离心式喷嘴液膜破碎过程实验

为了研究离心式喷嘴出口液膜破碎以及雾化锥角变化规律,对直径2.5~6 mm之间6个不同直径、不同几何特性参数的离心式喷嘴运用高速阴影设备进行实验,喷注压降从0.1~3 MPa,每次实验间隔0.2 MPa。通过实验,得到液膜破碎长度、液膜锥角随喷注压降、喷孔直径以及几何特性参数的变化规律。随着喷注压降的增加,液膜破碎长度减小,液膜锥角增大,该种类型喷嘴破碎长度在40 mm左右,液膜锥角不大于60°;随着几何特性参数A值增加,同一喷注压降下的液膜破碎长度增大,液膜锥角增加;将液膜锥角实验结果与Abromvich,Lefebvre等理论公式进行了比较,在常用的喷嘴特性参数范围内,液膜锥角的变化趋势与理论公式相吻合,但实验值远小于公式计算值。     

气-气喷注器混合场流动显示

研究气-气喷注器气流流动混合过程,基于粒子图像测速仪(PIV)实验系统,采用对两股气流分别示踪的方法,对三种典型结构的气一气喷注器混合场开展了实验研究.实验结果验证了这种实验方案的可行性,结合轴截面和横截面的流场分布测量,得到了同轴离心式、同轴直流式、互击式气一气喷注器气流混合过程的主要作用因素和混合场的分布特征.     

单喷嘴气-气喷注器推力室燃烧流场相似性

 设计了单喷嘴容热式气-气喷注器推力室,喷注器采用同轴剪切式,氢气/氧气作为推进剂。在同一燃烧室采用了0.92~6.10 MPa范围内7个室压工况,并在同一室压下采用不同燃烧室尺寸工况进行了试验研究,在变化室压和推力室尺寸时,推进剂种类、温度、混合比和喷注速度保持不变,燃烧室尺寸变化时保持几何相似,采用燃烧室壁面测温方法对比了不同工况下内流场的相似性。研究结果表明：不同室压和不同推力室尺寸工况下的推力室内流场具有相似性。     

鲁泊数和孔径比对直流互击式喷注器性能的影响

设计高性能喷注器、提高发动机比冲性能是发动机设计者一直追求的目标。对于直流互击式喷注器,鲁泊数和孔径比是影响喷注器性能的两个关键参数,而且两者之间有一定关联。为了初步研究鲁泊数和孔径比参数对直流互击式喷注器性能的影响,合理匹配两者的关系,设计了三种状态的喷注器,进行了混合比分布试验和热试车考核。结果表明,兼顾鲁泊数和孔径比才能使氧化剂和燃料达到最佳混合效果,提高燃烧效率。     

氢氧同轴式喷嘴流量特性试验和理论分析

介绍了氢氧直流同轴式喷嘴结构参数对流量特性的影响的热试验研究结果,并采用一维数值分析模型计算了结构参数对喷嘴流量特性的影响。结果表明:计算结果与热试数据相吻合。喷嘴结构参数变化将引起喷嘴压力损失变化,并导致喷嘴流量特性发生变化;氢氧喷嘴流量系数随缩进深度增大而减小;氢喷嘴流量系数随环形间隙增大而减小,氧喷嘴流量系数则反之。      

Numerical simulation of flow in swirl injector for power-law fluid

In order to investigate the flow characteristics of swirl injectors for gelled propellants, which actually behaved as non-Newtonian power-law fluid, a swirl axisymmetric model was established to solve Navier-Stokes equations and VOF (volume of fluid) equation, and the power-law constitutive equation was used to describe the rheology characteristics of the gelled propellants. The film thickness and velocity distribution in the swirl injector under different flow conditions were studied numerically. The simulation results show that the increased geometry characteristic parameter of the swirl injector contributes to the decrease of liquid film thickness. The liquid film thickness is almost independent of the pressure drop. The rheologic parameters have great influences on the inner flow of swirl injector: by increasing the fluid consistency index K and power index n, both the axial and the swirl velocities decrease dramatically; higher fluid consistency index K and power index n make the liquid film thickness increase. When the viscosity is large enough, the air core in the injector would vanish.      

某燃气轮机空气雾化喷嘴的试验研究

进行了某型燃机空气雾化喷嘴燃油喷雾特性的试验研究。得到以下结论：在油压不变的情况下,雾化锥角总是随着空气压力的增加有所减小,索特尔平均直径SMD随之迅速减小,整体减小幅度大约在10-30μm;气压不变时,雾化锥角和索特尔平均直径随着油压的增加而稍有增大;当气压为0.3MPa时,索特尔平均直径基本都保持在30μm以内。     

基于正交设计的气-气喷嘴数值模拟

通过应用正交表安排喷嘴的主要参数以进行设计,并对以气氢/气氧为推进剂的同轴剪切喷嘴进行数值模拟.选择燃烧位置为评价喷嘴性能的参数,研究单喷嘴质量流量、氧喷嘴压降、速度比和氧喷嘴出口角度对喷嘴的燃烧位置的影响.通过对数值模拟的结果的极差和方差分析表明:增大流量使推进剂的燃烧位置远离喷注面,流量是对燃烧位置影响程度最大参数;提高速度比使燃烧位置与喷注面距离缩短,而氧压降和氧喷嘴出口角度变化对燃烧位置的影响较小.      

外涵引气双层壁喷油杆冷却特性数值模拟

通过数值模拟对新型加力用外涵引气双层壁喷油杆冷却性能进行了研究.该喷油杆为双层壁结构, 从外涵引气冷却喷油杆.首先对实验油杆冷却性能进行了计算, 并与油杆冷却性能模拟实验结果进行了对比, 两者变化规律基本符合, 表明该计算方法可用.随后用该方法对真实加力室油杆冷却性能进行了计算, 得到该喷油杆在真实加力室4个工况下外套及油杆内壁温度分布及从外涵引气量.数值模拟结果表明该双层壁喷油杆方案可以有效引气和降温, 使得喷油杆在高温的加力燃烧室内能正常工作.      

Performance comparison of aero-ramp and transverse injector based on gas-pilot flame

A direct performance comparison between the four-hole aero-ramp injector and single transverse injector in a dual-mode scramjet combustor was conducted. The mixing characteristics of two injectors were calculated by solving the three-dimensional (3-D) compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS), with the help of the shear-stress-transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model. The numerical results show that the far field mixing efficiency of the aero-ramp injector is higher than that of the single transverse injector. High enthalpy vitiated air was heated to a total temperature of 1200K by hydrogen-oxygen combustion, entering the isolator entrance at a Mach number of 2.0. Non-reacting experimental conditions involved sonic injection of nitrogen to safely simulate ethylene injected into the combustor at a jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratio of 2.6. Schlieren photographs were obtained to analyze the shock structure around the injectors. Reacting test conditions involved sonic injection of ethylene at the jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratios ranging from 0.5 to 2.7. High speed camera was used to capture the flame structures in the near-field combustion. The experimental results show that the aero-ramp injector produce sustained combustion over a wider range of fuel-air ratios than the single transverse injector. At the identical jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratio, the aero-ramp has a larger isolator margin than the single transverse injector, demonstrating a better ability for avoiding overflows. However, the air specific impulse and total temperature recovery of two injectors, which are calculated by the one-dimensional (1-D) performance analysis code, are almost identical.