Control-oriented Modeling for Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicle Using Parameterized Configuration Approach

This article presents a parameterized configuration modeling approach to develop a 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) rigid-body model for air-breathing hypersonic vehicle (AHV). The modeling process involves the parameterized configuration design, inviscous hypersonic aerodynamic force calculation and scramjet engine modeling. The parameters are designed for airframe-propulsion integration configuration, the aerodynamic force calculation is based on engineering experimental methods, and the engine model is acquired from gas dynamics and quasi-one dimensional combustor calculations. Multivariate fitting is used to obtain analytical equations for aerodynamic force and thrust. Furthermore, the fitting accuracy is evaluated by relative error (RE). Trim results show that the model can be applied to the investigation of control method for AHV during the cruise phase. The modeling process integrates several disciplines such as configuration design, aerodynamic calculation, scramjet modeling and control method. Therefore the modeling method makes it possible to conduct AHV aerodynamics/propulsion/control integration design.     

Surface Roughness Effects on Vortex Torque of Air Supported Gyroscope

In order to improve the drift precision of air supported gyroscope, effects of surface roughness magnitude and direction on vortex torque of air supported gyroscope are studied. Based on Christensen’s rough surface stochastic model and consistency transformation method, Reynolds equation of air supported gyroscope containing surface roughness information is established. Also effects of mathematical models of main machining errors on vortex torque are established. By using finite element method, the Reynolds equation is solved numerically and the vortex torque in the presence of machining errors and surface roughness is calculated. The results show that surface roughness of slit has a significant effect on vortex torque. Transverse surface roughness makes vortex torque greater, while longitudinal surface roughness makes vortex torque smaller. The maximal difference approaches 11.4% during the range analyzed in this article. However surface roughness of journal influences vortex torque insignificantly. The research is of great significance for designing and manufacturing air supported gyroscope and predicting its performance.     

电脉冲除冰(EIDI)技术研究

将电脉冲除冰(EIDI)系统的一个工作周期分解为四个过程,进而分析其工作原理.以冲击摆锤试验和Bernhart-Schrag模型为例,介绍了电动力学方面的研究方法和研究成果.通过蒙皮表面加速度、应变、振动位移等参数,分析了由脉冲力所产生的结构动力学特性.利用蒙皮表面的应变程度,给出了一种除冰预测准则.总结了包括飞行试验、疲劳试验以及电磁干扰试验在内的工程应用试验研究结果.在此基础上,对EIDI技术的发展方向进行了展望.      

三维编织复合材料研究进展

重点回顾了三维编织复合材料各发展阶段的关键性成果,从研究方法和研究方向两个角度,对该领域的重要研究成果和笔者所在课题组的最新研究成果进行了评述。在编织工艺方面,重点介绍了编织物的细观结构和适用领域,指出了细观结构对最大纤维体积分数的影响和当前流行的建模方法,并且将周期性单胞划分方法和纱线截面形状的模拟归纳为参数化建模中的两个关键问题。对力学性能的研究成果进行了综述,在试验方面,重点介绍了编织角的变化对材料各种性能的影响;在理论方面,重点评述了几种多尺度细观力学方法和特征单元法。最后,对有待于进一步研究的问题进行了展望。     

基于混合人工鱼群算法的结构有限元模型修正

将模拟退火算法(SAA)与具有交叉和高斯变异的人工鱼群算法(AFSA)相结合,提出了一种基于混合人工鱼群算法(HAFSA)的结构有限元模型修正方法;针对外编有限元模型修正程序直接嵌入Patran/Nas-tran软件存在困难的情况,设计了一种灵巧且方便的接口模块。以试验模型测试数据与有限元模型计算值的向量残差建立目标函数,在基本AFSA中引入交叉和高斯变异算子用于加快全局优化搜索速度,将目标函数优化值不断刷新公告板,再利用SAA进行局部细化搜索从而显著提高优化解的精度,在满足算法终止条件后获得设计参数的最优值;结合Fortran语言和Visual Basic语言编译接口模块,运行模型修正程序时循环修改Patran软件生成的建模文件并反复调用Nastran软件进行求解。以欧洲航空研究科技组织的基准模型——GARTEUR飞机模型为例,修正结果表明,应用HAFSA进行结构有限元模型修正是可行且有效的。     

