烟火剂式点火器内弹道性能理论分析

用固体火箭发动机中常用的瞬态平衡压强法对烟火剂式点火器内弹道性能进行了理论预示，并提出热损失系数的概念，此外，进行了试验验证，计算结果和试验结果吻合较好。     

黑色色浆对氟树脂/铝红外涂层性能的影响

以铝、黑色色浆为填料,氟树脂为粘合剂,制备了氟树脂/铝红外涂层,研究了黑色色浆含量对氟树脂/铝红外涂层性能的影响。性能测试包括光泽度、色差、红外发射率、硬度、附着力、抗冲击性、粗糙度、光学测试、耐腐蚀性等。结果表明,在黑色色浆含量为1.0%时,整个氟树脂涂层的性能最优。当黑色色浆的含量由1.0%上升到9.0%,涂层表面光泽度不断下降,涂层ΔE值不断减小,涂层表面红外发射率逐渐升高,涂层的硬度都是6H,涂层的附着力等级为0级,红外光谱吸收峰逐渐增强。当黑色色浆含量为0%～3.0%,抗冲击性都超过50 kg·cm,抗冲击性较大。当黑色色浆含量为0%～5.0%时,涂层表面粗糙度比较低。当黑色色浆含量为1.0%时,涂层的耐腐蚀性能最佳。     

基于表面缺陷特征的疲劳寿命预测方法

在含表面缺陷试样的疲劳数据的基础上,提出了表面缺陷对疲劳寿命影响的尺寸参数,将其引入Walker寿命方程,建立了可以考虑表面缺陷尺寸特征的疲劳寿命预测方程。将该方程的寿命预测结果同考虑应力梯度的寿命预测方法的计算结果进行对比,两者在±3倍以内,验证了方法是准确可靠的。进而,将该方程应用于粉末高温合金涡轮盘的疲劳寿命预测中,获得了不同尺寸的表面缺陷对涡轮盘寿命的影响规律,其工程意义在于:依据涡轮盘危险位置的应力特征,能够给出存在缺陷时的疲劳寿命,可作为使用过程中的重要参考数据,一旦出现漏检的表面缺陷,也能够保证涡轮盘的安全工作。      

Prediction of cutting forces in flank milling of parts with non-developable ruled surfaces

Predicting the cutting forces required for five-axis flank milling is a challenging task due to the difficulties involved in determining the Undeformed Chip Thickness(UCT) and CutterWorkpiece Engagement(CWE). To solve these problems, this paper presents a new mechanistic cutting force model based on the geometrical analysis of a flank milling process. In the model,the part feature and corresponding cutting location data are taken as input information. The UCT considering cutter runout is calculated according to the instantaneous feed rate of the element cutting edges. A solid-discrete-based method is used to precisely and efficiently identify the CWE between the end mill and the surface being machined. Then, after calibrating the specific force coef-ficients, the mechanistic milling force can be obtained. During the validation process, two practical operations, three-axis flank milling of a vertical surface and five-axis flank milling of a nondevelopable ruled surface, are conducted. Comparisons between predicted and measured cutting forces demonstrate the reliability of the proposed cutting force model.     

粉末燃料冲压发动机研究进展

粉末燃料冲压发动机采用高能金属或硼粉为燃料,兼具液体燃料冲压发动机推力可调、比冲高及固体火箭冲压发动机安全可靠、结构简单等优点,尤其是固体/粉末或液体/粉末燃料组合冲压发动机,粉末燃料的加入不仅可大幅提高传统冲压发动机的比冲等性能,还能改善并增加其原有功能,是极具发展潜力的新一代导弹动力装置之一。针对粉末燃料冲压发动机及其相关研究领域的发展现状进行了概述分析,并以此梳理出粉末燃料供给、发动机燃烧组织、发动机点火等粉末燃料冲压发动机主要关键技术,同时对发动机技术提出了高性能粉末燃料研究、冲压空气作为驱动流化气可行性研究、发动机快速响应和环境适应潜力及工作可靠性研究等几点研究展望。通过对粉末燃料冲压发动机相关研究技术进行综述梳理,明确了其研究的重点和难点,为发展高性能冲压发动机提供了一定参考。     

