船舶涡旋流堵漏桨叶位置与涡旋流形成效果的关系研究

船舶涡旋流堵漏方法是为克服现有堵漏手段存在的不足而提出的一种新技术思想。在自行设计制作了专门实验装置的基础上,分别利用柔性桨叶和刚性桨叶进行了一系列涡旋流堵漏实验,定量研究了桨叶工作位置对破口进水量的影响规律,进而揭示了桨叶位置与涡旋流形成效果的关系。实验结果发现：当桨叶与破口处于同一高度且距离破口越近时,对降低破口进水量的效果越明显,使用于堵漏的时间可延长300%以上。这一结论可为船舶涡旋流堵漏方法的完善提供必要的理论基础和实验依据。     

Numerical simulation of multi-dimensional inviscid compressible flows by using TV-HLL scheme

This paper deals with the numerical solution of inviscid compressible flows. The threedimensional Euler equations describing the mentioned problem are presented and solved numerically with the finite volume method. The evaluation of the numerical flux at the interfaces is performed by using the Toro Vazquez-Harten Lax Leer(TV-HLL) scheme. An essential feature of the proposed scheme is to associate two systems of differential equations, called the advection system and the pressure system. It can be implemented with a very simple manner in the standard finite volume Euler and Navier–Stokes codes as extremely simple task. The scheme is applied to some test problems covering a wide spectrum of Mach numbers, including hypersonic, low speed flow and three-dimensional aerodynamics applications.     

热电法在表征涡轮叶片渗铝硅层厚度中的应用

选取工作300h的涡轮叶片和新品叶片制作试样,试样提供了不同的渗铝硅层厚度,采用热电法和金相法分别对试样上同一位置进行检查,热电法记录该位置处热电势值,金相法测量该位置截面的渗铝硅层厚度,对一系列实测数据进行分析,得到随渗铝硅层厚度增大热电势值相应减小的变化规律,随后对热电检查的外部影响因素进行了试验分析,并结合部分试样给出热电势值随温度、异物、探头角度等改变带来的误差规律.     

Improved local amplification factor transport equation for stationary crossflow instability in subsonic and transonic flows

Transition prediction is a hot research topic of fluid mechanics. For subsonic and transonic aerodynamic flows, e^N method based on Linear Stability Theory (LST) is usually adopted reliably to predict transition. In 2013, Coder and Maughmer established a transport equation for Tollmien-Schlichting (T-S) instability so that the e^N method can be applied to general Reynolds-Average-Navier-Stokes (RANS) solvers conveniently. However, this equation focuses on T-S instability, and is invalid for crossflow instability induced transition which plays a crucial role in flow instability of three-dimensional boundary layers. Subsequently, a transport equation for crossflow instability was developed in 2016, which is restricted to wing-like geometries. Then, in 2019, this model was extended to arbitrarily shaped geometries based on local variables. However, there are too many tedious functions and parameters in this version, and it can only be used for incompressible flows. Hence, in this paper, after a large amount of LST analyses and parameter optimization, an improved version for subsonic and transonic boundary layers is built. The present improved model is more robust and more concise, and it can be applied widely in aeronautical flows, which has great engineering application value and significance. An extensive validation study for this improved transition model will be performed.     

Large-eddy simulation:Past,present and the future

Large-eddy simulation(LES) was originally proposed for simulating atmospheric flows in the 1960 s and has become one of the most promising and successful methodology for simulating turbulent flows with the improvement of computing power. It is now feasible to simulate complex engineering flows using LES. However, apart from the computing power, significant challenges still remain for LES to reach a level of maturity that brings this approach to the mainstream of engineering and industrial computations. This paper will describe briefly LES formalism first, present a quick glance at its history, review its current state focusing mainly on its applications in transitional flows and gas turbine combustor flows, discuss some major modelling and numerical challenges/issues that we are facing now and in the near future, and finish with the concluding remarks.     

