基于配点法的轨道在线优化方法研究

针对传统轨道优化方法无法应用于轨道在线优化的问题,提出了三阶辛普森配点法结合乘子法求解轨道在线优化问题的方法.首先建立变轨的最优化模型;然后,用三阶辛普森配点法将该最优控制问题转化为受约束的非线性规划问题;最后,采用增广拉格朗日乘子法对转化得来的受约束的非线性规划问题进行求解.仿真结果表明,所提出的方法可以得到高精度的轨道优化结果,并且对状态量和控制量的初值选取不敏感,且仿真具有实时性,计算速度快,可以达到在线进行轨道优化的要求.     

天基对地打击武器空间机动过程分析

天基对地打击武器是一种新的战略威慑力量,与地基发射的武器相比具有自己独特的优势。首先通过对天基武器作战过程的分析,得出在轨机动是实现天基快速对地打击的关键的结论;而后建立了天基平台的轨道面机动与相位机动的数学模型。在上述研究的基础上,通过数学仿真分析了轨道机动对打击时间的影响,得到了一些有用的基本结论。     

Input Parameters for Models of Energetic Electrons Fluxes at the Geostationary Orbit

The results of cross-correlation analysis between electrons fluxes (with energies of > 0.6MeV, > 2.0 MeV and > 4.0MeV), geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters are shown in the paper. It is determined that the electron fluxes are controlled not only by the geomagnetic indices, but also by the solar wind parameters, and the solar wind velocity demonstrates the best relation with the electron fluxes. Numerical value of the relation efficiency of external parameters with the highly energetic electrons fluxes shows a periodicity. It is presented here the preliminary results of daily averaged electrons fluxes forecast for a day ahead on the basis of the model of neuron networks.     

V型轮控系统卫星东西位置保持策略优化方法研究

以某在轨GEO卫星为研究对象,探讨了适用于V型轮控系统特点的东西位置保持策略．首先分析了V型轮控系统的工作原理,提出了轮控过程中推力器效率的标定方法和喷气卸载对轨道影响的数学模型;然后深入分析了轮控过程中姿态控制对卫星东西位置保持环及偏心率的影响,提出了延长位保周期的控制策略,并在实际任务中获得了较好的效果．     

基于广义正则化最小二乘的天基测向初定轨

传统天基测向初定轨的不足,主要是由于观测数据存在系统误差和观测方程组的系数矩阵病态或不可逆。文章建立观测方程的半参数回归模型,提出基于补偿最小二乘估计和岭估计的广义正则化最小二乘估计,推导了估计公式,并证明了相关统计性质。引入选主列Givens-QR分解算法,提高观测方程求解效率和数值计算稳定性。仿真结果表明:该方法应用于天基测向初定轨可行,可以提高定轨精度和解算成功率。     

Exploration life support technology challenges for the Crew Exploration Vehicle and future human missions

As NASA implements the U.S. Space Exploration Policy, life support systems must be provided for an expanding sequence of exploration missions. NASA has implemented effective life support for Apollo, the Space Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS) and continues to develop advanced systems. This paper provides an overview of life support requirements, previously implemented systems, and new technologies being developed by the Exploration Life Support Project for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) and Lunar Outpost and future Mars missions. The two contrasting practical approaches to providing space life support are (1) open loop direct supply of atmosphere, water, and food, and (2) physicochemical regeneration of air and water with direct supply of food. Open loop direct supply of air and water is cost effective for short missions, but recycling oxygen and water saves costly launch mass on longer missions. Because of the short CEV mission durations, the CEV life support system will be open loop as in Apollo and Space Shuttle. New life support technologies for CEV that address identified shortcomings of existing systems are discussed. Because both ISS and Lunar Outpost have a planned 10-year operational life, the Lunar Outpost life support system should be regenerative like that for ISS and it could utilize technologies similar to ISS. The Lunar Outpost life support system, however, should be extensively redesigned to reduce mass, power, and volume, to improve reliability and incorporate lessons learned, and to take advantage of technology advances over the last 20 years. The Lunar Outpost design could also take advantage of partial gravity and lunar resources.     

“风云一号”气象卫星

本文叙述了中国第一颗气象卫星“风云一号”。这是一颗试验气象卫星,重750公斤,其主体为1.40米×1.40米×1.20米的六面体,连同太阳电池阵共展宽8.60米,高1.76米。运行在太阳同步轨道,高度900公里,倾角99°,每天绕地球运行14圈。地面接收到高质量的图象资料和轨道空间的辐射环境资料。     

北斗系统地固系自主定轨算法

为避免传统惯性系自主定轨算法中的多次坐标转换,针对地固系分布式自主定轨算法原理及其中的关键技术开展研究。给出在地固系中进行自主星历生成的总体框图,推导了地固系自主定轨算法的基本方程,提出一种新的以地固系位置速度为状态量的状态转移矩阵解析计算方法并分析其计算量,证明了地固系自主定轨算法可以进一步降低定轨算法复杂度,且无需上注地球定向参数进行坐标转换。使用仿真数据和真实在轨测量数据的测试结果表明,提出的地固系分布式自主定轨算法与传统算法定轨精度相当,说明了所提算法的可行性,验证了星载自主定轨原型软件的有效性。     

LEO卫星网络的切换策略及性能分析

采用Dijkstra算法,分析了低轨(LEO)卫星网络的距离最短、时延最小、跳数最小、持续时间最长等典型路由切换策略,并比较了性能。在综合考虑切换性能和时延等指标的基础上,提出了一种持续时间最长和时延最小组合,以及完全路由重构与部分路由重构结合的混合切换策略。各切换策略性能比较的结果表明,该混合切换策略的性能较优。     

嫦娥一号月球探测卫星轨道设计

嫦娥一号卫星航天使命的主要科学目标是对月球及月地空间进行多种遥感探测,航天使命设计的主要和基本的部分是卫星飞行轨道的设计,其中包括在飞行过程中的轨道控制策略的设计。嫦娥一号的这条飞行轨道由三大部分组成:第一部分是绕地飞行的调相轨道,它们由周期为16h、24h、48h的三段轨道组成;第二部分是关键的地月转移轨道;第三部分是200km高度绕月飞行的使命轨道。文章给出了整个飞行轨道的设计思想。