随机数对遗传算法计算效率的影响分析及改进研究

遗传算法要求计算过程产生均匀随机数,针对目前采用的线性同余随机函数发生器长周期与稀疏网格局限,提出以当前时间折合为百分秒初始化结合洗牌技术处理,同时采用以群体规模数为基准的归一化方法来产生[0,1]范围内的均匀随机数用于遗传算法编程计算.实例计算说明,所提出的处理方法可有效提高算法的计算效率.     

Numerical investigation of transitions in flow states and variation in aerodynamic forces for flow around square cylinders arranged inline

This study focuses on the transitions in flow states around two-, three- and four-inline square cylinders under the effect of Reynolds numbers at two different gap spacing values using the lattice Boltzmann method. For this purpose, Reynolds number is varied in the range 1–130 while two different values of spacing taken into account are gap spacing?=?2 and 5. Before going to actual problem, the code is tested for flow around a single square cylinder by comparing the results with experimental and numerical results of other researchers, and good agreement is found. The current numerical computations yield that for both spacing values and all combinations of cylinders there exist three different sates of flow depending on Reynolds numbers: steady state, transitional state and unsteady state. It is found that the range of Reynolds numbers for these flow states is different for both spacing values. At gap spacing?=?2 the range of Reynolds numbers for each flow state decreases by increasing the number of cylinders while at gap spacing?=?5 opposite trend is observed. The results also show that at gap spacing?=?2 the reduction in drag force is greater than the corresponding reduction at gap spacing?=?5. The maximum reduction in drag force is observed at Reynolds numbers?=?1 at both spacing values. Similarly, at both spacing values and all Reynolds numbers, the maximum reduction in drag force is observed for the case of four-inline square cylinders.     

低Re对某小型涡扇发动机性能影响

低雷诺数问题是影响高空长航时无人驾驶飞机的动力装置性能的关键因素之一.定量分析了低雷诺数效应对某小型大涵道比涡扇发动机性能的影响.当雷诺数减小到一定程度后,各部件的性能将发生改变.在发动机整机环境下,增压级和低压涡轮的进口叶弦雷诺数相对更低,受飞行高度和速度的影响也更大.在发动机共同工作条件的作用下,各部件的匹配关系将发生变化,除部件效率的降低以外,部件流通能力的衰减也引起发动机性能的降低.涡轮前温度的限制将使发动机转子转速下降,低雷诺数效应加剧,从而导致发动机性能的进一步降低,推力迅速减小,但发动机涵道比的增加可以减小因部件性能衰退引起的耗油率上升的趋势.     

Adaptive flow control of low-Reynolds number aerodynamics using dielectric barrier discharge actuator

Aerodynamic performance of low-Reynolds number flyers, for a chord-based Reynolds number of 10⁵ or below, is sensitive to wind gusts and flow separation. Active flow control offers insight into fluid physics as well as possible improvements in vehicle performance. While facilitating flow control by introducing feedback control and fluidic devices, major challenges of achieving a target aerodynamic performance under unsteady flow conditions lie on the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics of the flow system. Therefore, a successful flow control framework requires a viable as well as accessible control scheme and understanding of underlying flow dynamics as key information of the flow system. On the other hand, promising devices have been developed recently to facilitate flow control in this flow regime. The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) actuator is such an example; it does not have moving parts and provides fast impact on the flow field locally. In this paper, recent feedback flow control studies, especially those focusing on unsteady low-Reynolds number aerodynamics, are reviewed. As an example of an effective flow control framework, it is demonstrated that aerodynamic lift of a high angle-of-attack wing under fluctuating free-stream conditions can be stabilized using the DBD actuator and an adaptive algorithm based on general input–output models. System nonlinearities and control challenges are discussed by assessing control performance and the variation of the system parameters under various flow and actuation conditions. Other fundamental issues from the flow dynamics view point, such as the lift stabilization mechanism and the influence on drag fluctuation are also explored. Both potentiality and limitation of the linear modeling approach are discussed. In addition, guidelines on system identification and the controller and actuator setups are suggested.     

