利用几何遗传方法优化前缘翼根延伸的外形以增强飞行器升力系数和机动性

为了提高所选定飞行器模型的机动性,采用了一种标准遗传算法设计前缘翼根延伸(LEX).同时使用一种由三维低阶板方法结合DATCOM方法半经验公式的改进方法预测复杂外形飞行器(机身 机翼 尾翼)的空气动力载荷和最大升力系数.结果表明,在前缘翼根存在的情况下,升力系数在马赫数为0.4～0.8时提升了20.5%～15.3%,在马赫数为1.2时提升了6.8%,在马赫数为0.2～0.95之间升力系数最大值提升了9.5%～15%.在1～5 km的高度亚音速飞行时,其回转率得到了6.6%～8.0%的提升.     

Towards intelligent design optimization: Progress and challenge of design optimization theories and technologies for plastic forming

Plastic forming is one of enabling and fundamental technologies in advanced manufacturing chains. Design optimization is a critical way to improve the performance of the forming system, exploit the advantages of high productivity, high product quality, low production cost and short time to market and develop precise, accurate, green, and intelligent (smart) plastic forming technology. However, plastic forming is quite complicated, relating to multi-physics field coupling, multi-factor influence, multi-defect constraint, and triple nonlinear, etc., and the design optimization for plastic forming involves multi-objective, multi-parameter, multi-constraint, nonlinear, high-dimensionality, non-continuity, time-varying, and uncertainty, etc. Therefore, how to achieve accurate and efficient design optimization of products, equipment, tools/dies, and processing as well as materials characterization has always been the research frontier and focus in the field of engineering and manufacturing. In recent years, with the rapid development of computing science, data science and internet of things (IoT), the theories and technologies of design optimization have attracted more and more attention, and developed rapidly in forming process. Accordingly, this paper first introduced the framework of design optimization for plastic forming. Then, focusing on the key problems of design optimization, such as numerical model and optimization algorithm, this paper summarized the research progress on the development and application of the theories and technologies about design optimization in forming process, including deterministic and uncertain optimization. Moreover, the applicability of various modeling methods and optimization algorithms was elaborated in solving the design optimization problems of plastic forming. Finally, considering the development trends of forming technology, this paper discusses some challenges of design optimization that may need to be solved and faced in forming process.     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体包覆CL-20及对NEPE推进剂性能影响

采用热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,通过水-溶液悬浮法将其包覆于六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20),并对包覆后的CL-20分别进行了XPS、SEM、撞击感度和表面能测试;研究了弹性体包覆CL-20对含CL-20的NEPE推进剂常温力学性能、燃烧性能的影响.研究表明,热塑性弹性体能有效包覆CL-20,在大幅度提高含CL-20的NEPE推进剂常温力学性能并改善"脱湿"的同时,改善高能低特征信号配方燃烧性能,σm最大提高了47%,εm最大提高了184%;燃速压强指数n降低了12%.     

基于工业物联网的混流车间机器人自适应调度

随着工业物联网技术与人工智能技术深度融合,物料机器人已广泛应用于物联网车间中.针对车间存在实时动态变化和状况不确定等诸多复杂因素,本文提出以组分层建树和以实时状态为根节点的SP–MCTS(Single-player monte-carlo tree search algorithm)搜索方法实现车间自适应调度决策.该方...     

ZnO纳米棒阵列/QCM超疏水空间污染气敏传感器性能研究

空间环境污染监测中,石英晶体微天平（QCM）传感器可通过增加比表面积增强对有机污染分子的吸附能力,通过表面超疏水化减小水分子的影响,从而提高传感器的探测精度。文章采用水热法在QCM表面制备 ZnO纳米棒阵列膜,并对其形貌和物化性能进行实验测试。研究结果表明：ZnO纳米棒的顶端呈六边形,属于六方纤锌矿结构;ZnO纳米棒沿(002)晶面择优生长,具有较低的表面自由能;纳米棒之间存在空隙,表面接触角可达150°,表现出超疏水性能;ZnO纳米棒阵列增加了有机分子的吸附位点,使石英晶振吸附有机分子的能力更强;同时,ZnO纳米棒阵列具有一定的光催化性能,140 min内光催化降解罗丹明B的效率约为35.5%。以上研究工作可为空间环境有机分子污染监测提供技术参考。     

