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421.
Michael Meindl Gerhard BeutlerDaniela Thaller Rolf DachAdrian Jäggi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Time series of geocenter coordinates were determined with data of two global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs), namely the U.S. GPS (Global Positioning System) and the Russian GLONASS (Global’naya Nawigatsionnaya Sputnikowaya Sistema). The data was recorded in the years 2008–2011 by a global network of 92 permanently observing GPS/GLONASS receivers. Two types of daily solutions were generated independently for each GNSS, one including the estimation of geocenter coordinates and one without these parameters. 相似文献
422.
Salvatore Mancuso Alessandro Bemporad 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
We report on the analysis of two fast CME-driven shocks observed with the UltraViolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The first event, detected on 2002 March 22 at 4.1 R⊙ with the UVCS slit placed in correspondence with the flank of the expanding CME surface, represents the highest UV detection of a shock obtained so far with the UVCS instrument in the corona. The second one, detected on 2002 July 23 at 1.6 R⊙ with the UVCS slit placed in correspondence with the front of the expanding CME surface, shows an anomalous deficiency of ion heating with respect to what observed in previous CME/shocks observed by UVCS, possibly reflecting the effect of different coronal plasma conditions over the solar cycle. From the two different sets of observations we derived an estimate for the shock compression ratio X, which turns out to be X = 2.4 ± 0.2 and X = 2.2 ± 0.1, respectively, for the first and second event. Comparison between the two events provides complementary perspectives on the dynamical evolution of CME-driven shocks. 相似文献
423.
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425.
Ch. Hubaux A.-S. Libert N. Delsate T. Carletti 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Solar radiation pressure affects the evolution of high area-to-mass geostationary space debris. In this work, we extend the stability study of Valk et al. (2009) by considering the influence of Earth’s shadows on the short- and long-term time evolutions of space debris. To assess the orbits stability, we use the Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO), which is an efficient numerical tool to distinguish between regular and chaotic behaviors. To reliably compute long-term space debris motion, we resort to the Global Symplectic Integrator (GSI) of Libert et al. (2011) which consists in the symplectic integration of both Hamiltonian equations of motion and variational equations. We show how to efficiently compute the MEGNO indicator in a complete symplectic framework, and we also discuss the choice of a symplectic integrator, since propagators adapted to the structure of the Hamiltonian equations of motion are not necessarily suited for the associated variational equations. The performances of our method are illustrated and validated through the study of the Arnold diffusion problem. We then analyze the effects of Earth’s shadows, using the adapted conical and cylindrical Earth’s shadowing models introduced by Hubaux et al. (2012) as the smooth shadow function deriving from these models can be easily included into the variational equations. Our stability study shows that Earth’s shadows greatly affect the global behaviour of space debris orbits by increasing the size of chaotic regions around the geostationary altitude. We also emphasize the differences in the results given by conical or cylindrical Earth’s shadowing models. Finally, such results are compared with a non-symplectic integration scheme. 相似文献
426.
Ts.N. Gogosheva V.N. Grigorieva Ts.T. Evgenieva B.D. Mendeva N.I. Kolev D.G. Krastev B.H. Petkov 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
This presentation deals with the recent investigations of the dynamics of the total ozone content (TOC) and of the lower troposphere ozone over Bulgaria, South-Eastern Europe. 相似文献
427.
L. Strachan Y-K. Ko A. V. Panasyuk D. Dobrzycka J. L. Kohl M. Romoli G. Noci S. E. Gibson D. A. Biesecker 《Space Science Reviews》1999,87(1-2):311-314
We constrain coronal outflow velocity solutions, resolved along the line-of-sight, by using Doppler dimming models of H I Lyman alpha and O VI 1032/1037 Å emissivities obtained with data from the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on SOHO. The local emissivities, from heliocentric heights of 1.5 to 3.0 solar radii, were determined from 3-D reconstructions of line-of-sight intensities obtained during the first Whole Sun Month Campaign (10 August to 8 September 1996). The models use electron densities derived from polarized brightness measurements made with the visible light coronagraphs on UVCS and LASCO, supplemented with data from Mark III at NCAR/MLSO. Electron temperature profiles are derived from 'freezing-in' temperatures obtained from an analysis of charge state data from SWICS/Ulysses. The work concentrates on neutral hydrogen outflow velocities which depend on modeling the absolute coronal H I Lyα emissivities. We use an iterative method to determine the neutral hydrogen outflow velocity with consistent values for the electron temperatures derived from a freezing-in model. 相似文献
428.
429.
T.P. Dachev J. Semkova B. Tomov Yu. Matviichuk Pl. Dimitrov R. Koleva St. Malchev G. Reitz G. Horneck G. De Angelis D.-P. Häder V. Petrov V. Shurshakov V. Benghin I. Chernykh S. Drobyshev N.G. Bankov 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
Long-term analysis of data from two radiation detection instruments on the International Space Station (ISS) shows that the docking of the Space Shuttle drops down the measured dose rates in the region of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) by a factor of 1.5–3. Measurements either by the R3DE detector, which is outside the ISS at the EuTEF facility on the Columbus module behind a shielding of less than 0.45 g cm−2, and by the three detectors of the Liulin-5 particle telescope, which is inside the Russian PEARS module in the spherical tissue equivalent phantom behind much heavier shielding demonstrate that effect. Simultaneously the estimated averaged incident energies of the incoming protons rise up from about 30 to 45 MeV. The effect is explained by the additional shielding against the SAA 30–150 MeV protons, provided by the 78 tons Shuttle to the instruments inside and outside of the ISS. An additional reason is the ISS attitude change (performed for the Shuttle docking) leading to decreasing of dose rates in two of Liulin-5 detectors because of the East–West proton fluxes asymmetry in SAA. The Galactic Cosmic Rays dose rates are practically not affected. 相似文献
430.
R. A. Mewaldt 《Space Science Reviews》2006,124(1-4):303-316
Recent progress in measuring the composition and energy spectra of solar energetic particles (SEPs) accelerated by CME-driven
shocks is reviewed, including a comparison of the observed charge-to-mass dependence of breaks in SEP spectra with model predictions.
Also discussed is a comparison of SEP and CME kinetic energies in seventeen large SEP events, and estimates of the SEP radiation
dose that astronauts would be subject to once they venture outside the protective cover of Earth’s magnetosphere. 相似文献