机载GNSS掩星观测反演大气折射率廓线研究

作为星载掩星技术的推广,基于飞机平台的无线电掩星技术备受关注。为了将机栽掩星技术更好地应用到工程实践中,文章通过介绍机载掩星探测的基本原理和主要特点、模拟仿真,对机载掩星的反演算法进行了探讨,并给出模拟结果：包括利用STK仿真软件生成仿真场景;采用3维射线追踪技术模拟机载无线电掩星,预报掩星事件出现的时间、仰角,模拟信号传播特征;详细研究大气层内折射率反演技术并给出反演结果。研究结果表明,模拟仿真对机载掩星工程化实现是有益的。最后展望了机载掩星探测的发展趋势,提出了弱掩星信号的捕获跟踪、飞机平台的精度定位测速以及反射信号的抗干扰三项技术及工程化中需解决的技术难点。     

基于改进引力搜索算法的认知无线网络频谱分配

为了提高认知无线网络频谱资源利用率,提出一种基于改进引力搜索算法的频谱分配方案.该方案将质子位置信息映射为频谱分配变量,提出一种非线性引力衰减因子,以增强算法对于频谱分配可行解的搜索能力.其次,为了保持算法对于频谱分配可行解的最优搜索方向,采用全局最优引导策略为质子增加记忆能力.然后,提出动态高斯扰动策略,随着算法迭代...     

北斗地基增强系统国产民机试飞性能评估

由于GPS在国际上的技术和标准优势,目前在民用航空领域使用的星基导航大多为GPS。随着我国民航领域的蓬勃发展和北斗卫星导航系统宣告全球组网成功,亟需开展北斗地基增强系统在民航领域的应用性能评估,以验证其是否可满足民航飞机对卫星导航系统的要求。针对民航飞机的Ⅰ类精密进近过程,梳理了该航段中国际民航组织对卫星导航系统的性能需求,推导了北斗地基增强系统垂直保护级计算数学模型,制定了搭载试飞试验的加改装方案和飞行科目,在国产某型号民机上开展了北斗地基增强系统搭载试飞试验,并对定位精度和垂直保护级进行了分析评估。结果表明：在搭载试飞试验中,北斗地基增强系统可满足Ⅰ类精密进近对卫星导航系统垂直精度的需求,同时系统不存在告警和误警。     

Solar physics with the Square Kilometre Array

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will be the largest radio telescope ever built, aiming to provide collecting area larger than 1?km². The SKA will have two independent instruments, SKA-LOW comprising of dipoles organized as aperture arrays in Australia and SKA-MID comprising of dishes in South Africa. Currently the phase-1 of SKA, referred to as SKA1, is in its late design stage and construction is expected to start in 2020. Both SKA1-LOW (frequency range of 50–350?MHz) and SKA1-MID Bands 1, 2, and 5 (frequency ranges of 350–1050, 950–1760, and 4600–15,300?MHz, respectively) are important for solar observations. In this paper we present SKA’s unique capabilities in terms of spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution, as well as sensitivity and show that they have the potential to provide major new insights in solar physics topics of capital importance including (i) the structure and evolution of the solar corona, (ii) coronal heating, (iii) solar flare dynamics including particle acceleration and transport, (iv) the dynamics and structure of coronal mass ejections, and (v) the solar aspects of space weather. Observations of the Sun jointly with the new generation of ground-based and space-borne instruments promise unprecedented discoveries.     

Ionospheric responses to the 21 August 2017 great American solar eclipse – A multi-instrument study

Herein, we report on the ionospheric responses to a total solar eclipse that occurred on 21 August 2017 over the US region. Ground-based GPS total electron content (TEC) data along with ground-based measurements (Millstone Hill Observatory (MHO) and digital ionosondes) and space-based measurements (COSMIC radio occultation (RO) technique) allowed us to identify eclipse-associated ionospheric responses. TEC data at ~20°, ~30°, and ~40°N latitudes from the west to east longitudes show not only considerable depression but also wave-like characteristics in TEC both in the path of totality and away from it, exclusively on the day of eclipse. Interestingly, the observed depressions are associated with lesser (higher) magnitudes at stations over which the solar obscuration percentage was meager (significant), a clear indication of bow-wave-like features. The MHO observes a 30% reduction in F₂-layer electron densities between 180 and 220 km on eclipse day. Ionosonde-scaled parameters over Boulder (40.4°N, 100°E) and Austin (30.4°N, 94.4°E) show a significant decrease in critical frequencies while an altitude elevation is seen in the virtual heights of the F-layer only during the eclipse day and that decreases are associated with wave-like signatures, which could be attributed to eclipse-generated waves. The estimated vertical electron density profile from the COSMIC RO-based technique shows a maximum depletion of 40%. Relatively intense and moderate depths of TEC depression, considerable reductions in the F₂-layer electron densities measured by the MHO and COSMIC RO-measured densities at the F₂-layer peak, and elevations in virtual heights and reduction in the critical frequencies measured by ionosondes during the eclipse day could be due to the eclipse-induced dynamical effects such as gravity waves (GWs) and their associated electro-dynamical effects (modification of ionospheric electric fields due to GWs).     

某型无线电高度表灵敏度超差故障分析及排除

针对某型无线电高度表在进行总体测试中经常出现灵敏度超差这一故障现象，对测试原理和工作原理进行分析，并提出利用防泄磁装置对电耦合器进行防护的解决方案。     

超宽带射频仿真系统中的低RCS三轴转台设计

提出了在超宽带射频仿真系统中三轴转台的低RCS设计方法.该方法采用转台机械结构设计、低RCS外形优化分析与测试测量相结合的方式.首先基于低RCS要求及三轴转台的结构特性,对其进行外形优化.通过计算三轴转台的表面感应电流分布,分析三轴转台的强散射区域,并选取相应吸波材料及涂敷方法对三轴转台进行处理.实际测量表明,涂敷吸波材料后三轴转台散射回波幅度显著减小,分布均匀,达到了预设的效果.     

反潜巡逻机布放包围浮标阵应召搜潜建模与仿真

依据经典的浮标应召搜潜方法,结合实际搜潜过程,以某型反潜巡逻机为背景,建立了反潜巡逻机布放圆形阵、方形阵和三角形阵搜潜航路规划的数学模型。对3种阵形的搜潜效能进行分析,仿真了初始距离、潜艇初始位置散布、潜艇经济航速和海洋环境噪声级对浮标阵搜潜效能的影响。仿真结果分析表明:相同条件下,方形阵的搜潜效能要略高于圆形阵和三角形阵的搜潜效能;3种包围阵的搜潜效能均随初始距离、初始位置散布、潜艇经济航速和海洋环境噪声级的增大而降低。     

无线电引信抗海杂波干扰方法

无线电引信抗海杂波的能力决定了舰空导弹无线电引信低空和超低空工作性能,针对海杂波对无线电引信的影响,分析了海面回波的平均功率、海面散射系数、海杂波的多普勒频谱等海杂波特性,提出了无线电引信抗海杂波干扰方法。     

Pulsar radio emission

25 years after their discovery, pulsars still pose fundamental problems, in particular when the whole range of their periodsP is considered: 1.56 ms P0.09 s. This communication reviews my understanding of the pulsar magnetosphere, windzone, and (coherent) radio emission. New are details of the preferred magnetic structure, wind generation, and amplification of the emitted (pseudo) curvature radiation, the inferred brightness of which exceeds that of all other terrestrial and astrophysical sources by many orders of magnitude.