北斗星基增强系统增强定位方法和效果研究

北斗星基增强系统BDSBAS通过地球同步轨道卫星实时播发导航卫星星历改正数等增强信息，提高用户全球导航卫星系统定位精度，提升服务水平，是北斗全球卫星导航系统的重要组成部分。根据相关标准协议文件研究了BDSBAS增强定位算法，并在自主研发的北斗星基增强系统监测接收机上设计实现了BDSBAS增强信号的接收，完成了单频和双频实时增强定位解算。实测结果表明：BDSBAS-B1C增强信号能有效提高GPS L1C/A的单频定位精度，相比于标准服务单频定位结果，水平和高程方向精度分别提升了45.18%和70.61%，提升后定位精度在1 m左右；BDSBAS-B2a增强信号能一定程度提高BDS B1C-B2a的双频无电离层组合定位精度，相比较于标准服务双频定位结果，水平和高程方向精度分别提升了6.15%和5.83%，提升后定位精度达到分米级。     

用于EMI测量接收机脉冲响应校准的标准脉冲信号产生方法

EMI测量接收机作为电磁兼容测试中的关键仪器应用越来越广泛，但目前该类仪器的脉冲响应校准所用的标准源完全依赖于进口，国内尚无可替代的标准脉冲信号产生器。介绍一种用于EMI测量接收机脉冲响应校准的标准脉冲信号产生方法，首先建立标准脉冲信号的参数模型并对其进行数值分析和仿真，验证其符合CISPR 16-1-1标准的要求，之后搭建实验系统，利用标准脉冲信号生成软件控制任意脉冲信号发生器输出标准脉冲信号并对其进行补偿修正，获得符合CISPR 16-1-1标准要求的标准脉冲信号，该信号可用于EMI测量接收机脉冲响应的校准。     

GNSS多径抑制基带处理算法综述CSCD

随着全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)信号体制的不断更新,接收机应用环境越来越复杂,多径误差抑制技术也在不断发展进步。其中,基于改进基带的多径抑制算法由于成本和效果综合较优,受到了国内外研究人员的重视。论文首先阐述了GNSS多径抑制的基本原理,综述了传统的GNSS参量式和非参量式多径抑制算法的研究现状和实现方式,然后探讨分析了新体制信号中提高抗多径性能的方法,总结了当前GNSS多径抑制基带处理研究中的主要问题,最后展望了其未来的发展趋势。     

和差通道相位差对差模跟踪接收机的影响分析

在数据中继卫星系统中,中低轨航天器常采用差模跟踪技术,完成对数据中继卫星的捕获跟踪,建立高速数据中继传输链路。文章根据某任务跟踪接收机实际设计参数,用Matlab／Simulink软件对和差通道相位差对跟踪性能的影响进行了仿真分析。     

相干光接收机时钟恢复算法的FPGA实现

低轨小卫星在进行相干激光通信时，需要实时解决发射端与相干光接收机之间存在的时钟偏差问题。分析了时钟偏差对相干光接收机性能的影响，设计了一种基于Gardner算法的并行化时钟恢复反馈环路来对时钟的偏差进行纠正，对各组成部分的原理进行了说明，并在现场可编程逻辑门阵列FPGA上实现了该算法，将 5 GSa/s 的采样信号在 FPGA 中以 156.25 MHz 主频，分为并行 32 路完成时钟同步处理，且实时时钟同步算法仅占用 FPGA 的 590 个自适应逻辑块和 4 个乘法器单元。同时，采用自研的集成化相干光通信模块，演示了 10 Gb/s 偏振复用正交相移键控 PM-QPSK 相干光通 信系统实验。实验结果证明该方案能稳定地补偿本地采样时钟的频率和相位偏移带来的采样定时误差。以 7%开销硬判 决前向纠错码 HD-FEC（Hard Decision Forward Error Correction）为门限，系统的灵敏度优于–51 dBm。     

一种超宽带电子战测频技术的研究

随着雷达技术的发展,宽带瞬时信号截获是信息化装备的必备功能单元.从理论和试验验证的角度详细分析了超宽带电子战接收机的工作原理、测频技术和应用场景,提出了一种简化的MonoDFT算法,实现了2GHz～18GHz频段内雷达信号辐射源的高精度频率测量,并设计了两种应用场景和实现方法.理论分析与实验表明,接收机能够实现瞬时带宽...     

