周向总压畸变进气下叶片前掠对转子稳定性的影响

以跨声速压气机NASA转子11为原型进行前掠改进,对得到的前掠转子与原型转子内流场进行了定常数值模拟,结果表明:在设计转速下前掠转子的性能有所提高,尤其是近失速流量有明显的降低.在周向总压畸变进气条件下,对转子11和前掠转子进行了非定常数值模拟,两者的性能较均匀进气条件下都出现了不同程度的下降,但前掠转子的近失速流量仍明显低于转子11,这是因为转子11叶尖区域处气流较前掠转子更易堵塞.      

两轮升压式空气动压轴承涡轮冷却器起浮压力计算

通过分析两轮升压式空气动压轴承涡轮冷却器的起浮原理,建立了计算起浮压力的方法.按照该方法编制程序计算了某型涡轮冷却器在不同条件下的起浮压力,计算结果与试验实测数据吻合较好,说明计算方法具有较高准确度.通过计算和分析可以看到涡轮出口背压和轴承预紧对轴承起浮影响较大,背压越低则起浮压力越低;轴承预紧力越大则起浮压力越高.      

火焰筒压力损失对贫油熄火特性和燃烧效率的影响

以3.0%火焰筒压力损失火焰筒作为基准,分别设计了2.5%和2.0%火焰筒压力损失的火焰筒,通过试验研究火焰筒压力损失对贫油熄火性能及燃烧效率的影响.在模拟慢车状态下,低压力损失方案均比基准方案的贫油熄火油气比低,2.5%方案的贫油熄火油气比最低;在模拟高温高压状态,3种方案火焰筒燃烧效率对火焰筒压力损失不敏感.综合比较地面起动点火试验结果,在该基准上将火焰筒压力损失降低至2.5%不会对燃烧室综合燃烧性能造成不利影响.      

亚燃冲压模型燃烧室高空负压试验

为了验证亚燃冲压燃烧室在高空负压条件下稳定工作的能力,设计了带蒸发式值班火焰稳定器与直射式喷油装置的亚燃冲压模型燃烧室,对该模型燃烧室进行了冷态流阻试验、贫油熄火边界试验以及不同截面燃烧效率试验研究。研究结果表明,试验件的冷态流阻系数略大于1,冷态总压恢复系数0.98以上;蒸发式火焰稳定器贫油熄火边界较宽;两截面燃烧效率最低相差6%,最高相差19%,在高空负压条件下,增加燃烧段长度能显著提高燃烧效率。     

正压法音速喷嘴气体流量标准装置压力调节改造

正压法音速喷嘴气体流量标准装置由于能提供尽量接近使用工况的校准条件,近年得到了广泛的应用。但由于其前端采用空压机供气,系统压力不易控制。本文提供了一种解决系统压力波动和控制系统压力的方法。该方法采用稳压装置前加带反馈的流量调节阀。改造后系统压力可以得到很好的控制。     

Effect of the Interplanetary Electric Field on the Magnetopause From Global MHD Simulations

The north-south component B_z of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and solar wind dynamic pressure P_d are generally treated as the two main factors in the solar wind that determine the geometry of the magnetosphere. By using the 3D global MHD simulations, we investigate the effect of the Interplanetary Electric Field (IEF) on the size and shape of magnetopause quantitatively. Our numerical experiments confirm that the geometry of the magnetopause are mainly determined by P_dB_z, as expected. However, the dawn-dusk IEFs have great impact on the magnetopause erosion because of the magnetic reconnection, thus affecting the size and shape of the magnetopause. Higher solar wind speed with the same B_z will lead to bigger dawn-dusk IEFs, which means the higher reconnection rate, and then results in more magnetic flux removal from the dayside. Consequently, the dayside magnetopause moves inward and flank magnetopause moves outward.      

Microscopic approach to analyze solar-sail space-environment effects

Near-sun space-environment effects on metallic thin films solar sails as well as hollow-body sails with inflation fill gas are considered. Analysis of the interaction of the solar radiation with the solar-sail materials is presented. This analysis evaluates worst-case solar radiation effects during solar-radiation-pressure acceleration. The dependence of the thickness of solar sail on temperature and on wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum of solar radiation is investigated. Physical processes of the interactions of photons, electrons, protons and α-particles with sail material atoms and nuclei, and inflation fill gas molecules are analyzed. Calculations utilized conservative assumptions with the highest values for the available cross sections for interactions of solar photons, electrons and protons with atoms, nuclei and hydrogen molecules. It is shown that for high-energy photons, electrons and protons the beryllium sail is mostly transparent. Sail material will be partially ionized by solar UV and low-energy solar electrons. For a hollow-body photon sail effects including hydrogen diffusion through the solar-sail walls, and electrostatic pressure is considered. Electrostatic pressure caused by the electrically charged sail’s electric field may require mitigation since sail material tensile strength decreases with elevated temperature. It also can substitute inflation-gas pressure loss due to gas diffusion and perforation by micrometeoroids impact to keep the sail inflated.     

赛宾混响时间计算公式的推广

文章由稳态声压级和平均掩蔽量,提出混响时间的新定义,导出混响时间的一般公式.     

扰流板进气总压畸变试验

在吊舱进气道进口安装扰流板进行试验,研究扰流板进气畸变的影响因素及总压畸变特征。试验得到了进气道出口若干马赫数下进气总压畸变的定量数据,研究了进气道出口压力分布和畸变指数随飞行马赫数、扰流板堵塞比、进气道出口马赫数的变化关系。试验结果表明：进气道出口对应点总压恢复系数随扰流板堵塞比和进气道出口马赫数的减小而增大,几乎不随飞行马赫数发生变化;受扰流板、飞行侧滑角以及发动机低压转子转向影响,进气道出口局部区域存在高压区,高压区域的大小和位置随飞行马赫数、扰流板堵塞比、进气道出口马赫数的变化而变化;各总压畸变指数随扰流板堵塞比和进气道出口马赫数增大而增大,飞行马赫数对畸变指数影响很小。同时,数值计算了不同飞行马赫数下进气道出口总压畸变特征及周向稳态畸变指数,与试验结果结论一致,验证了试验结果的可靠性,也证明了数值计算在总压畸变研究中的有效性。研究工作为进一步的空中逼喘试验奠定了基础。