异常值和未知观测噪声鲁棒的非线性滤波器

针对含异常观测值的非线性系统滤波问题,以Huber损失函数替代推导滤波器最大后验准则中观测误差的l₂范数,构造出了一种新的优化准则函数,从而给出了一种对异常值鲁棒的非线性后验线性化滤波器。分析表明：由于Huber损失函数兼具l₁和l₂范数的性质,从而使得由这个新准则推导出的滤波器,不仅具有l₂范数的低误差拟合性,也具备l₁范数对异常值的鲁棒性。而当观测噪声的分布未知时,通过引入箱线图法检测异常值,并对噪声统计分布的参数进行估计,进一步提出了对异常值和未知观测噪声分布鲁棒的非线性后验线性化滤波器。仿真实验验证了分析结果的有效性,并表明本文算法的性能优于现有文献报道的非线性滤波算法。     

交互式棱柱网格生成中翘曲现象形成机制及消除算法

在基于径向基函数插值的交互式棱柱网格生成中,当物面网格单元空间法矢变化范围较大或变化剧烈时,棱柱网格生成会发生翘曲问题,降低棱柱网格质量。针对该问题,首先采用DLR-F6机翼外形算例对翘曲现象进行了介绍和初步分析,并结合平板外形棱柱网格生成,通过不同波长推进位移扰动模拟法矢变化对推进位移的影响,研究棱柱网格翘曲现象的形成机制。不同位移扰动下平板棱柱网格生成结果证实边界棱线网格点推进位移不光滑会通过空间插值放大,引起棱柱网格发生翘曲,且网格翘曲的表现形式与推进位移的分布有关。从而间接表明棱柱网格生成中翘曲现象是由法矢变化带来推进位移分布不光滑引起的。然后从翘曲现象的形成机制出发,基于拉普拉斯方法发展了推进位移光顺技术,并通过DLR-F6机翼算例进行了验证。测试结果表明,光顺技术能够完全消除棱柱网格的翘曲,获得光顺的高质量棱柱网格。最后通过DLR-F6翼身组合体外形棱柱网格生成,展示了添加光顺技术的棱柱网格生成算法的应用潜力。     

基于自动核构造高斯过程的导弹气动性能预测

在导弹的初期设计阶段,通常需要对导弹的气动性能进行快速粗略评估。针对传统工程估算软件计算精度低和CFD方法计算代价大的缺陷,提出一种基于高斯过程回归（GPR）代理模型快速预测典型导弹气动性能的方案。以导弹外形参数和攻角作为模型输入,升力系数、阻力系数和力矩系数作为模型输出,对GPR模型的气动性能预测结果进行分析。首先,与其他常用代理模型的预测精度对比,GPR模型对3种系数的预测误差分别仅为0.24%、0.36%和0.36%,高于其他代理模型的预测精度。其次,考虑GPR模型核函数选择严重依赖人工先验知识的问题,采用了一种自动核构造算法,无需先验知识即可从数据中自动学习核函数。将该算法嵌入GPR框架中,与传统GPR模型比较,实验结果表明：基于该算法的GPR模型对3种系数的预测误差分别降低到0.10%、0.22%和0.17%。最后,给出导弹气动性能快速预测的应用实例,结果表明所提出的GPR模型的导弹气动性能预测方案是有效的,能够满足设计初期快速且精确的气动性能预测需求。     

电动力绳系研究进展

介绍了电动力绳系的主要构造及工作原理,回顾了国内外关于电动力绳系的研究历程,并总结了相关在轨试验进展情况。从绳系模型、轨道动力学以及绳系展开动力学与控制等几个方面对电动力绳系进行了分析,最后对电动力绳系技术未来的发展和应用做了展望。     