一种瞬时大带宽DRFM系统的信道化设计

为实现宽带雷达回波信号的模拟生成,通常采用基于信道化技术的射频存储(DRFM)系统。在信道化DRFM系统中,不合理的信道划分方案和多相滤波器设计会导致频谱混叠、频谱分量缺失和幅度失真。文章提出了一种相邻信道频谱有50%交叠的信道划分方法,并对信道化滤波器组进行了优化设计。在此基础上,给出了一种瞬时大带宽DRFM系统的实现方案。仿真结果表明,文章提出的设计方案可以实现Nyquist采样带宽内雷达信号的射频存储和模拟转发,且具有较小的幅度失真,可以满足瞬时大带宽雷达回波信号的模拟需求。     

Precise orbit determination for TH02-02 satellites based on BDS3 and GPS observations

The Tianhui-2 02 (TH02-02) satellite formation, as a supplement to the microwave mapping satellite system Tianhui-2 01 (TH02-01), is the first Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) satellite formation-flying system that supports the tracking of BeiDou global navigation Satellite system (BDS3) new B1C and B2a signals. Meanwhile, the twin TH02-02 satellites also support the tracking of Global Positioning System (GPS) L1&L2 and BDS B1I&B3I signals. As the spaceborne receiver employs two independent boards to track the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites, we design an orbit determination strategy by estimating independent receiver clock offsets epoch by epoch for each GNSS to realize the multi-GNSS data fusion from different boards. The performance of the spaceborne receiver is evaluated and the contribution of BDS3 to the kinematic and reduced-dynamic Precise Orbit Determination (POD) of TH02-02 satellites is investigated. The tracking data onboard shows that the average number of available BDS3 and GPS satellites are 8.7 and 9.1, respectively. The carrier-to-noise ratio and carrier phase noise of BDS3 B1C and B2a signals are comparable to those of GPS. However, strong azimuth-related systematic biases are recognized in the pseudorange multipath errors of B1C and B3I. The pseudorange noise of BDS3 signals is better than that of GPS after eliminating the multipath errors from specific signals. Taking the GPS-based reduced-dynamic orbit with single-receiver ambiguity fixing technique as a reference, the results of BDS3-only and BDS3 + GPS combined POD are assessed. The Root Mean Square (RMS) of orbit comparison of BDS3-based kinematic and reduced-dynamic POD with reference orbit are better than 7 cm and 3 cm in three-Dimensional direction (3D). The POD performance based on B1C&B2a data is comparable to that based on B1I&B3I. The precision of BDS3 + GPS combined kinematic orbit can reach up to 3 cm (3D RMS), which has a more than 25% improvement relative to the GPS-only solution. In addition, the consistency between the BDS3 + GPS combined reduced-dynamic orbit and the GPS-based ambiguity-fixed orbit is better than 1.5 cm (3D RMS).     

Particle filter-based real-time phase line bias estimation for GNSS-based attitude determination with common-clock receivers

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based attitude determination has been widely adopted in a wide variety of terrestrial, sea, air, and space applications. Recently, the emergence of commercial multi-GNSS common-clock receivers has brought new opportunities for high-precision GNSS-based attitude determination with single-differenced (SD) model. However, the key requirement of using this approach is the accurate estimation of the troublesome line bias (LB) in real-time. In this contribution, we propose a particle filter-based real-time phase LB estimation approach that apply to SD model with single-system single-frequency observations from common-clock receiver. We first analyzed the relationship between the integer ambiguity ratio value and the phase LB. It is proved that the accuracy of a given phase LB value can be qualified by the related ambiguity resolution ratio value, and the normalized ratio value can therefore be used to represent the likelihood function of observations. Then, we presented the particle filter-based real-time phase LB estimation procedure, and assessed its performance using GPS L1/BDS B1I observations from two datasets collected with different types of common-clock receivers in terms of the accuracy and convergence time of phase LB estimation, the computation load, and the positioning and attitude determination accuracy with respect to the double-differenced (DD) model. Experimental results demonstrated that the phase LB could be accurately estimated with short convergence time (generally within 15 epochs). Moreover, compared with the classical DD approach, the particle filter-based SD approach delivers comparable positioning root-mean-square (RMS) errors in the North and East components but significantly smaller RMS errors in the Up component. Accordingly, the achievable yaw accuracy is comparable whereas the pitch accuracy is remarkably improved. The improvements of positioning accuracy in the Up component and pitch accuracy are approximately 35.7 % to 63.7 %, and 33.3 % to 63.1 %, respectively. Additionally, the single-epoch computation time with our particle filter-based SD approach is generally 0.08 s, which is obviously larger than the DD approach but could still meet the requirements of real-time applications below 10 Hz sampling.     

一种支持任意码率的PCM-FM遥测接收机设计

PCM-FM调制技术是遥测系统中应用最广泛的调制体制，遥测接收机是遥测系统的重要单机。针对目前遥测接收机系统复杂、体积笨重、操作不便、采购成本高昂的痛点，设计了一款通用便携遥测接收机，采用了任意采样率转换技术、坐标旋转数字计算方法CORDIC（Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer）鉴频、多普勒频移控制技术和位同步控制技术，具有硬件资源消耗少、支持任意码率可调、易于集成和小型化设计等优点。