电子工艺与管理专业教学实践

本文介绍了学院电子工艺与管理试点专业教改的背景、依据及专业教学改革的指导思想和目标,对本专业的教育定位与培养目标、构建理论和实践课程教学体系、改革与建设等环节进行了探索和实践。     

合理优化飞机维修生产计划浅析

对飞机维修而言,不仅需要合适的维修方案,更需要恰当地安排生产计划.随着国内航空公司规模的不断扩大,机队的不断发展,生产计划的合理优化也愈加突显其重要性.本文通过建立生产计划的优化模型,结合航空公司的实例,选取新增维修基地选址和年度C检计划优化两个方面进行简要介绍.     

应用于卫星自主任务调度的改进遗传算法

针对具有侧摆能力的对地观测卫星的自主任务调度问题,对卫星自主任务调度问题和约束条件进行了描述,针对卫星自主任务调度NP-hard的特点,构建了基于目标收益及多约束卫星任务调度模型。设计了一种改进的遗传算法,从遗传操作的各个部分进行算法优化。首先将小区间法应用于初始种群生成,保证了种群的多样性,并且交叉和变异算子均引入自适应概率;同时采用两代竞争技术来避免“早熟”现象,提高算法的效率和鲁棒性。算法还采用最优保留策略用来保存进化中的最优解,使得算法收敛于全局最优。对局部多冲突观测任务应用该改进遗传算法,并针对区域密集目标的观测问题设计了仿真试验,与传统模拟退火算法及免疫蚁群遗传混合算法进行了比较,验证了该算法的有效性和收敛效果。     

基于时间触发的1553B总线实时调度设计

为了优化1553B总线传输性能,降低总线消息传输的等待时间,提高总线带宽利用率和紧急消息响应的实时性,对1553B总线调度方法进行了研究,将周期性调度和抢占式调度策略相结合,设计了一种基于时间触发的1553B总线实时调度方法。在时间触发的基准下按优先级对总线消息进行集中调度,总线帧在总线上传输的时间内,处理器无需等待,可以继续处理其他任务。利用总线数据区分区的特性,设计了紧急消息打断普通总线消息传输的抢占式调度策略,避免了非重要数据较长时间占用总线通信信道,使得紧急消息能够快速响应。试验结果表明,该调度方法实现了总线消息尽最大能力传输,不仅能够较大幅度地提高1553B总线传输效率和带宽利用率,而且紧急消息的响应时间稳定在2ms以内,为紧急消息的实时响应提供了保证。     

Canadian advanced life support capacities and future directions

Canada began research on space-relevant biological life support systems in the early 1990s. Since that time Canadian capabilities have grown tremendously, placing Canada among the emerging leaders in biological life support systems. The rapid growth of Canadian expertise has been the result of several factors including a large and technically sophisticated greenhouse sector which successfully operates under challenging climatic conditions, well planned technology transfer strategies between the academic and industrial sectors, and a strong emphasis on international research collaborations. Recent activities such as Canada’s contribution of the Higher Plant Compartment of the European Space Agency’s MELiSSA Pilot Plant and the remote operation of the Arthur Clarke Mars Greenhouse in the Canadian High Arctic continue to demonstrate Canadian capabilities with direct applicability to advanced life support systems. There is also a significant latent potential within Canadian institutions and organizations with respect to directly applicable advanced life support technologies. These directly applicable research interests include such areas as horticultural management strategies (for candidate crops), growth media, food processing, water management, atmosphere management, energy management, waste management, imaging, environment sensors, thermal control, lighting systems, robotics, command and data handling, communications systems, structures, in-situ resource utilization, space analogues and mission operations. With this background and in collaboration with the Canadian aerospace industry sector, a roadmap for future life support contributions is presented here. This roadmap targets an objective of at least 50% food closure by 2050 (providing greater closure in oxygen, water recycling and carbon dioxide uptake). The Canadian advanced life support community has chosen to focus on lunar surface infrastructure and not low Earth orbit or transit systems (i.e. microgravity applications). To advance the technical readiness for the proposed lunar missions, including a lunar plant growth lander, lunar “salad machine” (i.e. small scale plant production unit) and a full scale lunar plant production system, a suite of terrestrial developments and analogue systems are proposed. As has been successfully demonstrated by past Canadian advanced life support activities, terrestrial technology transfer and the development of highly qualified personnel will serve as key outputs for Canadian advanced life support system research programs. This approach is designed to serve the Canadian greenhouse industry by developing compliance measures for mitigating environmental impact, reducing labour and energy costs as well as improving Canadian food security, safety and benefit northern/remote communities.     

挠性加表摆片批产高精度保证技术

针对批产加工中高精度薄壁摆片变形大,形位精度难以保证设计要求问题,通过采取减少薄弱部位装夹次数,严格控制装夹方式,对关键技术进行有限元深入分析,优化加工参数,调整配合孔轴位置尺寸等多种技术措施,最大程度减少了整个工艺过程中对基准精度的破坏,避免了配合极限效应的产生,提高了加工合格率,保证了批产高精度和装配互换性要求。     

型号批生产工艺管理的几点思考

针对航天型号批生产任务数量多、任务重、周期短等特点,论述了批生产过程中开展工艺管理工作的一些思路,并探讨了型号批生产工艺管理对于提高生产效率和产品质量的意义。     

多星任务规划中的FFFS-DTMB与ADTPC-DTMB算法

 多星对地观测任务规划是一类典型组合优化问题,针对该问题中常见的时间窗口冲突问题,根据同一时间窗口内的冲突任务的处理方式提出了两种有效处理此类问题的规划算法：带有冲突任务时间窗口后移的先完成先规划算法(FFFS DTMB)以及冲突任务共存性判断算法(ADTPC DTMB),并给出了关键步骤的算法过程与伪代码。完整的卫星任务规划过程包括了约束检查、优先级检查以及任务规划,不考虑任务间关系与优先级,主要研究处理具有时间窗口冲突的任务规划算法。文中给出的两种算法优化目标均为最大化规划任务数量。算法的主要思路是通过采用一个冲突任务替换一个已规划的任务,并将替换任务后移至下一时间窗口或在同一时间窗口内部后移。最终的评价结果显示了两种算法的有效性。     

一种基于偏好MOEA的卫星地面站资源多目标优化算法

随着中国航天事业的发展,卫星地面站资源匮乏问题日益突出,需要对其进行统筹优化使用。因此,卫星地面站资源规划问题得到了广泛关注。在分析问题特点的基础上,对用户规划结果的偏好信息进行建模表达,建立了涵盖用户偏好的多目标数学规划模型,提出了基于偏好多目标进化算法的卫星地面站资源规划算法。为了进一步提升算法性能,设计了基于领域知识的启发式策略,包括：任务扩充策略、冲突消解策略以及任务缩减策略等。实验结果表明,与现有算法相比,用户偏好信息的引入能有效提升问题求解针对性,在IGD-CF （Inverted Generational Distance based on Composite Front）指标上取得了更好的效果。     

加强机务班组建设

一线机务班组是机务系统中的最基层组织,为保证航空安全必须使一线机务班组的管理具有有效性,以使团队在职业道德、工作效率、效益成果等有较为突出的表现。并使班组成员通过有效地管理个人能力得到提升,在团队中找到归属感与成就感。