316L不锈钢粗粉注射成形工艺的研究

对平均粒度为30μm的316L不锈钢粗粉进行了注射成形。采用正交试验法,以生坯三点抗弯强度和生坯密度作为依据,研究了注射参数对生坯质量的影响;优选出适宜316L不锈钢粗粉的脱脂工艺及烧结工艺;烧结试件得到了理想的力学性能,抗拉强度630MPa,屈服强度280MPa,延伸率52%,硬度69.5HRB,并评价了其耐蚀性。     

粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V固溶时效热处理工艺研究

对采用热等静压工艺制备的粉末Ti-6Al-4V合金的固溶时效热处理工艺进行了研究,探讨了不同的固溶温度、时效温度及时效时间对该合金材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,当固溶时效工艺为935℃ 36min 水淬、470℃ 6h 空冷时,该合金材料的综合力学性能较佳,这说明固溶时效热处理参数的合理选择对于进一步地提高Ti-6Al-4V粉末冶金件的力学性能起着重要作用。     

CFRP铣削力建模研究

碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic,CFRP)由于其不均匀性和各向异性的材料特性,在铣削加工过程中容易出现各种缺陷。铣削力建模有助于探究CFRP的铣削力变化规律、优化加工参数,进而减少缺陷的产生。本文基于多元非线性回归的方法,建立了铣削力系数关于4种影响因素(纤维切削角、瞬时未变形切屑厚度、主轴转速和轴向切深)的函数关系。经过单向CFRP铣削力实验和多向CFRP铣削力实验验证,所建模型可以较准确地预测铣削力变化规律。     

单颗磨粒磨削碳化硅陶瓷磨削力与比能研究

为探索磨削速度和单颗磨粒最大未变形切厚对碳化硅陶瓷高速磨削材料去除过程的影响规律,进行了切向进给单颗磨粒高速磨削试验,研究了磨削力、磨削比能与磨削速度以及单颗磨粒切厚的关系。研究结果表明,单颗磨粒切厚为0.03和1μm时,磨削力和磨削比能均随着速度的增加而减小,而当切厚为0.3μm时,磨削力和磨削比能随着磨削速度先增加后减小,磨削速度80m/s为其转折点。磨削力随着单颗磨粒切厚的增大整体上呈上升趋势,但是当切厚小于某一临界值时,磨削力变化并不明显,磨削比能却急剧降低,而且磨削速度提高,该临界值变大。因此,磨削速度的提高有利于降低磨削力和磨削比能,适当增加单颗磨粒未变形切厚并不会恶化加工质量。     

A Novel Processing Route for Ni-doped Alumina Composites

Alumina-based composites containing 0-15wt% Ni metallic phase were produced by hot press-sintering Ni-coated alumina pow-ders. The Ni-coated alumina powders were prepared by the aqueous heterogeneous precipitation of alumina micro-powders and nickel sulfate salt followed by reduction process. The microstructural features and dispersion of Ni phase in Ni-coated alumina powders and the subsequent alumina-Ni cermets were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and trans-mission electron microscope (TEM). The relative density of the hot press-sintered composites was measured with the Archimedes’ method while the fracture strength and the fracture toughness were defined with the three-point bending method and the mi-cro-indentation fracture method. In the formation of alumina-Ni cermets from sintered Ni-coated alumina powders, Ni phase to some extent limits the densification rate and stifles the coarsening and growing process of alumina grains. The Ni phase is found to be located at the interfaces and the triple-joint junctions of alumina grains which results into alteration of the fracture mode of alumina and its in-creased fracture strength and fracture toughness if compared with monolithic alumina.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 (BLB) glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730 ℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduc-tion of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.     

相对厚度对低雷诺数流动中翼型动态气动力特性的影响

以固定翼微型飞行器为研究背景,研究了相对厚度对低雷诺数流动中翼型动态气动力特性的影响规律.采用Roe迎风差分格式和双时间步迭代方法,数值求解拟压缩性修正不可压Navier-Stokes方程,给出了数值算法与实验数据的对比验证.以翼型弦长为特征长度,在Re=500～50,000情况下,选取不同最大相对厚度和不同最大相对厚度位置的翼型,计算了其等速上仰时的动态气动力,结果表明前者对气动力影响显著,较小最大相对厚度值可获得较大的动态升阻比.     

航空燃油柱塞泵滑靴静压润滑油膜计算分析

滑靴与斜盘是一对重要的摩擦副,滑靴与斜盘之间的油膜润滑性能对燃油柱塞泵的使用寿命有很大影响.通过数值计算,得到了排油区滑靴油膜厚度与转子转角、斜盘倾角、油池压力、柱塞压紧力之间的变化规律,建立油膜厚度变化的微分方程,给出在吸、排油一个周期内,滑靴油膜厚度的动态变化规律.利用油膜计算方法,可以分析滑靴运动一周,滑靴与斜盘间的油膜润滑状态,从而为合理设计航空燃油柱塞泵滑靴与斜盘摩擦副提供理论依据.      

改变结构参数对旋流喷嘴内外两相流场的影响

针对一种超细粉体旋流分散喷嘴,在不同进气角度和出口锥角的条件下,采用雷诺应力湍流模型(RSM)并考虑气体的可压缩性,对喷嘴内部及出口附近的强旋、跨声速流场进行了模拟,同时结合离散相模型研究了1~10μm粒子的运动轨迹和质量浓度分布规律.结果显示:改变旋流喷嘴的进气角度对旋流强度和湍流强度影响不大,而出口锥角改变时,喷嘴内的旋流强度有明显变化;随着颗粒密度或出口锥角增大,或进气角度减小,旋流喷嘴内粒子的临界逃逸粒径相应减小;在喷嘴后方,颗粒相达到较好的扩散均匀性所需的掺混距离约为20倍喷嘴出口直径.      

高强阻尼铝合金的阻尼性能和组织稳定性

采用时效处理实验,研究了快速凝固/粉末冶金工艺制备的X7093/5(Zn-30Al)高强度阻尼铝合金的阻尼性能和组织稳定性.将阻尼铝合金分别在50℃,100℃,120℃保温10?h,50?h,100?h后空冷,采用动态力学热分析仪(DMTA)和透射电镜(TEM)分别测试其阻尼性能和观察微观组织的变化情况.研究结果表明: 阻尼铝合金在时效过程中,组织结构由最初细碎杂乱的晶态结构转变为具有规则晶界的大晶粒结构,晶界对合金阻尼性能的贡献增强.在室温至250℃的温度范围内,合金阻尼值由4×10^-3增至3.0×10^-2.阻尼铝合金在120℃以下、100?h以内的时效处理中,时效温度和时效时间的不同对合金阻尼性能的影响不显著,材料的阻尼性能稳定性良好.