阳极层霍尔推力器的阳极分段形式对内磁极刻蚀速率的影响

由于推力器内径向电势和等离子体的分布会影响轰击推力器器壁离子的运动,本文通过阳极的不同分段形式来改变推力器内电势分布,进而研究推力器阳极的不同分段形式对内磁极的刻蚀速率分布。首先利用PIC方法研究入射离子的数量和能量分布,接着对内磁极内表面和上表面的刻蚀速率进行仿真计算。由结果可知：入射到内磁极两个面上的离子数量和能量,都是在三分段阳极时达到最大值,其他三种情况偏低。对于内磁极内表面和上表面的刻蚀速率也是在三分段阳极时最大,其次是单阳极,而二、四分段阳极时的刻蚀速率最小。最后通过单阳极和二分段阳极时刻蚀速率的试验结果对比,验证了此研究结果的正确性,为下一步提高推力器的寿命研究提供了参考数据和研究方法。     

基于Mn3+浓度和形貌控制的高性能LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料

为了改善高电压镍锰酸锂(LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4)材料的电化学性能,提出利用退火热处理过程调控Mn~(3+)含量和材料形貌来制备LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4正极材料。LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4材料的电性能是材料结构、形貌等多因素影响的结果。退火热处理有助于Mn~(3+)氧化成Mn~(4+),实现Mn~(3+)含量调控。退火后材料的空间结构由Fd3m向P4_332转变,且具有微米级多面体形貌,有效提高了循环稳定性和放电平台。研究表明:700℃退火保温15 h合成的材料在20 C下具有118 mAh·g~(-1)放电比容量,循环100次容量保持率提高到92.8%。因此,通过优化Mn~(3+)含量、控制材料形貌可以实现高性能LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4材料制备。     

隐式Runge-Kutta方法在非定常化学非平衡流动中的应用

推导了求解NS方程组的隐式龙格-库塔方法,并从稳定性、精度和效率三方面展开讨论。通过定常和非定常算例对该方法进行验算,分析表明该方法计算结果正确、稳定性好、精度高、效率高,适合求解大型复杂非定常化学非平衡流动。     

Ponderomotive Forces in Cosmos

This review is devoted to ponderomotive forces and their importance for the acceleration of charged particles by electromagnetic waves in space plasmas. Ponderomotive forces constitute time-averaged nonlinear forces acting on a media in the presence of oscillating electromagnetic fields. Ponderomotive forces represent a useful analytical tool to describe plasma acceleration. Oscillating electromagnetic fields are also related with dissipative processes, such as heating of particles. Dissipative processes are, however, left outside these discussions. The focus will be entirely on the (conservative) ponderomotive forces acting in space plasmas. The review consists of seven sections. In Section 1, we explain the rational for using the auxiliary ponderomotive forces instead of the fundamental Lorentz force for the study of particle motions in oscillating fields. In Section 2, we present the Abraham, Miller, Lundin–Hultqvist and Barlow ponderomotive forces, and the Bolotovsky–Serov ponderomotive drift. The hydrodynamic, quasi-hydrodynamic, and ‘`test-particle’' approaches are used for the study of ponderomotive wave-particle interaction. The problems of self-consistency and regularization are discussed in Section 3. The model of static balance of forces (Section 4) exemplifies the interplay between thermal, gravitational and ponderomotive forces, but it also introduces a set of useful definitions, dimensionless parameters, etc. We analyze the Alfvén and ion cyclotron waves in static limit with emphasis on the specific distinction between traveling and standing waves. Particular attention has been given to the impact of traveling Alfvén waves on the steady state anabatic wind that blows over the polar regions (Section~5). We demonstrate the existence of a wave-induced cold anabatic wind. We also show that, at a critical point, the ponderomotive acceleration of the wind is a factor of 3 greater than the thermal acceleration. Section 6 demonstrates various manifestations of ponderomotive forces in the Earth's magnetosphere, for instance the ionospheric plasma acceleration and outflow. The polar wind and the auroral density cavities are considered in relation to results from the Freja and Viking satellites. The high-altitude energization and escape of ions is discussed. The ponderomotive anharmonicity of standing Alfvén waves is analyzed from ground based ULF wave measurements. The complexity of the many challenging problems related with plasma processes near the magnetospheric boundaries is discussed in the light of recent Cluster observations. At the end of Section 6, we consider the application of ponderomotive forces to the diversity of phenomena on the Sun, in the interstellar environment, on newborn stars, pulsars and active galaxies. We emphasize the role of forcing of magnetized plasmas in general and ponderomotive forcing in particular, presenting some simple conceivable scenarios for massive outflow and jets from astrophysical objects.     

