Acceleration of DDT by non-thermal plasma in a single-trial detonation tube

This paper compares the flame acceleration in single-trial dual-detonation tubes triggered by a spark plug and non-thermal plasma igniter. The low-temperature plasma was generated by an in-house novel AC-driven dielectric barrier discharge igniter, which reduces the power supply requirements and was applied in the quiescent ignition of a single-trial detonation tube. Three different types of detonation mixtures were tested with flame propagation tracked by ion probes and pressure waves recorded by high-frequency pressure transducers. The flame propagation speeds were calculated and compared based on signals from the ion probes. The detonation combustion succeeded in the dual tubes, but the deflagration-to-detonation transition could be significantly accelerated by the plasma for all mixtures, as it was shortened by more than 50% compared to that of the spark plug. The present study provides a suitable technological approach for igniters of PDEs.     

阳极层霍尔推力器的阳极分段形式对内磁极刻蚀速率的影响

由于推力器内径向电势和等离子体的分布会影响轰击推力器器壁离子的运动,本文通过阳极的不同分段形式来改变推力器内电势分布,进而研究推力器阳极的不同分段形式对内磁极的刻蚀速率分布。首先利用PIC方法研究入射离子的数量和能量分布,接着对内磁极内表面和上表面的刻蚀速率进行仿真计算。由结果可知：入射到内磁极两个面上的离子数量和能量,都是在三分段阳极时达到最大值,其他三种情况偏低。对于内磁极内表面和上表面的刻蚀速率也是在三分段阳极时最大,其次是单阳极,而二、四分段阳极时的刻蚀速率最小。最后通过单阳极和二分段阳极时刻蚀速率的试验结果对比,验证了此研究结果的正确性,为下一步提高推力器的寿命研究提供了参考数据和研究方法。     

喷枪空间行进速率对等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ复合涂层温度场的影响

为了突破传统金属/陶瓷双层热防护涂层高温环境易剥离的技术瓶颈,研究喷枪空间行进速率变化对等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ复合涂层时间域及空间域温度场分布的影响规律。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ功能梯度热障涂层的数值模型,考虑材料不同温度下的热物性参数和材料的相变潜热,通过分析不同喷枪空间行进速率下喷涂构件的温度与温度梯度发现:在喷涂过程的同一时刻,喷枪行进速率越大,单位长度内喷枪与构件相互作用的时间越少,构件的最大温度值越小,构件上表面温度分布的均匀性越高,构件的最大温度梯度值越小;先沉积的涂层对后沉积的涂层存在预热作用,基体的最大温度值呈"台阶式"升高的变化趋势;随着涂层厚度的增加,涂层的热阻增加,基体温度的波动幅度逐渐减小;通过调控各涂层的喷枪行进速率,可进一步减小构件的温度梯度,按照黏结层最大、过渡层次之、陶瓷层最小的顺序进行喷涂时,喷涂构件的温度梯度最小。     

Can an impulsive variation of the solar wind plasma pressure trigger a plasma bubble? A case study based on CSES,Swarm and THEMIS data

During the August 25, 2018 geomagnetic storm, the new borne CSES-01 satellite and the Swarm A satellite detected a really large equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) in the post-midnight sector over western Africa. We investigated the features of this deep ionospheric plasma depletion using data from the Langmuir probes on-board CSES-01 and Swarm A satellites, and data from the high-precision magnetometer and the electric field detector instruments on-board CSES-01. Using also plasma and magnetic field data from THEMIS-E satellite we found that, during the passage of the magnetic cloud that drove the geomagnetic storm, an impulsive variation lasting about ten minutes characterized the solar wind (SW) pressure. The analysis of the delay time, between the occurrence of such impulsive variation and the detection of the plasma bubble, suggests a possible link between the SW pressure impulsive variation as identified by THEMIS-E and the generation of the EPB as detected by CSES-01 and Swarm A. We put forward the hypothesis that the SW pressure impulsive variation might have triggered an eastward prompt penetrating electric field that propagated from high to equatorial latitudes, overlapping in the nightside region to the zonal westward electric field, causing either a reduction or an inversion, at the base of the EPB triggering.     

