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1.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(7):1701-1713
Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are common features of the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere and are known to cause radio wave scintillation which leads to the degradation of communication and navigation systems. Although these structures have been studied for decades, a full understanding of their evolution and dynamics remains important for space weather mitigation purposes. In this study, we present cases of EPBs occurrences around April and July 2012 geomagnetic storm periods over the African equatorial sector. The EPBs were observed from the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) and generally correlated well to the ionospheric irregularities observed from the Global Positioning System total electron content (GPS-TEC) measurements (rate of TEC change, ROT). This study revealed that the evolution of the EPBs during moderate storms is controlled by the strength of the daytime equatorial electrojet (EEJ) currents regardless of the strength of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), the latter is observed during the July storm case in particular. These effects were more evident during the main and part of the early recovery phases of the geomagnetic storm days considered. However, the evening hours TEC gradients between regions of the magnetic equator and ionization crests also played roles in the existence of ionospheric irregularities. 相似文献
2.
Karl-Heinz Glassmeier Ingo Richter Andrea Diedrich Günter Musmann Uli Auster Uwe Motschmann Andre Balogh Chris Carr Emanuele Cupido Andrew Coates Martin Rother Konrad Schwingenschuh Karoly Szegö Bruce Tsurutani 《Space Science Reviews》2007,128(1-4):649-670
The fluxgate magnetometer experiment onboard the ROSETTA spacecraft aims to measure the magnetic field in the interaction
region of the solar wind plasma with comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. It consists of a system of two ultra light (about 28
g each ) triaxial fluxgate magnetometer sensors, mounted on the 1.5 m long spacecraft boom. The measurement range of each
sensor is ±16384 nT with quantization steps of 31 pT. The magnetometer sensors are operated with a time resolution of up to
0.05 s, corresponding to a bandwidth of 0–10 Hz. This performance of the RPC-MAG sensors allows detailed analyses of magnetic
field variations in the cometary environment. RPC-MAG furthermore is designed to study possible remnant magnetic fields of
the nucleus, measurements which will be done in close cooperation with the ROSETTA lander magnetometer experiment ROMAP. 相似文献
3.
弹道靶红外辐射测量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为深入认识再入物理现象 ,在弹道靶上做了模型头部和近尾流红外辐射测量。发射器为 1 4.5mm口径的二级轻气炮 ,模型为1 0mm的球 ,材料为聚碳酸酯和铝 ,模型发射速度 4~6km/s,使用红外InSb探测器测量波长 3~ 5 .4μm的红外辐射 ,靶室压力 5 .32kPa。实验中使用光电法测量模型速度 ,两站阴影照相进行模型姿态监测和速度核实。实验结果表明 :球模型的红外辐射强度强烈依赖于模型材料和模型飞行速度。对不同材料模型头部和尾流部辐射强度的定性比较说明由于低温材料烧蚀产物的存在 ,极大地增强了头部和近尾流区的辐射强度 ,而且延长了尾流辐射长度 相似文献
4.
空间飞行体与等离子体在压缩区内的非稳态相互作用研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
研究了空间飞行体在运动过程中,其前端压缩区内飞行体与等离子体的、非稳态相互作用问题,得到了在强天线辐射源高频场作用下的控制方程.通过计算表明,飞行体上的天线可作为调制不稳定性的激发源,在等离子体中激发起很强的电磁孤波. 相似文献
5.
6.
L. Jacquin D. Fabre D. Sipp V. Theofilis H. Vollmers 《Aerospace Science and Technology》2003,7(8):94-593
This paper presents a review of theoretical and experimental results on stability and other unsteady properties of aircraft wakes. The basic mechanisms responsible for the propagation and the amplification of perturbation along vortices, namely the Kelvin waves and the cooperative instabilities, are first detailed. These two generic unsteady mechanisms are described by considering asymptotic linear stability analysis of model flows such as vortex filaments or Lamb–Oseen vortices. Extension of the linear analysis to more representative flows, using a biglobal stability approach, is also described. Experimental results obtained using LDV, hot wire and PIV in wind tunnels are presented and they are commented upon the light of theory. 相似文献
7.
本文研究了微弯机翼在正弦阵风作用下的脉动升力,并导出计算公式,分析了动、静叶栅几何及气动参数对转子脉动升力及噪声级的影响。 相似文献
8.
栅格翼尾流中的发卡涡 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
介绍了在水漕中用氢气泡法显示的斜置蜂窝式栅格翼尾流流态 ,发现在中等迎角下 ,相交翼元的每个交叉处邻近壁面的尾流中 ,有伴随着壁面流动分离而周期性脱落的发卡涡 ,它们相互连接 ,形成“涡链”。还介绍了栅格翼尾流中发卡涡的主要流动特征 ,并对其产生的流动机理作了初步探讨。 相似文献
9.
