红外涂层的辐射热转移和选择性辐射

本文通过辐射热转移理论对热基质平面涂层的光谱辐射进行厂分析,并给出了在限定厚度范围内,该涂层光谱辐射的一般方程。由此可以判定在不同基质上,当涂层达到热力学平衡时,其红外辐射是属于黑体辐射或选择性辐射体系。本文同时还讨论了涂层厚度、涂层材料及不同基质性质对红外辐射特性的影响。     

TATB含铝炸药粉反应特性的激波管研究

用自制光谱探测技术和回收技术，在爆炸激该管中研究了铝粉掺入ＴＡＴＢ炸药粉中的快速反应特性。研究表明：随着铝粉含量Ｎ的增加，铝粉的氧化反应和氢化反应加剧，在Ｎ＝３３％时达到最大，继续增加铝粉含量，铝粉反应明显减弱。铝粉的颗粒度为４４μｍ较好。     

Proposal of new models of the bottom-side B0 and B1 parameters for IRI

The time series of hourly electron density profiles N(h) obtained from 27 ionosonde stations distributed world-wide have been used to obtain N(h) average profiles on a monthly basis and to extract the expected bottom-side parameters that define the IRI profile under quiet conditions. The time series embrace the time interval from 1998 to 2006, which practically contains the entire solar cycle 23. The Spherical Harmonic Analysis (SHA) has been used as an analytical technique for modeling globally the B0 and B1 parameters as general functions on a spherical surface. Due to the irregular longitudinal distribution of the stations over the globe, it has been assumed that the ionosphere remains approximately constant in form for a given day under quiet conditions for a particular coordinate system. Since the Earth rotates under a Sun-fixed system, the time differences have been considered to be equivalent to longitude differences. The time dependence has been represented by a two-degree Fourier expansion to model the annual and semiannual variations and the year-by-year analyses of the B0 and B1 have furnished nine sets of spherical harmonic coefficients for each parameter. The spatial–temporal yearly coefficients have been further expressed as linear functions of Rz12 to model the solar cycle dependence. The resultant analytical model provides a tool to predict B0 and B1 at any location distributed among the used range of latitudes (70°N–50°S) and at any time that improves the fit to the observed data with respect to IRI prediction.     

Behavior of the equivalent slab thickness over three European stations

The total electron content (TEC) derived from the global positioning system (GPS) and the F2-layer peak electron density obtained from Digisonde data have been used to study the diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations of the ionospheric equivalent slab thickness (τ) over three European stations located at Pruhonice (50.0°N, 15.0°E), Ebro (40.8°N, 0.5°E) and El Arenosillo (37.1°N, 353.3°E). The diurnal variation of the τ is characterized by daytime values lower than nighttime ones for all seasons at low solar activity while daytime values larger than nighttime characterizes the diurnal variation for summer at high solar activity. A double peak is noticeable at dusk and at dawn, better expressed for winter at low solar activity. The seasonal variations of τ depend on local time and solar activity, the daytime values of τ increases from winter to summer whereas nighttime values of τ show the opposite. The effect of the solar activity on τ depends on local time and season, there being very sensitive for winter nighttime values of τ. The results of this study are compared with those presented by other authors.     

单晶硅超精密车削加工脆塑转变机理及临界切削厚度的研究

通过分析单晶硅的纳米印压试验结果以及显微压痕透射电镜观察结果,并结合尺度效应理论,提出了一种新的单晶硅超精密切削脆塑转变机理,建立了宏微结合的单晶硅超精密切削模型。首次基于理论分析的方法给出了较为精确的单晶硅脆塑转变的临界切削厚度,并通过试验对研究结果给予验证。     

Comparative Study on Super Fine Mesophase Powder and MCMB Used to Manufacture High-Density Isotropic Carbon Bulks

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) and super fine mesophase powder (SFMP) were prepared firstly from a coal tar pitch and then hot-condensed into high-density isotropic carbon (HDIC) bulks under 160 MPa and finally sintered at 1 000 ℃ . By analyzing the ther-mogravimetric behavior of the MCMB and SFMP powders, their volume shrinkage and weight loss during sintering and the bulk density and flexural strengths of their sintered bulks, it was found that the smaller sizes and the richer β-resin contents of SFMP have facilitated formation of sintered bulks with more compact isotropic structure and higher flexural strengths than MCMB. Because of the filling and bonding effects of SFMP on MCMB bulks, addition of SFMP, albeit a little, can greatly increase the flexural strengths of sintered bulks of MCMB. However, adding MCMB, even a slight amount, into SFMP can severely impair the flexural strength of sintered bulks. This might be attributed to both the crack initiation along the boundaries between MCMB and SFMP and the formation of layered texture of MCMB sphere.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 （BLB） glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduction of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.     

稠密气固两相流颗粒质量流量测量方法研究

为解决粉末火箭发动机和粉末冲压发动机供粉系统冷流标定过程中颗粒质量流量的测量问题,提出了一种稠密气固两相流中颗粒质量流量的测量方法,并基于旋风分离器和电子天平运用该方法设计了一套气固两相流中固体质量流量的测量装置,同时运用粉末火箭发动机的供粉系统对该测量方法和装置的测试性能进行了实验验证研究。结果表明:测量装置的粉末收集效率可高达98.5%以上,为固体颗粒的质量流量测量提供了保障;测量方法具有较好的可靠性和测量精度,其测量结果相对误差低于3%;测量方法具有较好的测量稳定性,重复性实验中测量结果相对误差低于2%;通过改变旋风分离器结构设计等参数,可拓宽测量方法的适用范围。     

NOPD颗粒减振机理的理论及实验研究

NOPD(Non-Obstructive Particle Damping)又称粉体阻尼技术,它是 90年代发展起来的一种新的被动减振技术。以两端自由的等截面梁为研究对象,从微小颗粒的摩擦和冲击两个方面建立其减振理论模型,实现对振动响应的数值仿真并进行了实验验证,对 NOPD的减振特性进行了较深入的研究。     

片状粉末冶金的石墨烯/铝基复合材料制备过程控制与力学性能

石墨烯/铝复合材料具有强化效率高、强塑性协同提升、综合性能优异的特点,有望突破现有金属基复合材料强塑性匹配性差的瓶颈问题,但石墨烯的难于分散是困扰材料制备的重要问题。基于机械球磨工艺的片状粉末冶金技术可以将球状铝粉变成片状,实现石墨烯的均匀分散。本研究通过添加过程控制剂PDMS调控机械球磨过程,制备片状铝粉,结合压力浸渗技术制备0.6%(质量分数)GNPs/6061Al复合材料。结果表明:随着球磨时间延长,片状铝粉直径呈先上升后稳定的状态;随过程控制剂黏度上升,片状铝粉直径上升,铝粉片状化效果更明显,同时石墨烯缺陷含量先降低后上升。结合组织表征和力学性能测试,讨论了材料性能与组织结构间的关系。