Sunspot cycle prediction using Warped Gaussian process regression

Solar cycle prediction is a key activity in space weather research. Several techniques have been employed in recent decades in order to try to forecast the next sunspot-cycle maxima and time. In this work, the Gaussian process, a machine-learning technique, is used to make a prediction for the solar cycle 25 based on the annual sunspot number 2.0 data from 1700 to 2018. A variation known as Warped Gaussian process is employed in order to deal with the non-negativity constraint and asymmetrical data distribution. Tests using holdout data yielded a root mean square error of 10.0 within 5 years and 25.0–35.0 within 10 years. Simulations using the predictive distribution were performed to account for the uncertainty in the prediction. Cycle 25 is expected to last from 2019 to 2029, with a peak sunspot number about 117 (110 by the median) occurring most likely in 2024. Thus our method predicts that solar Cycle 25 will be weaker than previous ones, implying a continuing trend of declining solar activity as observed in the past two cycles.     

改进的DNA编码遗传算法在翼型设计中的应用

遗传算法作为一种比较成熟的智能算法,因其具有全局搜索能力和并行性得以在翼型气动优化中广范应用.本文在编码方式、种群初始化和遗传算子等方面对标准遗传算法进行了改进.其中,DNA的编码方式增加信息的丰富性;拉丁超立方抽样初始化使种群分布相对均匀;插入、删除、倒位等算子增加种群的多样性,加快收敛;感染算子加速种群摆脱停滞或早...     

Birthdates of patients affected by mental illness and solar activity: A study from Italy

Purpose

This epidemiologic study tested an hypothesized association between the year of birth of persons with major mental illnesses and solar activity over the past century.

Methods

We collected data on diagnoses and birthdates of psychiatric patients born between 1926 and 1975 (N = 1954) in south Italy for comparison to yearly solar activity as registered by the International Observatories.

Results

We found a strong inverse correlation between high solar activity (HSA) and incidence of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in a 20-year period whereas the incidence of non-affective/non-psychotic disorders was moderately associated with HSA in the same period.

Conclusions

Interpretation of the observed correlations between HSA during years of birth and the incidence of mental illnesses remains unclear, but the findings encourage further study.     

空间可展开结构区间模型修正方法

传统的模型修正未考虑工程中存在的几何尺寸、材料参数、间隙等不确定性,修正后有限元模型预测精度较低。为提高有限元模型的预测精度,准确预测结构的静动力学特性,对考虑参数不确定性的模型修正进行了研究,提出了一种基于Kriging模型和泛灰数的区间模型修正方法。首先,通过灵敏度分析确定待修正参数,并以修正参数为变量,构造基于Kriging模型的区间响应目标函数;其次,引入泛灰数将区间优化问题转换为区间上限和区间直径两个全局优化问题;然后,利用Kriging模型结合遗传算法给出修正后的参数区间形式;最后,通过该方法对含铰链间隙的某空间可展开结构进行了模型修正。结果表明,修正后参数区间与真实区间重合度较高,修正后结构响应预测区间与实际区间吻合,验证了方法的有效性,为大型空间可展开结构的模型修正提供了一个有效可行的途径。     

直升机工程模拟器主控计算机系统的设计与实现

本文阐述了直升机模拟器主控计算机系统的组成和各系统的功能,描述了基于 VME 总线的主控计算机硬件系统的配置方案,探讨了实时多任务仿真管理软件的设计方法及实时仿真软件的实现。     

论市场比较法－－《房地产估价规范》系列研究之一

市场比较法是房地产估价的主要方法，本文综述了市场比较法的因素指标体系，提出因素指标修正必须考虑权重的论点，简述了权重的测定方法，总结估价教学实务，对市场比较法的理论与实务进行了探讨。