机载图像无损/近无损压缩方案及其FPGA实现

根据机载图像压缩和传输的特点,在改进JPEG-LS算法基础上,设计了一种有效的图像无损/近无损压缩方案.该方案由去相关处理、熵编码及压缩位率控制三部分组成.去相关处理部分解决了JPEG-LS预测模型本身的误码扩散问题,熵编码部分使用快速有效的Golomb熵编码器完成对预测误差的编码,同时解决了机载应用中数据传输率恒定条件下压缩码率的控制问题.对压缩算法现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)设计中的一些关键问题也给出了有效的解决途径,从而形成了一套完整、可行的机载图像压缩解决方案.最后通过FPGA实现和验证了压缩方案及逻辑设计的正确性和可行性.      

气液鼓泡床反应器中气泡行为光纤探针测量方法

本文分别采用电导探针和光纤探针测量气液鼓泡床反应器中的气含率、气泡速率和气泡弦长等气泡行为,结果表明光纤探针对气泡具有响应迅速、阶跃显著的特点。将光纤探针信号进行方波化处理,探针在气相中的采样点数与总采样点数之比即为局部气含率,再沿径向积分可得平均气含率,以压差法测得的平均气含率为基准,光纤探针比电导探针准确性更高。将改造后的光纤探针应用于高温、高压、液相为有机体系的气液鼓泡床反应器,测得该反应器的气含率呈中心及边壁低、0.4倍半径处最大的抛物形分布。因此,开发的光纤探针可用于高温、高压、液相有机体系中气泡行为的测量。     

氢脉泽谐振腔频率-温度效应分析

进一步改进氢钟的频率稳定度,要求了解影响频率稳定度的各个过程及其影响的相对大小。讨论影响氢钟谐振腔频率的各种热动力学过程。这种分析能够使钟的研制者和用户去识别稳定度的限制因素并因此加以选择以便改进频率稳定度。     

基于虚拟现实技术的无人直升机实时监控系统

引入虚拟现实技术,结合遥测数据的快速有效滤波和插补方法形成可视性和可靠性良好的无人直升机远程实时监控系统.有效地提高飞行状态显示形象性,动态性,遥测数据的可靠性和实时性.使离机驾驶员对无人直升机的控制更加直观有效,提高飞行任务成功率.      

一种基于虚拟页地址映射的NAND Flash管理算法

本文提出了一种基于虚拟页地址映射的NAND Flash管理算法.该算法通过定义坏块表、对应表等结构,以及设计的坏块替换策略和虚拟页地址到实际物理页地址的转换算法,实现上层软件采用虚拟地址对NAND Flash的无坏块连续页地址访问.该算法是一种高效的地址映射算法,能高效地对数据进行索引,占用SRAM空间较少,使系统达到高性能,并使得闪存使用的更加稳定持久.     

实时仿真中的逼真虚拟地球实现

针对虚拟现实中真实感不强的问题,提出了一种具有高精度地表纹理的虚拟地球实现方法,构建了一个地表纹理像素精度高达21 600像素×10 800像素、地球表面轮廓凹凸效果和大气层光晕效果的虚拟地球.采用几何计算来构建地球形状模型,将地球按经纬度分成128块,分别计算每块区域顶点坐标、法向量、纹理坐标;采用混合纹理技术对地表纹理、云层纹理及云层法向量图进行3层纹理混合实现地球表面的云层和轮廓凹凸效果;采用实时移动与放缩带大气层纹理的正方形面板来实现大气光晕效果;采用可见性判断和纹理精度管理的方法,实时判断地球表面区域的可见性、选择不同精度纹理粘贴、剔除不可见区域,减少绘制开销.实验显示,该方法在加载1.02 GB纹理像素的情况下,达到了45帧/s的帧速率.      

航天器嵌入式操作系统研究与设计

随着航天器结构和功能的复杂化,对作为系统资源管理者的操作系统的功能和可靠性等要求也日益增强.分析嵌入式实时操作系统在国内外航天领域的研究与应用现状,提出面向航天器应用特点的具有多任务管理、内存管理、文件系统、容错和故障管理等功能的高可靠、高性能的嵌入式实时操作系统的研究与设计方案,并展望其在未来网络化及分布式安全航天器中的发展前景.     

On the effect of considering more realistic particle shape and mass parameters in MMOD risk assessments

One of the primary mission risks tracked in the development of all spacecraft is that due to micro-meteoroids and orbital debris (MMOD). Both types of particles, especially those larger than 0.1 mm in diameter, contain sufficient kinetic energy due to their combined mass and velocities to cause serious damage to crew members and spacecraft. The process used to assess MMOD risk consists of three elements: environment, damage prediction, and damage tolerance. Orbital debris risk assessments for the Orion vehicle, as well as the Shuttle, Space Station and other satellites use ballistic limit equations (BLEs) that have been developed using high speed impact test data and results from numerical simulations that have used spherical projectiles. However, spheres are not expected to be a common shape for orbital debris; rather, orbital debris fragments might be better represented by other regular or irregular solids. In this paper we examine the general construction of NASA’s current orbital debris (OD) model, explore the potential variations in orbital debris mass and shape that are possible when using particle characteristic length to define particle size (instead of assuming spherical particles), and, considering specifically the Orion vehicle, perform an orbital debris risk sensitivity study taking into account variations in particle mass and shape as noted above. While the results of the work performed for this study are preliminary, they do show that continuing to use aluminum spheres in spacecraft risk assessments could result in an over-design of its MMOD protection systems. In such a case, the spacecraft could be heavier than needed, could cost more than needed, and could cost more to put into orbit than needed. The results obtained in this study also show the need to incorporate effects of mass and shape in mission risk assessment prior to first flight of any spacecraft as well as the need to continue to develop/refine BLEs so that they more accurately reflect the shape and material density variations inherent to the actual debris environment.     

The relationship between plasma effects and cosmic radiation studied with TriTel-LMP measurements during the ESEO mission

The main point of the paper is to use the simultaneous measurements of the energetic particle flux by TriTel and those of electron density by a Langmuir probe to study the question of to what extent solar electromagnetic and corpuscular radiation (galactic cosmic rays, particle precipitation from the radiation belts) are responsible for the ionization of the atmosphere. The electron density measured by the Langmuir probe is the sum of the ionization produced by the solar electromagnetic radiation and that due to the corpuscular radiation. The ionization produced by the solar electromagnetic radiation may be computed. The flux of energetic particles in an energy range may be determined by taking the difference between the threshold energy of the TriTel telescopes and the energy corresponding to the local cut-off rigidity. As the ESEO satellite will have a quasi-polar and circular orbit, the cut-off rigidity will change from low to high latitudes, thus enabling the assignment of different energy bands for the telescopes. Thus, it will be possible to determine which energy bands of particle produce ionization at different latitudes.