S. M. Krimigis D. G. Mitchell D. C. Hamilton S. Livi J. Dandouras S. Jaskulek T. P. Armstrong J. D. Boldt A. F. Cheng G. Gloeckler J. R. Hayes K. C. Hsieh W.-H. Ip E. P. Keath E. Kirsch N. Krupp L. J. Lanzerotti R. Lundgren B. H. Mauk R. W. McEntire E. C. Roelof C. E. Schlemm B. E. Tossman B. Wilken D. J. Williams 《Space Science Reviews》2004,114(1-4):233-329
The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites. The processes responsible for Saturn’s aurora will be investigated; a search will be performed for substorms at Saturn; and the origins of magnetospheric hot plasmas will be determined. Further, the Jovian magnetosphere and Io torus will be imaged during Jupiter flyby. The investigative approach is twofold. (1) Perform remote sensing of the magnetospheric energetic (E > 7 keV) ion plasmas by detecting and imaging charge-exchange neutrals, created when magnetospheric ions capture electrons from ambient neutral gas. Such escaping neutrals were detected by the Voyager l spacecraft outside Saturn’s magnetosphere and can be used like photons to form images of the emitting regions, as has been demonstrated at Earth. (2) Determine through in-situ measurements the 3-D particle distribution functions including ion composition and charge states (E > 3 keV/e). The combination of in-situ measurements with global images, together with analysis and interpretation techniques that include direct “forward modeling’’ and deconvolution by tomography, is expected to yield a global assessment of magnetospheric structure and dynamics, including (a) magnetospheric ring currents and hot plasma populations, (b) magnetic field distortions, (c) electric field configuration, (d) particle injection boundaries associated with magnetic storms and substorms, and (e) the connection of the magnetosphere to ionospheric altitudes. Titan and its torus will stand out in energetic neutral images throughout the Cassini orbit, and thus serve as a continuous remote probe of ion flux variations near 20R
S (e.g., magnetopause crossings and substorm plasma injections). The Titan exosphere and its cometary interaction with magnetospheric plasmas will be imaged in detail on each flyby. The three principal sensors of MIMI consists of an ion and neutral camera (INCA), a charge–energy–mass-spectrometer (CHEMS) essentially identical to our instrument flown on the ISTP/Geotail spacecraft, and the low energy magnetospheric measurements system (LEMMS), an advanced design of one of our sensors flown on the Galileo spacecraft. The INCA head is a large geometry factor (G ∼ 2.4 cm2 sr) foil time-of-flight (TOF) camera that separately registers the incident direction of either energetic neutral atoms (ENA) or ion species (≥5∘ full width half maximum) over the range 7 keV/nuc < E < 3 MeV/nuc. CHEMS uses electrostatic deflection, TOF, and energy measurement to determine ion energy, charge state, mass, and 3-D anisotropy in the range 3 ≤ E ≤ 220 keV/e with good (∼0.05 cm2 sr) sensitivity. LEMMS is a two-ended telescope that measures ions in the range 0.03 ≤ E ≤ 18 MeV and electrons 0.015 ≤ E≤ 0.884 MeV in the forward direction (G ∼ 0.02 cm2 sr), while high energy electrons (0.1–5 MeV) and ions (1.6–160 MeV) are measured from the back direction (G ∼ 0.4 cm2 sr). The latter are relevant to inner magnetosphere studies of diffusion processes and satellite microsignatures as well as cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND). Our analyses of Voyager energetic neutral particle and Lyman-α measurements show that INCA will provide statistically significant global magnetospheric images from a distance of ∼60 R
S every 2–3 h (every ∼10 min from ∼20 R
S). Moreover, during Titan flybys, INCA will provide images of the interaction of the Titan exosphere with the Saturn magnetosphere every 1.5 min. Time resolution for charged particle measurements can be < 0.1 s, which is more than adequate for microsignature studies. Data obtained during Venus-2 flyby and Earth swingby in June and August 1999, respectively, and Jupiter flyby in December 2000 to January 2001 show that the instrument is performing well, has made important and heretofore unobtainable measurements in interplanetary space at Jupiter, and will likely obtain high-quality data throughout each orbit of the Cassini mission at Saturn. Sample data from each of the three sensors during the August 18 Earth swingby are shown, including the first ENA image of part of the ring current obtained by an instrument specifically designed for this purpose. Similarily, measurements in cis-Jovian space include the first detailed charge state determination of Iogenic ions and several ENA images of that planet’s magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date. 相似文献
10.
高超声速小钝锥尾流化学非平衡辐射研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文主要目的是研究化学非平衡对高超声速小钝锥尾流辐射的影响。计算结果表明:激发发射辐射比化学发光辐射重要,红外辐射比可光辐射重要。结果还表明:由化学非平衡瞬时辐射模型计算求得的NO5.3μ的辐射能比由局部平衡辐射模型求得的辐射能大30 ̄70%。由此可知,小钝锥尾流的化学非平衡辐射模型对辐射的影响是不能忽略的。 相似文献