若干周期性复合材料结构数学均匀化方法的计算精度

数学均匀化方法(MHM)一般需要通过有限元方法(FEM)来实现,摄动阶次和单元阶次直接影响计算结果。在解耦格式中,各阶摄动位移是相应阶次的影响函数和均匀化位移导数的乘积。单元阶次的选取取决于影响函数和均匀化位移的精度要求,而摄动阶次的选取则主要依赖于虚拟载荷的性质和均匀化位移各阶导数的计算精度;针对周期性复合材料杆的静力学问题,在施加不同阶次的载荷时,通过选择合适阶次的单元和摄动阶次得到了精确解。使用类似的方法研究了2D周期性复合材料静力学问题,指出了四边固支作为周期性单胞边界条件以及宏观位移求导精度对计算结果将有很大的影响。强调了二阶摄动对数学均匀化方法计算精度的作用;在数值结果中,应用最小势能原理评估了各阶摄动数学均匀化方法的计算精度,数值比较结果验证了结论的正确性。     

基于障碍凸化的改进环流APF路径规划

为改善人工势场法（APF）在复杂障碍环境下的路径规划能力，提出基于障碍凸化的改进环流APF路径规划方法。通过改变APF方法斥力势场的方向，使其形成绕行障碍边缘的环流，改善了APF方法在平台-目标位置连线与障碍边界垂直时可能陷入局部极小值的问题。针对多边形障碍（凹、凸）与圆形障碍，给出包括障碍初始化与相交障碍集合迭代凸化步骤的障碍凸化方法，将复杂障碍空间转换成为凸障碍的空间，避免平台进入凹多边形或相交障碍产生的凹区域而无解的问题。在仿真环境中，对比了传统APF方法、未使用障碍凸化的环流APF方法、使用障碍凸化的环流APF方法的路径规划结果，并分析了不同障碍数量、相交障碍数量条件下的方法计算耗时。根据结果，使用障碍凸化的环流APF方法能够明显改善APF方法在复杂障碍环境下的路径规划能力，方法实时性好，每个障碍所需的单步计算耗时约为0.02~0.03 ms，能够支持平台在复杂障碍环境下的在线路径规划。     

船舶涡旋流堵漏桨叶位置与涡旋流形成效果的关系研究

船舶涡旋流堵漏方法是为克服现有堵漏手段存在的不足而提出的一种新技术思想。在自行设计制作了专门实验装置的基础上,分别利用柔性桨叶和刚性桨叶进行了一系列涡旋流堵漏实验,定量研究了桨叶工作位置对破口进水量的影响规律,进而揭示了桨叶位置与涡旋流形成效果的关系。实验结果发现:当桨叶与破口处于同一高度且距离破口越近时,对降低破口进水量的效果越明显,使用于堵漏的时间可延长300%以上。这一结论可为船舶涡旋流堵漏方法的完善提供必要的理论基础和实验依据。     

Recent progress in time–distance helioseismology

Time–distance helioseismology is one of the local helioseismology techniques that are used to derive the interior properties of the Sun. It has been used to study the structures and flow fields beneath sunspots on local scales, as well as used to derive interior rotational rates and meridional flow velocities on global scales. In addition to the efforts in improving time–distance measurements and inversions, theoretical modeling is also carried out to enhance the accuracy of sensitivity kernels. Recently, by use of realistic numerical simulation on solar convection, we have also started to investigate the validity of time–distance studies.     

The lunar dust pendulum

An analytic model for the motion of a positively charged lunar dust grain in the presence of a shadowed crater at a negative potential in vacuum is presented. It is shown that the dust grain executes oscillatory trajectories, and an expression is derived for the period of oscillation. Simulations used to verify the analytic expression also show that because the trajectories are unstable, dust grains are either ejected from the crater’s vicinity or deposited into the crater forming “dust ponds.” The model also applies to other airless bodies in the solar system, such as asteroids, and predicts that under certain conditions, particularly near lunar sunset, oscillating dust “canopies” or “swarms” will form over negatively charged craters.