Acceleration of charged particles by fluctuating and steady electric fields in a X-type magnetic field

Release of stored magnetic energy via particle acceleration is a characteristic feature of astrophysical plasmas. Magnetic reconnection is one of the mechanisms for releasing energy from magnetized plasmas. Collisionless magnetic reconnection could provide both the energy release mechanism and the particle accelerator in space plasmas. Here we studied particle acceleration when fluctuating (in-time) electric fields are superposed on an static X-type magnetic field in collisionless hot solar plasma. This system is chosen to mimic the reconnective dissipation of a linear MHD disturbance. Our results are compared to particle acceleration from constant electric field superposed on an X-type magnetic field. The constant electric field configuration represents the effects of steady state magnetic reconnection. Time evolution of ion and electron distributions are obtained by numerically integrating particle trajectories. The frequencies of the electric field represent a turbulent range of waves. Depending on the frequency and amplitude of the electric field, electrons and ions are accelerated to different degrees and have energy distributions of bimodal form consisting of a lower energy part and a high energy tail. For frequencies (ω in dimensioless units) in the range 0.5 ? ω ? 1.0 a substantial fraction (20%–30%) of the proton distribution is accelerated to gamma-ray producing energies. For frequencies in the range 1 ? ω ? 100.0 the bulk of the electron distribution is accelerated to hard X-ray producing energies. The acceleration mechanism is important for solar flares and solar noise storms but it could be applicable to all collisionless astrophysical plasmas.     

不同结构等离子体激励器的流场特性实验研究

采用粒子成像测速(PIV)技术,在静止空气中测量了H型、O型和L型3种结构的介质阻挡等离子体激励器的诱导速度场,分析了流场结构,并研究了激励器设计参数对诱导速度的影响.研究结果表明,3种结构的激励器都产生了离开激励器表面向上的射流.其中O型和L型结构的激励器受电极电压的影响比较明显,随着电极电压的增加,射流速度的最大值...     

水工质脉冲等离子体推进器的能量平衡和效率

通过一种同轴水工质脉冲等离子体推进器的LCR放电回路的理论分析和实验来探讨其在运行过程中的能量平衡和能量转换效率。理论分析认为储能电容中的储存能量通过放电转化为加速动能及被传输线和电容的等效电阻消耗掉,并且根据等效电阻的分配情况定义了水工质脉冲等离子体推进器的加速动能和电磁力转换效率。实验研究表明:该水工质脉冲等离子体推进器的存储能量(E0=4.86J)转换成加速动能的能量转换效率是28%,其中11%用于电磁加速及17%用于电热加速,其余72%的存储能量消耗在储能电容和传输线内阻所造成的能量损失上。     

Excitation of electrostatic plasma waves by a moving charged source in a quantum plasma

Within a quantum hydrodynamic model and using the reductive perturbation technique, the nonlinear ion-acoustic wave (IAW) excitations due to a moving charged object in an electron-pair-ion quantum plasma are studied both analytically and numerically. In such quantum plasmas we have derived forced Korteweg-de Vries (fKdV) type equation for finite amplitude nonlinear IAWs. The effect of relevant plasma parameters on solitonic excitations is investigated. Numerical simulation shows the generation of advancing solitons ahead of the forcing term traveling at a faster rate with trailing wakes behind the forcing disturbance. It is found that propagation characteristics of nonlinear excitations are significantly affected by quantum parameter. Additionally, we have pursued our analysis by extending it to account for arbitrary amplitude IA solitons, and derived a system of nonlinear differential equations which are analyzed numerically to study the dynamics. Nonlinear analysis predicts the existence of periodic and quasiperiodic nature of the nonlinear system and reveals that the transition from quasiperiodic to periodic behavior occurs due to the variation of quantum diffraction.     

介质阻挡放电对增升装置气动性能的影响

增升装置是传统构型飞机的重要组成部分,对飞行器气动性能有重要影响。将高效、简便、节能的介质阻挡放电(Dielectric Barrier Discharge,DBD)等离子体激励器布置在增升装置附近,通过对流场进行控制来达到提高增升装置气动性能的作用。选取二维翼型GAW-1及其29%襟翼作为研究对象,在分析基础流场的基础上,固定激励器放电频率等参数不变,将单级介质阻挡放电激励器放置在几个不同位置,用数值模拟的方法研究其对翼型总体气动特性的影响。仿真结果表明,主翼上表面后缘处的激励器增升效果最好,增升达12.8%且将失速迎角推迟约2°,主翼下表面后缘的升阻比增加可达15%。