TiAl合金粉末射频等离子体球化过程数值模拟

采用数值模拟的方法对TiAl合金粉末的射频(radio frequency)等离子体球化过程进行研究,分析速度场和温度场对不同粒径TiAl合金粉末的运动轨迹及质量变化的影响。结果表明:粉体颗粒在等离子体的高温作用下温度急剧升高,表面蒸发导致粒径降低,太小的颗粒很快蒸发消失掉;在冷却塔下端,不同粒径颗粒的运动轨迹存在较大差异,小颗粒倾向于随气流进入气流出口,大颗粒落到冷却塔底部被收集;增大气流量会提高球化系统中的气流速度,导致在气流出口能被气流带走的颗粒粒径变大,收粉率降低;模拟得到TiAl合金粉末球化后的粉末粒径分布、平均粒径及收粉率等参数与实验结果比较接近,模型能够较好地符合实际球化过程。     

粉末燃料冲压发动机燃烧室两相流数值模拟

采用颗粒轨道模型对镁粉燃料冲压发动机的两相流场进行了三维数值模拟,目的是为进一步的实验研究提供指导和参考。结合理论性能分析,提出了一种发动机构型,通过数值模拟分析了颗粒粒径、产物相态等因素对该发动机燃烧效率的影响。结果表明,粉末燃料的粒径较小时点火延迟时间短,颗粒在发动机中的滞留时间长,燃料燃烧效率较高。     

Performance investigation of intercooler operating in wet condition using distributed parameter model

The performance of a marine gas turbine intercooler operating in wet condition was evaluated.The intercooler was a cross-flow plate-fin heat exchanger that used air and pure water as its working fluids at the hot and cold sides,respectively.The heat transfer performance and the water vapor condensation were investigated for a relative humidity of the inlet air that reached 100% during warship cruise.The condensation of the water vapors increased the hot side outlet temperature by a certain amount,which could in turn influence the performance of the compressor downstream.The condensate film thickness and the void fraction were calculated based on an annular two-phase flow model.It is found that water vapor condensation in hot flow channel increases the outlet temperature with a maximum value of 7.3℃ in the case of 100% relative humidity.The calculated liquid film thickness reaches a maximum value of 4μm,which indicates negligible thermal resistance to heat transfer.The results of liquid film thicknesses also provide a qualitative prediction of the diameter distribution of the condensate water droplets.     

大间隙钎焊用混合粉状高温镍基钎料的润湿性和显微组织

用一种含Al,Ti元素的镍基钎料粉末与γ’相沉淀强化型镍基高温合金FGH95的粉末混合,制备了大间隙钎焊用混合粉状高温镍基钎料。实验表明,采用合适的混合比例,混合粉状钎料对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢具有较好的润湿铺展性。该混合钎料所获得的钎缝金属的合金化效应显著,Al+Ti合金元素的最大含量达到了5.49%。焊态钎缝中,除Nb,W等个别元素外,其他主要强化元素无明显偏析,且经1180℃/4h扩散处理可消除合金元素的偏析。钎缝金属的组织状态较为均匀,基体为等轴γ固溶体枝晶,枝晶间分布有颗粒状、短条状的化合物相以及少量的γ+γ’共晶组织。另外,在γ固溶体中分布着大量弥散细小γ’沉淀强化相。     

纸基蜂窝零件固持中压紧机构和铁粉填料装置设计

基于磁场和摩擦吸附原理的纸基蜂窝零件在固持过程中,利用铁粉作为介质传递摩擦力对蜂窝零件进行固持,蜂窝零件下表面与固持平台上表面是否接触,铁粉填充高度和区域是否满足设计计算要求,都会对最终的固持效果产生明显的影响。为了得到良好的固持效果,研制了一套基于分布式弹簧的蜂窝材料压紧装置和基于皮带输送的铁粉填充系统。试验表明:预压紧装置能够实现蜂窝芯与蜂窝固持平台的完好接触,基于皮带输送的铁粉填充装置能够实现厚度可控制和区域的均匀完整填料。