基于深度学习的发动机叶片故障检测技术

为了解决航空发动机叶片故障检测中存在的检测精度欠佳、检测效率不高的问题,提出了一种基于深度学习的目标检测方法。针对小样本数据集检测精度低、模型训练速度慢等问题,对Faster R-CNN目标检测算法进行结构优化,引入Res2Net结构,通过分割串联的策略强化残差模块的卷积学习能力,搭建了细粒级的多尺度残差模型Res2Net-50,以提升模型的特征提取能力。同时,在网络的训练过程中,采用多次余弦退火衰减法对学习率进行调整,以加快模型的训练速度,提升模型的训练质量。针对航空发动机叶片裂纹和缺损2种故障类型进行网络训练与检测试验,试验结果表明：优化后的模型识别准确率提高了0.7%,模型的平均检测精度提高了1.8%,训练时间缩短了5.56%,取得了比较好的检测效果。     

The Crab pulsar seen with AquEYE at Asiago Cima Ekar observatory

We are developing fast photon-counter instruments to study the rapid variability of astrophysical sources by time tagging photon arrival times with unprecedented accuracy, making use of a Rubidium clock and GPS receiver. The first realization of such optical photon-counters, dubbed AquEYE (the Asiago Quantum Eye), was mounted in 2008 at the 182 cm Copernicus Observatory in Asiago. AquEYE observed the Crab pulsar several times and collected data of extraordinary quality that allowed us to perform accurate optical timing of the Crab pulsar and to study the pulse shape stability on a timescale from days to years with an excellent definition. Our results reinforce the evidence for decadal stability of the inclination angle between the spin and magnetic axis of the Crab pulsar. Future realizations of our instrument will make use of the Galileo Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time signal.     

基于非线性补偿的涡扇发动机MRAC控制(英文)

以工程应用为目的,采用输入输出模型参考自适应控制方法设计了航空发动机转速模型参考自适应控制器(Model reference adaptive control,MRAC)。针对发动机的非线性特性,设计了函数连接型神经网络补偿器。开展了控制器实物在回路仿真试验,结果表明基于非线性补偿的MRAC在包线内具有良好的动静态性能,对于发动机及其工作环境的非线性具有良好的补偿能力和适应性,验证了自适应控制方法在航空发动机工程应用中的有效性。     

Effect of interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinfroced ceramic-matrix composites

An analytical methodology was developed to investigate the effect of fiber/matrix interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinforced CMCs(ceramic-matrix composites). The Budiansky-Hutchinson-Evans shear-lag model was adopted to analyse the micro-stress field of the damaged composites. The critical matrix strain energy criterion, which presupposes the existence of an ultimate or critical matrix strain energy with matrix, was obtained to simulate the matrix multicracking evolution of CMCs. With the increase of the applied stress, the matrix multicracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding occurred to dissipate the additional energy entered into the composites. The fiber/matrix interface debonded length under matrix multicracking evolution was obtained by treating the interface debonding as a particular crack propagation problem. The conditions for no-debonding and debonding during the evolution of matrix multicracking were discussed in terms of two interfacial properties, i.e., the interface shear stress and interface debonded toughness. When the fiber/matrix interface was bonded, the matrix multicracking evolution was much more intense compared with the interface debonding; when the fiber/matrix interface was debonded, the matrix crack density increased with the increasing of interface shear stress and interface debonded energy. The theoretical results were compared with experimental data of unidirectional SiC/CAS(calcium alumina silicate), SiC/CAS-Ⅱ and SiC/borosilicate composites.      

Who’s supporting space activities? An ‘issue public’ for US space policy

Using data from the General Social Survey, this research identifies the issue public of US space policy. Highlighting the need to understand and identify the portion of the public that supports space activities, this study underscores the limited appeal of space for the public as a whole. We find that those who support space activities tend to be younger, male, Republican, and have a higher level of education and socioeconomic status. Because these characteristics make up a relatively small proportion of the American population, those supporting space activities must broaden the appeal of space, making it more accessible and understandable for those with whom the issue does not have much saliency.