掺Ce^3＋的碱土氟化物的紫外发光特性研究

研究了掺杂稀土离子Ce^3＋的碱土氟化物发光体LiXAlF6：Ce^3＋（X=Ca^2＋,Sr^2＋或Ba^2＋）,XBaAlF6：Ce^3＋（X=Li6＋,Na^＋或K^＋）及LiBaXF6：Ce^3＋（X=Al^3＋,Ga^3＋或In^3＋）的紫外发光特性。实验发现,在LiXAlF6=Ce^3＋中,随着X元素原子序数的增大,Ce^3＋的发光峰就向短波方向移动。首次研究了在XBaAlF6：Ce^3＋与LiBaXF6：Ce^3＋中的X元素的一价与三价离子对Ce^3＋发光的影响,发现这些一价与三价离子的原子序数的变化并不影响Ce^3＋的发射光谱的峰值,它们只在晶格中起着填隙和电荷补偿作用,这有利于Ce^3＋的发光,使发光强度有所增强。这些紫外发光可用来增强X射线影像板中所包含的储存辐射的发光体BaFBr：Eu“的发光,使X射线影像板的显像增强。     

浆料浸渍结合反应熔渗法制备2D C/SiC-Zr B_2复合材料

利用XRD,SEM,EDS研究浆料浸渍结合反应熔渗法制备2D C/SiC-ZrB2复合材料的组成与结构,并测定了复合材料的弯曲强度.结果表明:采用单向加压依次渗入ZrB2微粉和酚醛树脂,能很好地将ZrB2微粉和树脂渗入到纤维束间,但熔融Si难以渗入到试样内部,复合材料的开气孔率和室温弯曲强度分别为18.3%和110MPa.采用ZrB2浆料真空浸渍,沉积碳基体后进行熔融渗Si,复合材料的开气孔率和室温弯曲强度分别为5.5%和230MPa.     

锂离子电池技术在航天领域的应用

介绍了锂离子电池的工作原理、性能特点。主要介绍了Ｅａｇｌｅ－Ｐｉｃｈｅｒ、Ｂｌｕｅ－Ｓｔａｒ、Ｙａｒｄｎｅｙ、ＳＯＮＹ、ＳＥＡＦＴ等国外研究机构、电池厂商当前在高功率、大容量和长寿命锂离子电池领域的研究成果及今后的发展方向。     

H+辐照前后C-SiC 涂层的红外吸收光谱研究

对在不锈钢基体上用离子束混合技术沉积的C－SiC涂层，进行了二次离子质谱（SIMS）及傅氏变换红外吸收光谱（FI－IR）的分析。研究了不锈钢基体涂覆H＋辐照前后的氢浓度分布以及H^ 辐照前后涂层的红外光谱振动吸收峰的变化，对SiC涂层阻氢的机理进行了探讨。     

添加剂对反应烧结氮化硅显微结构及性能影响

 本文较系统研究了添加剂si_3N_4、石墨及La_2O_3对反应烧结氮化硅的显微结构和性能影响。探索这些添加剂的作用规律及合适的添加量;探讨了烧结体密度,相组成与强度之间的关系。     

直升机计及诱速分布和挥扭耦合在侧风下的稳定性和操纵性

 旋翼诱速分布不均匀对无铰旋翼直升机的操稳特性是很得要的。文献[1]研究了计及挥扭耦合在涡流诱速场中的无铰直升机的稳定性分析,比较了诱速不均匀和挥扭耦合对稳定性的影响。本文除了应用文献[2]中的诱速不均匀分布以外,还计及了在侧风情况下的挥扭弹性变形耦合对稳定性和操纵性的影响。本文亦考虑了桨叶气动力中心、弹性轴位置和垂心沿展向的分布。