X-ray bursts associated with envelope expansion

The precursor associated with a long X-ray burst is interpreted in terms of the stellar envelope expansion. The mass flow driven by the radiation pressure in excess of the local Eddington limit and the grey atmosphere model correctly describe the burst profiles in different energy ranges.     

3D打印用硅基陶瓷前驱体研究进展北大核心CSCD

聚合物前驱体转化法可使用聚合物的成型加工工艺实现陶瓷材料的加工制备,在高性能陶瓷和复合材料制备方面显示出独特的优势。3D打印技术在陶瓷前驱体成型中的应用为制备复杂结构陶瓷制件提供了全新的可能。本文从3D打印硅基陶瓷前驱体树脂体系、打印技术及其应用等方面,系统总结了近年来3D打印制备SiCO、SiCN、SiC及含B、Zr等元素硅基陶瓷材料前驱体的研究进展,并进一步指出了3D打印陶瓷前驱体面临的挑战与研究方向。     

Multi precursors analysis associated with the powerful Ecuador (MW = 7.8) earthquake of 16 April 2016 using Swarm satellites data in conjunction with other multi-platform satellite and ground data

After DEMETER satellite mission (2004–2010), the launch of the Swarm satellites (Alpha (A), Bravo (B) and Charlie (C)) has created a new opportunity in the study of earthquake ionospheric precursors. Nowadays, there is no doubt that multi precursors analysis is a necessary phase to better understand the LAIC (Lithosphere Atmosphere Ionosphere Coupling) mechanism before large earthquakes. In this study, using absolute scalar magnetometer, vector field magnetometer and electric field instrument on board Swarm satellites, GPS (Global Positioning System) measurements, MODIS-Aqua satellite and ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) data, the variations of the electron density and temperature, magnetic field, TEC (Total Electron Content), LST (Land Surface Temperature), AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) and SKT (SKin Temperature) have been surveyed to find the potential seismic anomalies around the strong Ecuador (M_w = 7.8) earthquake of 16 April 2016. The four solar and geomagnetic indices: F10.7, D_st, K_p and a_p were investigated to distinguish whether the preliminary detected anomalies might be associated with the solar-geomagnetic activities instead of the seismo-ionospheric anomalies. The Swarm satellites (A, B and C) data analysis indicate the anomalies in time series of electron density variations on 7, 11 and 12 days before the event; the unusual variations in time series of electron temperature on 8 days preceding the earthquake; the analysis of the magnetic field scalar and vectors data show the considerable anomalies 52, 48, 23, 16, 11, 9 and 7 days before the main shock. A striking anomaly is detected in TEC variations on 1 day before earthquake at 9:00 UTC. The analysis of MODIS-Aqua night-time images shows that LST increase unusually on 11 days prior to main shock. In addition, the AOD variations obtained from MODIS measurements reach the maximum value on 10 days before the earthquake. The SKT around epicentral region presents anomalous higher value about 40 days before the earthquake. It should be noted that the different lead times of the observed anomalies could be acknowledged based on a reasonable LAIC earthquake mechanism. Our results emphasize that the Swarm satellites measurements play an undeniable role in progress the studies of the ionospheric precursors.     

不同交联剂对聚硅氧烷裂解产物的影响

分别利用含乙烯基聚硅氧烷(VPSO)和二乙烯基苯(DVB)作为交联剂使含氢聚硅氧烷(HPSO)固化,然后在高温下裂解。采用X射线衍射、红外光谱、元素分析等手段对VPSO/HPSO和DVB/HPSO两个体系的裂解产物进行表征。结果表明,两个体系的裂解产物在结构和成分上有明显不同。比较了两者间的差别,认为裂解产物存在差异的原因是不同交联剂引发交联方式不同,从而导致交联产物结构不同。     