基于代理模型的气动外形平面参数多目标匹配设计

将Kriging代理模型和Pareto遗传算法引入气动外形平面参数匹配设计中,提出一种基于代理模型的多目标平面参数匹配设计方法。将拉丁超立方试验设计用于平面参数筛选,确定出参数匹配方案库;基于方案库的计算流体力学(CFD)分析结果构建Kriging气动代理模型;将Kriging模型替代CFD分析,用于气体布局参数匹配优化设计,提高了设计效率并保证了可信度;通过Pareto遗传算法优化解决多点设计要求下气动布局参数匹配问题,一次性给出参数匹配方案的最优解集,从Pareto前沿中根据设计偏向选择气动布局最佳匹配方案。以典型的双后掠布局平面参数多点匹配优化设计问题作为算例,研究结果表明:Kriging气动代理模型与实际CFD分析结果的误差均小于5%,满足精度要求;根据不同设计偏向,选择了3种参数匹配Pareto优化方案,与原样本方案相比超声速阻力减小6.0%~12.8%,跨声速升阻比增加0.01%~3.40%,证明了匹配设计方法的有效性;通过试验设计的Pareto分析与主、交互效应分析,获得了气动布局平面参数对气动性能影响的定量关系,能够为参数匹配设计提供依据。所提出的平面参数匹配设计方法可应用于其他常规与非常规气动布局型式。     

Erosion of a Polyimide Material Exposed to Simulated Atomic Oxygen Environment

Oxygen plasma source generated by thermal cathode filament discharge has been used to study the erosion process of polyimide (PI) materials in atomic oxygen (AO) environment, and their mass loss, surface morphology and surface chemical compositions have been examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after exposure to incremental AO flux. The data indicate that the physical adsorption of AO at the samples' surface results in the increase of oxygen concentration when polyimide is exposed to AO flux. Then selective chemical reactions of groups of polyimide materials with AO yield volatile organic compounds, sample mass loss is on linear increase and carpet-like surface morphology forms. In the initial exposure to AO, the reaction occurs mainly between AO and carbon in specific location of aromatic ring, then the reaction rate of C=O groups gradually increases. After AO exposure, the oxygen concentration increases while nitrogen and carbon concentration decreases. Reaction rate of groups containing nitrogen is slower compared with carbon and oxygen.     

基于自适应近似法的复合材料先进格栅加筋结构优化设计(英文)

针对复合材料高级格栅加筋结构(AGS)的后屈曲约束优化问题,发展出基于自适应近似法的优化方法。设计将后屈曲考虑入结构的承载能力,比传统的以线性屈曲载荷为极限载荷的设计方法进一步提高结构效率。采用"梁偏移"技术对加筋-蒙皮联结进行有限元建模,并用Newton-Raphson法对AGS的后屈曲响应进行求解。通过少量次数的结构分析建立结构极限载荷的Kriging近似模型,并将之用于优化过程,以显著提高优化工作效率。使用多岛遗传算法运行优化计算,得到问题的全局最优解。针对问题的设计变量取值范围较大的特点,发展出基于自适应近似法的优化方法,计算结果证明该法比一般的基于近似法的优化方法能够显著减少结构分析次数。工作在有限元分析软件MSC.PATRAN/MARC、工程辅助软件iSIGHT中进行,验证了其相关功能,为复合材料AGS结构件的初步设计工具奠定基础。     

磁悬浮反作用飞轮热设计方法与实验研究

 作为新型航天器姿态控制执行机构,磁悬浮反作用飞轮工作在高真空环境下且转子完全悬浮,使得热量不易散出,故需要对飞轮进行温度场计算并进行热优化设计。为此,提出一种有限元与热网络模型相结合的优化热设计方法:首先利用有限元法计算温度场分布;然后对不符合温度要求的部件建立热网络模型,分析影响温度的因素,提出优化措施。该方法具有计算精度高、优化速度快的特点。将该方法应用于某样机的热优化设计中,使飞轮的最高温度由121.6 ℃降到了52.7 ℃。对经热设计前后的两台磁悬浮反作用飞轮的实验研究证明了热设计的正确性,从而为磁悬浮飞轮系统的结构设计和热设计奠定了基础。     

NiCrAlYSi涂层/DD6单晶高温合金界面再结晶和互扩散行为

采用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)在单晶高温合金DD6基体上沉积NiCrAlYSi涂层.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)以及透射电镜(TEM)等研究了高温扩散过程中NiCrAlYSi/DD6的界面再结晶和互扩散行为.研究结果表明合金表面喷砂处理后的涂层试样经1 323 K真空热处理4 ...