The Crab pulsar seen with AquEYE at Asiago Cima Ekar observatory

We are developing fast photon-counter instruments to study the rapid variability of astrophysical sources by time tagging photon arrival times with unprecedented accuracy, making use of a Rubidium clock and GPS receiver. The first realization of such optical photon-counters, dubbed AquEYE (the Asiago Quantum Eye), was mounted in 2008 at the 182 cm Copernicus Observatory in Asiago. AquEYE observed the Crab pulsar several times and collected data of extraordinary quality that allowed us to perform accurate optical timing of the Crab pulsar and to study the pulse shape stability on a timescale from days to years with an excellent definition. Our results reinforce the evidence for decadal stability of the inclination angle between the spin and magnetic axis of the Crab pulsar. Future realizations of our instrument will make use of the Galileo Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time signal.     

星载稀布L阵对地面辐射源的高精度测向研究

在均匀分布和非均匀分布两种情况下,采用二维MUSIC算法研究了星载稀布L阵列的地面辐射源测向精度。对地面辐射源方位估计、小角度辐射源分辨率,以及测向精度的分析和仿真结果表明,星载L型阵列能实现对地面辐射源的高精度二维测向。在相同条件下,非均匀阵的测向性能明显优于均匀阵。     

色高斯噪声背景下相干信源DOA估计

为在色高斯噪声背景下估计相干信源DOA,提出一种基于四阶累积量的相干信源DOA估计算法。对各个阵元接收数据与参考阵元接收数据的四阶累积量进行排列,构造Toeplitz矩阵,该矩阵的秩仅等于信号个数,而与信号间的相干性无关。通过特征值分解得到信号子空间和噪声子空间,从而实现相干信源DOA估计。仿真实验结果表明,在色高斯噪声背景下,此算法能有效地估计出相干信源的DOA,并且相对于空间平滑算法具有更好的估计性能。     

基于周期谱相关的扩频信号时差估计

周期谱相关时差估计法具有较强的抑制噪声和干扰的能力,适应于低信噪比的情况,但其抗噪声和干扰能力完全在于循环频率的选择.提出了运用周期谱特性选择扩频信号循环频率的方法,大大降低了谱相关时差估计算法的计算量.仿真结果表明,该方法是切实可行的.     

基于labview的冷弯型钢机组力学性能测量系统

根据冷弯型钢机组的实际条件,利用传感器电测法来测量冷弯型钢机组的力能参数系统,以建立对机组的轧制力、主轴扭矩及转速的实时状态监控.同时实现机组运行时轧制力、主轴扭矩及转速这三部分力能信息的显示和存储,以供调出分析系统性能之用,甚至可以用来进行机械的故障诊断.将物理信号转化为电信号利于传输和数据处理,与虚拟仪器的软件部分...     

Azimuth selection for sea level measurements using geodetic GPS receivers

Based on analysis of Global Positioning System (GPS) multipath signals recorded by a geodetic GPS receiver, GPS Reflectometry (GPS-R) has demonstrated unique advantages in relation to sea level monitoring. Founded on multipath reflectometry theory, sea level changes can be measured by GPS-R through spectral analysis of recorded signal-to-noise ratio data. However, prior to estimating multipath parameters, it is necessary to define azimuth and elevation angle mask to ensure the reflecting zones are on water. Here, a method is presented to address azimuth selection, a topic currently under active development in the field of GPS-R. Data from three test sites: the Kachemak Bay GPS site PBAY in Alaska (USA), Friday Harbor GPS site SC02 in the San Juan Islands (USA), and Brest Harbor GPS site BRST in Brest (France) are analyzed. These sites are located in different multipath environments, from a rural coastal area to a busy harbor, and they experience different tidal ranges. Estimates by the GPS tide gauges at azimuths selected by the presented method are compared with measurements from physical tide gauges and acceptable correspondence found for all three sites.     

Modeling Pulsar Wind Nebulae

In the last few years, new observations by CHANDRA and XMM have shown that Pulsar Wind Nebulae present complex but similar inner features, with the presence of axisymmetric rings and jets, which are generally referred to as a jet-torus structure. Due to the rapid growth in accuracy and robustness of numerical schemes for relativistic fluid-dynamics, it is now possible to model the flow and magnetic structure of the relativistic plasma responsible for the emission. Recent results have clarified how the jet and rings are formed, suggesting that the morphology is strongly related to the wind properties, so that, in principle, it is possible to infer the conditions in the unshocked wind from the nebular emission. I will review here the current status in the modeling of Pulsar Wind Nebulae, and, in particular, how numerical simulations have increased our understanding of the flow structure, observed emission, polarization and spectral properties. I will also point to possible future developments of the present models.     

Crab脉冲星标准脉冲轮廓更新对计时精度的改进

对于脉冲星试验01星的两年实测数据，针对蟹状星云脉冲星星历经历了多次更新的特点，提出了更新标准脉冲轮廓进行X射线计时的改进方法。以一系列观测时长为实测数据分组，再采用改进后的方法进行计时分析并与改进前的结果进行对比。通过对比改进前后的计时结果，发现改进方法得到的计时残差的均方根(root mean square, RMS)平均降低了14.2%，定位精度平均提高了14.4%，估计原子钟相对频率偏差的精度平均提高了26.2%，体现了改进方法处理经历多次星历更新的Crab脉冲星观测数据的合理性和优越性。此外，改进方法对脉冲星试验01星两年观测数据的稳定度σz没有量级上的改进，说明改进方法对Crab脉冲星时间稳定度的影响不大。     

提升彩色电视图像清晰度的方法

比较全面地分析了造成彩色电视图像及图像细节清晰度下降的主要原因,提出了一种提升电视图像清晰度的方法———自适应信号对消法。阐述了自适应提升图像细节清晰度的基本原理,并着重分析了自适应色差信号对消方法和提升图像细节清晰度的理论依据。     

Whistler waves in plasmas with time-varying magnetic field: Laboratory investigation

Modulation of whistler waves in a plasma with time-dependant magnetic field perturbations was investigated experimentally. The experiments were performed on large “Krot” device, which was specially designed to study space plasma physics phenomena. It is shown that magnetic field variations on the wave propagation path can lead to splitting of initially continuous whistler wave into the sequence of bursts, whose repetition rate corresponds to magnetic field perturbation period. The frequency inside each burst is changing from its front edge to the back edge. Relative shift of the wave frequency can be as large as the relative magnetic disturbance. Distortion of whistler wave frequency spectrum after its passing through magnetically disturbed areas can be used as a diagnostics for low-frequency magnetic field variations. The applicability of our laboratory results to space plasma is discussed.