活塞裙部外圆复杂型面在位检测及其误差修正

提出了一种基于Windows环境下的活塞裙部外圆复杂型面在位检测的新方法,并设计了在位检测的软、硬件系统.同时,根据活塞裙部型面的特点,在现有常用误差处理算法的基础上进行了改进,新的误差处理方法具有更强的适用性.     

回流焊温度曲线热容研究

本文全面的分析了回流焊温度曲线在回流焊工艺中的作用，回流焊工艺的工艺特点、影响回流焊温度曲线的各种因素。如何从热容的思想建立回流焊温度曲线的方法？如何调整温度曲线通过控制温度曲线改善工艺过程，减少回流焊工艺的缺陷？     

Physiologic and metabolic responses of wheat seedlings to elevated and super-elevated carbon dioxide

The metabolic consequence of suboptimal (400 μmol mol⁻¹ or ppm), near-optimal (1500 ppm) and supra-optimal (10,000 ppm) atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO₂] was investigated in an attempt to reveal plausible underlying mechanisms for the differential physiological and developmental responses to increasing [CO₂]. Both non-targeted and targeted metabolite profiling by GC–MS and LC–MS were employed to examine primary and secondary metabolites in wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv Yocoro rojo) continuously exposed to these [CO₂] levels for 14, 21 and 28 days. Metabolite profile was altered by both [CO₂] and physiological age. In general, plants grown under high [CO₂] exhibited a metabolite profile characteristic of older plants under ambient CO₂. Elevated [CO₂] resulted in higher levels of phosphorylated sugar intermediates, though no clear trend in the content of reducing sugars was observed. Transient starch content was enhanced by increasing [CO₂] to a much greater extent at 10,000 ppm CO₂ than at 1500 ppm CO₂. The percentage increase of starch content resulting from CO₂ enrichment declined as plants develope. In contrast, elevated [CO₂] promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites (flavonoids) progressively to a greater extent as plants became mature. Elevated [CO₂] to 1500 ppm induced a higher initial growth rate, while super-elevated [CO₂] appeared to negate such initial growth promotion. However, after 4 weeks, there was no difference in vegetative growth between 1500 and 10,000 ppm CO₂-grown plants, both elevated CO₂ levels resulted in an overall 25% increase in biomass over the control plants. More interestingly, elevated atmospheric [CO₂] reduced evapotranspiration rate (ET), but further increase to the supra-optimal level resulted in increased ET (a reversed trend), i.e. ET at 1500 ppm < ET at 10,000 ppm < ET at 400 ppm. The differential effect of elevated and super-elevated CO₂ on plants was further reflected in the nitrogen dynamics. These results provide the potential metabolic basis for the differential productivity and stomatal function of plants grown under elevated and super-elevated CO₂ levels.     

电极面型对横向激励高气压CO2激光器放电的影响

计算并讨论了均匀场电极中电极板安装结构、电极板厚度对实际电场分布影响。计算表明在基本参数类似的条件下,近罗可夫斯基电极表面电场强度具有17%的非均匀性,但在垂直放电方向的对称面上却有更好的均匀性。对放电区辉光的时间积分照片和像增强型CCD相机记录的瞬态照片进行了分析,结果表明:电极表面的电场强度分布,仅对放电的初始发展具有影响,而放电区中央的电场分布以及预电离强度,对最终放电区的均匀性具有决定性的影响。     

Propagation of interplanetary shocks into the Earth’s magnetosphere

This paper is devoted to the study of propagation of disturbances caused by interplanetary shocks (IPS) through the Earth’s magnetosphere. Using simultaneous observations of various fast forward shocks by different satellites in the solar wind, magnetosheath and magnetosphere from 1995 till 2002, we traced the interplanetary shocks into the Earth’s magnetosphere, we calculated the velocity of their propagation into the Earth’s magnetosphere and analyzed fronts of the disturbances. From the onset of disturbances at different satellites in the magnetosphere we obtained speed values ranging from 500 to 1300 km/s in the direction along the IP shock normal, that is in a general agreement with results of previous numerical MHD simulations. The paper discusses in detail a sequence of two events on November 9th, 2002. For the two cases we estimated the propagation speed of the IP shock caused disturbance between the dayside and nightside magnetosphere to be 590 km/s and 714–741 km/s, respectively. We partially attributed this increase to higher Alfven speed in the outer magnetosphere due to the compression of the magnetosphere as a consequence of the first event, and partially to the faster and stronger driving interplanetary shock. High-time resolution GOES magnetic field data revealed a complex structure of the compressional wave fronts at the dayside geosynchronous orbit during these events, with initial very steep parts (10 s). We discuss a few possible mechanisms of such steep front formation in the paper.     

