飞行器级间段跨声速脉动压力特性试验

通过脉动压力风洞试验测量，对比分析了跨声速（马赫数介于0.75~1.2）不同锥角和锥长大小的级间段对锥柱外形飞行器局部脉动压力的影响规律。结果表明，肩部脉动压力主要由以低频为主导的激波振荡所致，能量集中在100 Hz左右的窄带区间，且表现为随着马赫数增加，脉动压力系数峰值先增大后减小，并随着肩部激波的后移而不断向后推移。此外，通过对比分析5种不同锥角模型（10°、12.7°、15.3°、20°、25°）的脉动压力系数最大值发现，随着锥角的增加，脉动压力表现出当锥角小于15°时先平缓增加，随着锥角增大脉动压力系数增加幅度进一步加大的趋势。对比分析不同锥长模型的结果发现，锥长对局部脉动压力的最大峰值几乎没有影响，影响的只是脉动压力在肩部作用区域的大小以及峰值出现的马赫数范围，且表现为锥柱级间段越长其作用范围越大，对应于峰值的马赫数区间越宽。     

空间堆核动力技术选择研究

目前,基于太阳能、化学能的空间电源与空间推进技术,其技术能力的发展已接近极限状态,未来亟需开发基于核能的先进空间动力技术。针对低成本空间轨道运输、高功率载荷航天器、深空探测器、行星表面探测与开发等应用场景,以空间堆核电源为重点,分析了国际发展现状和未来航天需求,分别针对大功率(100 kWe～1 MWe)和小功率(1 kWe～10 kWe)应用需求,提出了技术主导方案,围绕主导技术方案梳理了关键技术,为我国空间堆核动力技术发展规划和预先研究提供参考。     

Finite-time composite guidance law with input constraint and dynamics compensation

Guidance laws are proposed for a near space interceptor with on–off type thrust as output. The target-interceptor engagement kinematics is integrated with the first-order dynamics of thruster to design guidance laws. The bang-bang type guidance law with linear sliding mode is proposed to deal with thruster dynamics, and the sufficient condition for finite time convergence is rigorously proved based on the finite-time convergence theory. According to the sufficient condition, a sliding mode guidance law with hysteresis-band switching is introduced to reduce the switching frequency of thruster. Then two guidance laws are combined into a composite guidance law to improve the guidance performance. Simulation results show that the line-of-sight angular rate can converge to a neighborhood of the equilibrium point before the final time of the guidance process, and the composite guidance law has better performance than typical guidance laws.     

一种运载火箭时变结构模态参数辨识的确定性演化方法

针对运载火箭的时变结构模态参数辨识问题进行研究，基于时变自回归滑动平均(TARMA)模型，提出一种时变结构模态参数辨识的确定性演化方法。该方法利用小波基函数的良好局部函数拟合能力，将墨西哥帽小波函数作为TARMA模型时变系数的空间基底，构建了基于小波函数的泛函序列时变自回归滑动平均(FS-TARMA)模型，并发展了两步最小二乘估计方法，实现了时变系数的解耦估计。通过有限单元法，建立了阿里安V号芯级运载火箭时变有限元模型，对所提辨识方法进行了验证，结果表明：墨西哥帽小波基FS-TARMA方法能够有效地辨识系统的时变模态参数；与传统傅里叶基FS-TARMA方法相比，具有更好的辨识精度，并且能够准确地反映出模态局部细节特征。     

Detumbling strategy based on friction control of dual-arm space robot for capturing tumbling target

The rotational motion of a tumbling target brings great challenges to space robot on successfully capturing the tumbling target. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the target’s rotation to a rate at which capture can be accomplished by the space robot. In this paper, a detumbling strategy based on friction control of dual-arm space robot for capturing tumbling target is proposed. This strategy can reduce the target’s rotational velocity while maintaining base attitude stability through the establishment of the rotation attenuation controller and base attitude adjustment controller. The rotation attenuation controller adopts the multi-space hybrid impedance control method to control the friction precisely. The base attitude adjustment controller applies the dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix to stabilize the base attitude. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) The compliant control method is adopted to achieve a precise friction control, which can reduce the target angular velocity steadily; (2) The dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix is applied to stabilize the base attitude without affecting the target capture task; (3) The detumbling strategy of dual-arm space robot is designed considering base attitude stabilization, realizing coordinated planning of the base attitude and the arms. The strategy is verified by a dual-arm space robot with two 7-DOF (degrees of freedom) arms. Simulation results show that, target with a rotation velocity of 20 (°)/s can be effectively controlled to stop within 30 s, and the final deflection of the base attitude is less than 0.15° without affecting the target capture task, verifying the correctness and effectiveness of the strategy. Except to the tumbling target capture task, the control strategy can also be applied to other typical on-orbit operation tasks such as space debris removal and spacecraft maintenance.     

Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.     

基于状态空间模型的无刷直流电机控制器设计

在无刷直流时机的位置伺服系统中，采用了基于状态空间模型的优化设计方法，综合出了次优控制器、建立了广义误差系统状态方程，并利用积分罚函数分段一经法处理伺服系统不等式约束的问题，得出了次优控制算法，经仿真证实，有杉该优化方法设计出的伺服系统的稳态跟踪误差为零；稳成输出不受阶跃干扰的影响；并具有期望的瞬态响应特性。     

应急救生系统逃逸动力装置的性能分析

载人航天中，应急救生分系统是火箭一飞船系统的重要组成部分，以联盟号应急救生系统为例介绍了其组成、工作程序并研究分析了逃逸动力装置──主逃逸发动机和控制发动机的性能参数与逃逸飞行弹道特性之间的相互关系；从逃逸弹道设计技术指标出发来选取动力装置的主要性能参数（推力大小及工作时间）。仿真计算得出了有益的结论。     

半自动担架车的运动仿真

在讨论半自动担架车工作原理的基础上，应用运动学原理将担架车整个运动过程进行了分析。应用矩阵理论对担架车任意位置的13个关键点进行运动求解和运动仿真。     

弱正则空间

本文给出了弱正则空间的定义,并研究了弱正则空间的性质,指出弱正则拓扑是一分离拓扑。