光学4F系统象平面附近光强分布的研究

首先推导出光学４Ｆ系统的一般衍射变换公式，用不透明圆盘模型算出了象平面附近三维空间内的光强分布。根据计算结果，定义了象的归一化半径和象的变缘锐化率，给出了它们与粒子离物平面远场数之间的关系，从而定量地得出成象区、失真区和远场区的物理图象。最后，对粒子场测量中的粒径和空间位置测量的最小误差作了讨论。这些结果，对分析粒子的大小和分布是十分重要的，并在喷嘴雾化场测试中得到了应用。     

数控布带缠绕机关键技术

 多功能数控布带缠绕机是集机械、电子、气动、控制、软件和数控等技术一体化的多学科交叉综合应用的复杂设备。从提高参数控制精度及匹配精度的角度出发,详细地介绍了一种新型布带缠绕机的结构、组成及实现方式,并对机床本体、张力控制系统、温度控制系统、压力控制系统及数控系统的设计与开发中的关键技术做了较为深入的探讨。将该技术应用于多功能布带缠绕设备中,采用专用数控系统、先进机械装置及控制算法,既实现了缠绕成型过程的自动化,又保证了缠绕制品的质量,解决了复合材料零部件成型过程的关键制造技术难题。     

舱外机动装置控制技术的实时仿真研究

舱外载人机动装置的姿态控制为非线性时变,并且带有不确定参数的系统控制问题,传统的控制理论难以处理该问题.为了验证自适应控制方法对该问题的处理以及该方法在工程上的实用性,因此在dSPACE平台上建立了半物理仿真系统,该系统真实模拟了现实环境并且仿真出真实可靠的结果,从而验证了自适应控制方法对于控制舱外机动装置具有良好的控制特性.      

Dy对EB-PVDβ-NiAl涂层高温瞬态氧化行为的影响(英文)

β-NiAl是一种有前景的应用于1150°C以上的抗氧化涂层材料。本文利用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)方法制备了0~0.5at%Dy含量的β-NiAl涂层,研究了涂层的瞬态氧化行为。1200°C时,在0.05at%Dy掺杂的涂层中只观察到了稳态α-Al2O3相,而在0.5at%Dy掺杂的涂层中,1h氧化过程中,发生了θ-Al2O3到α-Al2O3的相变。1100°C时,在最初的15min所有涂层均发生了θ-α相变。0.05at%Dy掺杂的涂层在45min的时候相变已经完成,这比0.5at%Dy掺杂涂层要早得多。过量Dy的掺杂能够延缓θ-α相变。未掺杂和过量掺杂涂层在20h氧化之后仍存在针状相θ-Al2O3,而0.05at%Dy掺杂的涂层中则为经典的颗粒状α-Al2O3形貌。     

Earth-Based Visible and Near-IR Imaging of Mercury

New planned orbiter missions to Mercury have prompted renewed efforts to investigate the surface of Mercury via ground-based remote sensing. While the highest resolution instrumentation optical telescopes (e.g., HST) cannot be used at angular distances close to the Sun, advanced ground-based astronomical techniques and modern analytical and software can be used to obtain the resolved images of the poorly known or unknown part of Mercury. Our observations of the planet presented here were carried out in many observatories at morning and evening elongation of the planet. Stacking the acquired images of the hemisphere of Mercury, which was not observed by the Mariner 10 mission (1974–1975), is presented. Huge features found there change radically the existing hypothesis that the “continental” character of a surface may be attributed to the whole planet. We present the observational method, the data analysis approach, the resulting images and obtained properties of the Mercury’s surface.     

唇口斜切修型对S形进气道RCS影响

采用基于迭代物理光学法与等效边缘电磁流法的雷达散射截面计算程序,分析了水平、垂直两种极化方式下唇口斜切修型对菱形进口S形进气道边缘绕射场及腔体内部散射场的影响。计算结果表明：在水平、垂直两种极化方式下,斜切修型可有效降低边缘绕射场的雷达散射截面,但随斜切角度的增大,其减小幅度降低;正负斜切角度对应的绕射场雷达散射截面分布关于0°探测角对称;斜切修型对腔体内部散射场的影响较小。     

Geometric problem solving with strings and pins

Humans solve spatial and abstract problems more easily if these can be visualized and/or physically manipulated. We analyze the domain of geometric problem solving from a cognitive perspective and identify several levels of domain abstraction that interact in the problem solving process. We discuss the roles of physical manifestations of spatial configurations, their manipulation, and their perception for understanding problem solving processes. We propose an extension of the classical problem solving repertoire of constructive geometry to approach certain problems more directly than under the compass-and-straightedge paradigm. Specifically, we introduce strings and pins as helpful metaphors for a generalization of the constructive geometry approach. We present classical problems from spatial problem solving to illustrate the ‘strings and pins’ paradigm. Three case studies are discussed: strings-and-pins solutions to (i) the ellipse construction problem; (ii) the shortest path problem; and (iii) the angle trisection problem. Comparisons to formal solutions are drawn. Differences and similarities between the compass-and-straightedge paradigm and the strings-and-pins paradigm are analyzed. Features and limitations of constructive and depictive geometry as well as implications for computational approaches are discussed. The strings-and-pins domain is shown to be more general and less restrictive than the compass-and-straightedge domain.     

Coating deposition regularity depended on orientation difference in PS-PVD plasma jet

The YSZ coatings are prepared by the plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) technology based on a specific experimental design. The structure, thickness and growth angle of YSZ coatings on the entire circumferential surface of the cylindrical sample are studied. The results indicated that the structure, thickness and deflection growth angle of YSZ coatings are related to the orientation of deposition location. The numerical simulation of the multiphase mixed fluid near the substrate is carried out and the deposition regularity and mechanism of YSZ coatings prepared by PS-PVD is deduced. The growth rate is related to the local characteristics of the plasma flow field, and is directly proportional to the field pressure and inversely proportional to the field velocity. The growth angle of the coating is generally affected by the flow direction of the plasma jet. Especially, the normal component of velocity vector, V_norm, mainly affects the speed at which the coating grows vertically upwards. The tangential component of velocity vector, V_tan, determines the degree that the coating growth direction deviates from the vertical direction. When V_tan ≠ 0, the coating forms a fine column with a certain deflection angle and finally develops into an oblique columnar structure.     

基于自适应观测器的飞轮故障诊断物理仿真

研究了反作用飞轮的故障诊断问题.针对反作用飞轮的非线性数学模型,分析了其故障模式,建立了其故障的参数化描述方法,并在此基础上提出了一种基于参数自适应投影的反作用飞轮故障诊断方法.该方法通过构造观测器,利用参数自适应投影算法来更新参数信息,保证观测器的误差收敛到零.最后对飞轮的正常模式和3种故障模式进行了物理仿真实验,结果表明提出的方法有效可行.     

瑞利索莫菲衍射与物理光学积分的应用比较

针对准光学中电磁场传播的计算问题,研究了从不同角度出发所采用的瑞利索莫菲标量衍射积分公式和基于矢量的物理光学积分公式内在的一致性与区别.首先从物理概念上区分这两种积分方法,然后在平行口面间电磁场传播的条件下,讨论两种积分公式的一致性.借助高斯波束传播解析解作对比,分别应用两种积分方法实现了高斯波束传播的数值仿真,给出了二者在处理电磁场传播问题时的精度与处理矢量衍射时的不同应用.