UML在软件可靠性测试数据自动生成中的运用

为了自动生成实时嵌入式软件的可靠性测试数据,利用UML(统一建模语言)提供的建模机 制,从软件可靠性测试的角度建立use-case剖面、接口模型和测试数据实现模型,然后根 据 这些模型的描述进行随机抽样,自动生成可靠性测试数据.利用该方法能够开发出相应的测 试数据自动生成工具,在软件可靠性测试领域有着较大的实用价值.     

基于任务段的航空发动机载荷谱聚类方法

针对航空发动机飞行任务剖面分类问题,对发动机31个飞行任务剖面进行了聚类分析。选取飞行高度和飞行马赫数作为划分飞行任务剖面的参数, 依据其对应的飞行任务段均值生成聚类散点图,将剖面类型划分为5大类。结果表明:低空低速剖面在无量纲飞行高度为0~0.2、飞行马赫数为0.4~0.6区间,均值最低;高空高速剖面在无量纲飞行高度为1.2~2.2、飞行马赫数为1.0~1.8区间,均值最高;飞行任务剖面在无量纲飞行高度为0.2~1.2、飞行马赫数为0.6~1.0区间内最为集中;针对散点密集区域,可依据剖面特征进一步划分剖面类型;不同剖面间,飞行高度与飞行马赫数差异性强,利于剖面划分,而法向过载与转速差异性小,不利于剖面的划分。所提出的方法可以快速有效的对航空发动机飞行任务剖面进行聚类分析。      

弧线齿面齿轮齿面几何设计及径向齿宽特性

为适应航空领域对面齿轮传动的设计要求,综合弧线齿圆柱齿轮、面齿轮传动的各项优点,提出了弧线齿面齿轮齿面设计并研究了其径向齿宽特性。以端面渐开线齿廓弧线齿圆柱齿轮作为产形齿轮通过包络成形建立面齿轮齿面数学模型;结合齿面方程在MATLAB中进行齿面可视化分析,并通过MATLAB软件的数值计算和CATIA软件的复杂曲面造型实现面齿轮的参数化建模;确立内端根切、外端顶尖对径向有效齿宽的限制条件,计算面齿轮的径向有效齿宽,分析刀具齿轮的齿线圆弧半径和坐标系位置参数对径向有效齿宽的影响。研究表明:当增大齿线的圆弧半径,面齿轮的内径减小,外径、径向有效齿宽均增大;当增大坐标系位置参数,面齿轮的内径、外径均增大,径向有效齿宽减小。      

空空导弹综合环境可靠性试验剖面研究

为有效地进行空空导弹综合环境可靠性试验，根据试验剖面真实性、合理性和典型性的要求，确定导弹挂飞为主要试验阶段。研究了地面和空中两种试验环境中温度应力、振动应力、电应力和湿度等环境参数的确定，并给出了相应的原则或计算公式。最后讨论了试验剖面设计中循环及小周期确定、采用多个试验剖面等其他问题。     

全尺寸全空域高超声速等效模拟器原理及概念设计

利用螺旋波电离加速并获得轴向速度约为5~10 km/s的等离子体束流,再经过电荷交换产生等速的定向高速气流。采用多束并联的工作方式模拟高速中性气流环境,实现对约0.5~3 m2的整个高超声速飞行器横截面积的覆盖,每一束气流的横截面积约为0.031 4 m2,其密度在1015~1021 m-3范围可调。基于多束并联工作原理的模拟器称之为全尺寸全空域等效模拟器,能够用于高超声速飞行器的气动力学、气动加热等的地面研究,所获得的测量数据更加符合实际飞行状态,也可以解决缩比模型实验的相似性原理差异等技术难题。