翼型动态失速DBD等离子体流动控制的数值模拟研究

进行了翼型深度动态失速及基于DBD介质阻挡放电等离子体激励器的流动控制技术数值模拟研究。将激励器对流动空气的作用以彻体力源项形式加入N-S方程。通过数值求解此N-S方程,研究了DBD激励器对NACA0012翼型俯仰运动深度动态失速的控制作用;研究了DBD激励器工作方式对动态失速平均气动力、气动力迟滞曲线的影响,提出了控制效果较好的激励器工作方式。     

气动执行器的全生命周期成本分析

分析了气动执行器的能耗特点,结合空气消耗量和比能量概念,提出了一种气动执行器的能耗计算方法.为解决公用气动设备的购置成本划分问题,提出了一种用气设备成本均分法.结合生命周期成本的概念,建立了气动执行器基于用户的全生命周期成本模型(LCCBOU,Life-Cycle Costing Based On Users),进行了实例验证.该模型不仅适用于气动执行器的全生命周期成本分析,也适用于其它用气设备的成本分析.结果表明:用气设备成本均分法实现了气动系统成本的合理划分;气动执行器的LCCBOU模型通过了实例验证,并发现通过空压机的实时监控和气动系统的泄漏测量,LCCBOU模型结果能够做到更精确.      

"高压放电"对空气作用的试验研究

为了进一步提高"高压放电"对空气加速的能力,采用粒子图像测速(Particle Image Velocimetry,PIV)技术,研究了电极形状、电极电压、电极间距、布置方式等激励参数对气流的加速度和最终速度的作用规律.研究表明,采用针式电极能获得较高的极间空气诱导速度.研究结果为进一步提高诱导空气速度,掌握高效的流动控制技术奠定了基础.     

基于自适应动态规划的运载火箭智能姿态容错控制

针对运作火箭主动段发动机摆动执行机构故障下的姿态控制问题,结合自适应动态规划（ADP）方法设计了一种智能容错控制策略。该智能容错控制器主要包括2部分：容错稳定控制部分和优化补偿部分。容错稳定控制部分利用自适应和滑模变结构控制设计,主要维持执行机构故障下姿态控制系统的稳定,保证姿态跟踪误差的有限时间收敛;优化补偿部分采用执行-评价结构,利用ADP的在线学习优势,根据姿态系统的跟踪误差（尤其是系统故障、强干扰导致的跟踪偏差）,设计ADP算法产生补偿控制来进一步优化姿态控制系统的跟踪性能。仿真验证表明,即使存在外部干扰和执行机构故障的情况下,所提方法仍能保证系统稳定且精确跟踪指令信号。     

基于激励盘理论的螺旋桨滑流数值模拟研究

针对螺旋桨滑流流动复杂、非定常数值模拟难度大的问题,对激励盘模型进行深入研究,提高其对滑流模拟的精度。首先根据非定常数值模拟单独螺旋桨流动结果确定激励盘载荷。分析了考虑旋向载荷分布对滑流数值模拟的重要性。采用激励盘模型得到的定常滑流速度分布与螺旋桨非定常滑流的时间平均结果非常吻合,且采用激励盘理论能够明显地缩短模拟时间,在工程应用中具有很大的优势。     

基于AMESim的直升机液压助力器建模与仿真

介绍了直升机飞行操纵系统典型液压助力器的组成和工作原理,对助力器静动态性能分析方法进行了研究。综合考虑不可忽视液压刚度、结构刚度、摩擦、泄漏等非线性因素对系统的影响,建立了基于AMESim的助力器模型。利用该模型对直升机飞行操纵系统样例液压助力器进行仿真分析,将仿真结果和试验结果进行验证对比,结果表明仿真数据和试验数据基本吻合,较好地反映了实际系统的性能。因此仿真结果可以为直升机飞行操纵系统液压助力器打样设计和结构优化提供理论分析依据。     

微型飞行器桨翼气动干扰的数值模拟

对某一固定翼微型飞行器进行了桨翼气动干扰数值模拟研究,采用作用盘理论模拟真实桨盘的工作状态,通过时间平均稳态处理将非定常流场简化为准定常流场计算。利用FLUENT的用户自定义函数UDF实现作用盘前后压力、速度的变化。通过与无滑流影响下单独机身数值计算结果的比较,结果显示螺旋桨滑流延缓了机体上表面的气流分离,增强气流再附着能力,飞机的失速迎角增加2°,升力、阻力、俯仰力矩系数增加2%～5%,升阻比减小2%～3%。     

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Various Plasma Actuator Configurations on Lift and Drag Coefficients of a Circular Cylinder Including the Effects of Electrodes

In this paper, the effects of the existence of plasma actuator electrodes and also various configurations of the actuator for controlling the flow field around a circular cylinder are experimentally investigated. The cylinder is made of PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) and considered as a dielectric barrier. Two electrodes are flush-mounted on the surface of the cylinder and are connected to a DC high voltage power supply for generation of electrical discharge. Pressure distribution results show that the existence of the electrodes and also the plasma are able to change the pressure distribution around the cylinder and consequently the lift and drag coefficients. It is found that the effect of the existence of the electrodes is comparable with the effect of plasma actuator in controlling the flow field around the cylinder and this effect is not reported by other researchers. Eventually it is concluded that the existence of the electrodes or any extra objects on the cylinder and also the existence of the plasma are capable of changing the flow field structure around the cylinder so that the behavior of the lift and drag coefficients of the cylinder will be changed significantly.     

垂尾抖振主动控制的压电作动器布局优化

为了提高压电作动器垂尾抖振主动控制系统的控制性能,提出一种基于输出可控性的压电作动器优化准则。使用压电驱动载荷等效方法建立压电纤维复合材料（MFC）压电作动器力学模型,并建立了带MFC压电作动器垂尾结构模型的动力学方程。在模态可控性和模态价值理论的基础上,提出考虑剩余模态影响的压电作动器优化目标函数。针对垂尾结构的前5阶模态使用遗传算法优化得到压电作动器的布局方案,使用线性二次高斯（LQG）最优控制方法控制垂尾的抖振响应。仿真结果表明,本文优化得到的布局方案比用其他方法能更好地均衡系统的模态可控性,减小剩余模态的影响,获得更好的垂尾抖振响应控制。     

Energy-saving and accurate motion control of a hydraulic actuator with uncertain negative loads

Pump controlled hydraulic actuators are wildly used in the aerospace industry owing to the advantages of energy-saving and integrated configurations. Negative loads may occur to actuators due to external force loads or the inertial force when the actuator decelerates significantly. Uncertain negative load working conditions may cause cavitation, actuator vibration, and even instability to the motion control if the actuator is without sufficient meter-out damping. Various types of hydraulic configuration schemes have been proposed to deal with negative loads of hydraulic actuators. However, few of them can simultaneously achieve energy saving and high control accuracy. This study proposes an energy-saving and accurate motion tracking strategy for a hydraulic actuator with uncertain negative loads. The actuator’s motion is driven by a servomotor pump, which gives full play to the advantage of energy-saving. The meter-out pressure is controlled by proportional valves to provide the optimized meter-out damping. The nonlinear adaptive robust control law is designed, which guarantees the control stability and achieve high tracking accuracy. An integrated direct/indirect adaptation law obtains satisfactory parameter estimations and model compensation for asymptotic motion tracking. Comparative experiments under different working conditions were performed to validate the advantages of the proposed control strategy.