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801.
802.
介绍了卫星惯性姿态敏感器(IAS)的工作原理,分析了惯性姿态敏感器设计及关键技术。通过比较各种惯性姿态敏感器的优缺点,分析了卫星惯性姿态敏感器的发展历程,探讨了卫星用惯性姿态敏感器的发展方向。 相似文献
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805.
M. Puchalska L. Sihver T. Sato T. Berger G. Reitz 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
The radiation environment at the altitude of the International Space Station (ISS) is substantially different than anything typically encountered on Earth in both the character of the radiation field and the significantly higher dose rates. Concerns about the biological effects on humans of this highly complex natural radiation field are increasing due to higher amount of astronauts performing long-duration missions onboard the ISS and especially if looking into planned future manned missions to Mars. In order to begin the process of predicting the dose levels seen by the organs of an astronaut, being the prerequisite for radiation risk calculations, it is necessary to understand the character of the radiation environment both in- and outside of the ISS as well as the relevant contributions from the radiation field to the organ doses. 相似文献
806.
T.P. Dachev 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Space weather and related ionizing radiation has been recognized as one of the main health concerns for the International Space Station (ISS) crew. The estimation of the radiation effect on humans outside the ISS requires at first order accurate knowledge of their accumulated absorbed dose rates, which depend on the global space radiation distribution, solar cycle and local variations generated by the 3D mass distribution surrounding the ISS. The R3DE (Radiation Risks Radiometer-Dosimeter for the EXPOSE-E platform) on the European Technological Exposure Facility (EuTEF) worked successfully outside of the European Columbus module between February 2008 and September 2009. A very similar instrument named R3DR for the EXPOSE-R platform worked outside the Russian Zvezda module of the ISS between March 2009 and August 2010. Both are Liulin-type detectors, Bulgarian-built miniature spectrometer-dosimeters. The acquired approximately 5 million deposited energy spectra from which the flux and absorbed dose rate were calculated with 10 s resolution behind less than 0.41 g cm−2 shielding. This paper analyses the spectra collected in 2009 by the R3DE/R instruments and the long-term variations in the different radiation environments of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), inner radiation belt trapped protons in the region of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) and relativistic electrons from the Outer Radiation Belt (ORB). The R3DE instrument, heavily shielded by the surrounding structures, measured smaller primary fluxes and dose rates from energetic protons from the SAA and relativistic electrons from the ORB but higher values from GCRs because of the contribution from secondary particles. The main conclusion from this investigation is that the dose rates from different radiation sources around the International Space Station (ISS) have a large special and temporal dynamic range. The collected data can be interpreted as possible doses obtained by the cosmonauts and astronauts during Extra Vehicular Activities (EVA) because the R3DE/R instruments shielding is very similar to the Russian and American space suits average shielding (, and ). Fast, active measurements are required to assess accurately the dose accumulated by astronauts during EVA. 相似文献
807.
为提高导航卫星精密定轨与轨道预报精度,提出了一种导航卫星太阳光压摄动的分析建模方法.相较于其他摄动因素模型完善且精度较高,光压摄动由于太阳活动导致太阳能量误差、卫星姿态控制误差和表面材料老化等问题,是最难以精确建模的摄动源,也是动力学模型最大的误差源.基于此,提出了一种基于卫星的姿态控制规律,通过分析法建立卫星太阳光压摄动模型,给出了光压摄动加速度在星体坐标系中的模型,并以GPSBlock IIR为例进行了验证.计算结果表明,该仿真分析法所建立的摄动模型与T30模型、ECOM模型精度接近,达到了光压建模研究的初步计算要求. 相似文献
808.
D. Zhou E. Semones R. Gaza S. Johnson N. Zapp K. Lee T. George 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Radiation in low Earth orbit (LEO) is mainly composed of galactic cosmic rays (GCR), solar energetic particles and particles in SAA (South Atlantic Anomaly). The biological impact of space radiation to astronauts depends strongly on the particles’ linear energy transfer (LET) and is dominated by high LET radiation. It is important to measure the LET spectrum for the space radiation field and to investigate the influence of radiation on astronauts. At present, the preferred active dosimeters sensitive to all LET are the tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) and the silicon detectors in various configurations; the preferred passive dosimeters are CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors (PNTDs) sensitive to high LET and thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) as well as optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) sensitive to low LET. The TEPC, CR-39 PNTDs, TLDs and OSLDs were used to investigate the radiation field for the ISS mission Expedition 13 (ISS-12S) in LEO. LET spectra and radiation quantities (fluence, absorbed dose, dose equivalent and quality factor) were measured for the space mission with different dosimeters. This paper introduces the role of high LET radiation in radiobiology, the operational principles for the different dosimeters, the LET spectrum method using CR-39 detectors, the method to combine the results measured with TLDs/OSLDs and CR-39 PNTDs, and presents the LET spectra and the radiation quantities measured and combined. 相似文献
809.
为了分析电气化铁路高速列车电分相电弧对机场全向信标(VOR)的影响,研究其电磁发射特性。利用电磁干扰接收机与频谱仪,分别以点频和扫频方式,对电气化铁路电分相点和普通点进行了大量辐射测试。分析测试数据的异方差性,改进回归分析方法,拟合出电弧在全向信标频段的幅频特性曲线,分析弓网电弧电磁辐射对机场全向信标的影响。结果表明:电分相电磁辐射是随机的,在电分相处比普通点大;现代电气化铁路高速列车经过电分相的测试数据异方差性比较明显,普通的最小二乘估计方法不适用;当电气化铁路电分相点与飞机距离小于4.944 km时,可能会对VOR信号产生影响。 相似文献
810.
采用正交试验设计方法进行排气系统红外辐射(IR)特征数值模拟算例的设计,研究了二元收扩喷管(2D-CD)喉部宽高比、喉部型面半径比、收敛半角和扩张半角等参数对排气系统红外辐射特征的影响,并且开展了参数对排气系统红外辐射特征影响灵敏度的分析。结果表明:扩张半角是影响二元排气系统红外辐射特征空间范围最宽的参数,收敛半角主要影响尾向10°~30°范围的红外辐射特征,喉部宽高比主要影响正尾向0°和侧向90°的红外辐射特征,喉部型面半径比对红外辐射特征的影响较小;二元排气系统不同方向上红外辐射特征的最主要影响参数不同,正尾向0°方向上的最主要影响参数是喉部宽高比,侧向90°方向上的最主要影响参数按影响程度大小排序依次为扩张半角、喉部宽高比。 相似文献