基于支持向量机的无参考遥感图像质量评价方法

针对遥感图像主观评价方法的低效率以及常用客观评价方法无法充分考虑人眼对图像的感知特性的问题,文章提出了一种基于支持向量机的无参考遥感图像质量（quality）评价方法。首先建立遥感图像主观评价库,然后在不需要图像失真信息的基础上,利用支持向量机（SVM）将图像的失真类型分为三类,并对每类进行单项评价,再通过加权得到遥感图像的总评分,最后将本文方法、信噪比与信息熵的评价结果回归到主观评价空间并进行对比。实验证明,文章所提方法能客观地评价遥感图像的质量,且优于信噪比和信息熵两种质量评价方法,其结果与人眼视觉感受相符。     

航天器总装过程的质量控制方法

为实现航天器零缺陷的质量管理目标,文章在梳理出导致航天器总装过程质量异常的工艺、操作、设备及材料等方面原因和总装生产流程优化的基础上,应用风险控制理论对各单步工序进行风险点识别和评估,使用多品种、小批量质量统计方法进行过程质量闭环控制,使得航天器总装生产质量得以有效提高。     

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis on Influence of Revolution Radius in Orbital Drilling

Revolution radius is one of the significant parameters in orbital drilling,which has great influence on many factors,such as the cutting area of front and side cutting edge,undeformed chip geometry,delamination and burr at hole exit side,hole surface roughness,cutting tool force and deflection,chip removal and heat transmission.First,the influence of revolution radius on the factors is discussed theoretically in detail.Analysis results show that big revolution radius can reduce axial cutting force,restrain exit delamination and burr,and improve chip removal and heat transmission.Then,single factor test and orthogonal test are utilized in the two processing methods as machining unidiameter holes with several cutting tools and machining different diameter holes with one tool.Finally,the influence of revolution radius on cutting force and hole machining precision is studied.These results provide a profound foundation for future optimization of cutting control parameters.     

Chaos and its avoidance in spinup dynamics of an axial dual-spin spacecraft

Attitude dynamics of a dual-spin spacecraft (DSSC) and a torque-free angular motion of a coaxial bodies system are considered. Some regimes of the heteroclinic chaos are described. The local chaotization of the DSSC is investigated at the presence of polyharmonic perturbations and small nutation restoring/overturning torques on the base of the Melnikov method and Poincaré Maps. Reasons of the chaotic regimes initiation at the spinup maneuver realization are studied. An approach for the local heteroclinic chaos escape/avoidance at the modification of the classical spinup maneuver is suggested.     

Statistical properties of fatigue damage of Gaussian random loadings

Firstly, the fatigue damages associated with the random loadings were always deemed as high-cycle or very-high-cycle fatigue problems, and based on Chebyshev theorem, the number of rainflow cycles in a given time interval could be recognized as a constant by neglecting its randomness. Secondly, the randomness of fatigue damage induced by the distribution of rainflow cycles was analyzed. According to central limit theorem, the fatigue damage could be assumed to follow Gaussian distribution, and the statistical parameters: mean and variance, were derived from Dirlik's solution. Finally, the proposed method was used to a simulate Gaussian random loading and the measured random loading from an aircraft. Comparisons with observed results were carried out extensively. In the first example, the relative errors of the proposed method are 2.29%, 3.52% and 1.16% for the mean, standard deviation and variation coefficient of fatigue damage, respectively. In the second example, these relative errors are 11.70%, 173.32% and 18.20%, and the larger errors are attributable to non-stationary state of the measured loading to some extent.      

无源器件无源互调干扰行为建模

无源互调干扰会影响多载波通信卫星的正常工作,是目前卫星通信系统必须考虑的问题之一。由于无源互调干扰问题具有一定的复杂性,无法直接分析无源互调分量,因此需要建立相应的模型进行研究。针对无源互调干扰的频率分布特点,采用双指数函数模型和Volterrra级数模型拟合无源互调干扰,推导并建立了QPSK调制信号的无源互调干扰时序模型。基于MATLAB的仿真结果表明,无源互调干扰分量的理论值频点处都出现了相应峰值,且其幅度值与输入信号中心频率处的幅度值的比例符合理论分析。