周向畸变条件下压气机失速先兆分布特征

在低速单转子轴流压气机实验台上开展了周向插板式畸变实验研究,通过安装在叶顶前缘的动态压力传感器和转子出口的梳状五孔探针获取不同插板高度下畸变进气失速特性,结合实验及数值模拟,并采用时域分析法和一维连续小波方法对失速先兆传播特性及失速先兆尺度进行了分析。研究结果表明,失速先兆总是在叶顶前缘位置首先出现,然后由叶顶前缘沿轴向传播至转子出口叶顶位置,之后沿径向传播由叶顶向叶根发展直至失速团占据整个径向叶高。同时,随着畸变强度增加,失速先兆传播速度逐渐增加,且尺度不断增大,从突尖型失速先兆变为长尺度型失速先兆。      

光固化巯基-乙烯基硅氮烷陶瓷前驱体制备氮化硅陶瓷

以不同用量的多官能巯基化合物与乙烯基硅氮烷预聚物组成液态光固化体系,经紫外光辐照后固化成聚合物陶瓷前驱体,后经1400℃无压热裂解制备氮化硅。采用热失重（TGA）分析陶瓷前驱体的热解特性,X射线衍射（XRD）分析热解后材料的相组成及晶态结构,场发射枪扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察和表征材料的微观形貌。陶瓷前驱体在热解过程中分别在325—350℃和475—505℃出现两个失重峰,随着体系中巯基化合物含量的增加,前驱体的热解失重率增加,陶瓷收率降低,最终陶瓷的相对密度下降,结晶度增高,晶粒尺寸增大。经1400℃热解15h,得到部分α-Si3N4晶体;热解24h,得到大量α-Si3N4和少量β-Si3N4的材料,在空洞中发现富氮的细长纤状和片状晶体。     

低成本聚硅氧烷制备SiC_f／Si-O-C材料性能研究

以聚硅氧烷为先驱体,采用先驱体转化法制备SiCf/Si-O-C复合材料,同时测试所得复合材料的弯曲强度、韧性、剪切强度、密度、热膨胀系数、导热系数、耐烧蚀性能.结果表明,SiCf/Si-O-C复合材料具有良好的综合性能.对所得材料微观结构进行分析讨论,发现界面结构与致密度是SiCf/Si-O-C复合材料具有高性能的主要原因.     

SiBCN陶瓷前驱体热解机理研究

采用固体NMR和FTIR为主要测试手段对聚硼硅氮烷(PSNB)热解过程中形成的无定型中间体结构进行表征。结合不同温度处理后产物结构的变化将SiBCN前驱体的热解过程分为如下几个阶段:在400℃以下前驱体主要发生转氨基化反应以及Si—H键和N—H键的脱氢耦合反应释放出NH_3和H_2;在400~800℃时,体系中的S—CH_3及其他烃类基团开始发生分子重排并释放出甲烷气体;800~1 000℃,产物进一步发生结构重排形成无定形网络结构。在温度达到1 000℃时体系基本完成陶瓷化转变,此时无定型陶瓷主要由三种成分组成:(1)无定形碳(石墨状);(2)平面BN相;(3)Si—C—N基体(SiC_xN_(4-x)单元,x=0,1,2,3)。     

新型SiOC 陶瓷前驱体的合成及性能

采用四甲基四乙烯基环四硅氧烷(TMTVS)与四甲基环四硅氧烷(TMS)通过阳离子开环聚合反应制备了含Si—H及Si—CH=CH2官能团的聚硅氧烷.用红外、核磁、凝胶渗透色谱及热重分析对该聚硅氧烷进行了表征,结果表明其结构与设计相吻合,其分子量、黏度及Si—H、Si—CH=CH2的比例可以通过改变原料比例来调节.这种新型聚硅氧烷用作SiOC陶瓷前驱体具有低黏度、高陶瓷产率等特点.     

陶瓷前驱体基高温高辐射涂层制备及表征

以陶瓷前驱体树脂为成膜物,以过渡金属氧化物和硼化物为填料,采用空气喷涂工艺在镍基高温合金和C/C基材上制备出了高温散热性能好、抗热震性好的高温高辐射涂层,并用DSC-TG、光学显微镜和风洞对涂层性能进行表征。结果表明:该涂层室温~827℃发射率达到0.85~0.92,827℃~室温抗热震循环20次后涂层不剥离、不脱落;该涂层在290 k W/m2冷壁热流、300 s时长的风洞考核条件下,可将镍基高温合金基材温度从686℃降到646℃,降温40℃。