess the impact risk for the Soviet Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellites Cosmos 1900 and Cosmos 1932.     

非单调推理的研究与发展

分析了非单调推理产生的原因以及非单调推理与传统逻辑间的关系，讨论了其典型的两种研究方法及存在的问题，最后指出了非单调推理的发展前景。     

视觉辅助惯性定位定姿技术研究

在利用视觉系统辅助捷联惯性导航系统( SINS)进行定位定姿时,由于两者输出的位置表示方法不同,在信息融合时会存在匹配问题。以相对地理坐标系作为定位定姿系统的导航坐标系,重新对SINS进行了力学编排,分析了其误差传递特性,建立了相对地理坐标系下的状态方程模型,并利用Kalman滤波器实现了视觉辅助惯性定位定姿算法。仿真结果表明,方法避免了信息融合时位置匹配问题,同时降低了系统的计算量,满足了定位定姿系统的精度要求。     

单频GPS动态相对定位的模糊度逼近/搜索解法

针对目前实时动态定位(RTK)中常用搜索解法可靠度不高的缺点,利用各历元诸双差方程所形成的法方程,对其进行解耦处理以便于实时计算.在此基础上综合了逼近、搜索两种解法各自的局部优势,构成了逼近/搜索的联合解法.实际测试表明,该算法在单频全球定位系统(GPS)载波相位差分的动态相对定位过程中,用2～3min的时间即可可靠地在航解算出整周模糊度.     

Long term and safe relative orbit design for heterogeneous spacecraft clusters

The problem of obtaining long term relative orbit configurations for spacecraft clusters with realistic operational considerations such as safety, station keeping and inter-spacecraft distances is addressed. Two different approaches are developed for station keeping and safety objectives. In the first approach, relative orbit configurations, or relative TLEs, are found minimizing deviations from reference mean orbit which would maximize the station-keeping objective. In second one, relative configurations are found from a reference initial condition by minimizing probability of collision, hence maximizing the safety objective, between the spacecraft in the cluster which are propagated numerically through a high precision orbit propagator. For the design optimization, a derivative free algorithm is proposed. Effectiveness of the approaches is demonstrated through simulations. Using this design framework, several configurations can be found by exploring the limits of the clusters in terms of spacecraft number, distance bounds and probabilities of collision for long time intervals.     

固体推进剂受潮对其力学性能的影响

阐述了通过试验与理论分析得到的固体推进剂试件受潮后力学性能的变化规律;通过干燥措施可以恢复受潮试件的力学性能;给出了其恢复度并在此基础上分析了其湿度老化机理。