Transition prediction and sensitivity analysis for a natural laminar flow wing glove flight experiment

Natural laminar flow technology can significantly reduce aircraft aerodynamic drag and has excellent technical appeal for transport aircraft development with high aerodynamic efficiency. Accurately and efficiently predicting the laminar-to-turbulent transition and revealing the maintenance mechanism of laminar flow in a transport aircraft’s flight environment are significant for developing natural laminar flow wings. In this research, we carry out natural laminar flow flight experiments with different Reynolds numbers and angles of attack. The critical N-factor is calibrated as 9.0 using flight experimental data and linear stability theory from a statistical perspective, which makes sure that the relative error of transition location is within 5%. We then implement a simplified e^N transition prediction method with a similar accuracy compared with linear stability theory. We compute the sensitivity information for the simplified e^N method with an adjoint-based method, using the automatic differentiation technique (ADjoint). The impact of Reynolds numbers and pressure distributions on TS waves is analyzed using the sensitivity information. Through the sensitivity analysis, we find that: favorable pressure gradients not only suppress the development of TS waves but also decrease their sensitivity to Reynolds numbers; there exist three special regions which are very sensitive to the pressure distribution, and the sensitivity decreases as the local favorable pressure gradient increases. The proposed sensitivity analysis method enables robust natural laminar flow wings design.     

Construction of Crack Perturbation Model and Forward Semi-analytical Model of Attached Eddy Current Sensor

Fatigue damage monitoring is critical metallic structure health monitoring of aircraft.The sensor should be high sensitive,easy to be integrated into structure and well adaptable for poor working conditions.Therefore,an attached eddy current sensor with flexible plane is put forward and its characteristics are analyzed.By extracting material′s conductivity as the crack features,forward semi-analytical model is established and parameter optimizations are carried out.Crack perturbation model of attached eddy current sensor is constructed,and perturbation voltages of sensing channels under three-dimension structural crack are obtained.To verify the sensor′s performance,monitoring experiment on crack extension is conducted under condition of 3 MHz frequency.The validation experimental results show that perturbation model of 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy agrees well with experiment results,and perturbation model errors of four sensing channels are within 25%.The attached eddy current sensor is capable of testing the crack nondestructively and measuring the crack extension quantitatively with the accuracy of 1mm.     

考虑进口非均匀的喷管设计及冷流条件下的性能研究

超燃冲压发动机尾喷管与燃烧室直接相连,由于没有几何喉道和收缩段的整流作用,实际工作过程中尾喷管的进口气流是非均匀的,因而有必要研究非均匀进口条件下的尾喷管设计方法。以超燃冲压发动机尾喷管非均匀进口马赫数分布为条件,采用有旋特征线设计了超燃冲压发动机非对称尾喷管的等熵膨胀型线。利用数值模拟和试验相结合的方法研究了冷流条件下喷管的气动性能。结果表明,在相同的进口条件下,相对于假定进口马赫数均匀分布设计得到的喷管,考虑进口马赫数非均匀分布设计的喷管推力增加0.6%~2.0%,负升力降低可达82.0%,俯仰力矩增加8.6%~13.0%,这说明在喷管的设计过程中考虑进口参数分布的非均匀性是有必要的。     

轴承腔气相介质流场的理论与试验

采用有限元数值分析和试验研究的方法,研究了航空发动机轴承腔气相介质的压力场和速度场,探讨了转子转速和密封进气量等工况参数对轴承腔气相介质压力和速度分布的影响规律,研究工作表明:轴承腔气相介质压力随着转子转速、无量纲径向坐标、密封进气量的增加而增高;气相介质无量纲切向速度随着转子转速增高而增大,随着密封进气量增大而减小.试验结果表明:随着转子转速和密封进气量的增加,气相介质压力的试验结果与计算结果吻合性均增高.通过计算和试验揭示出的工况参数对轴承腔气相介质压力的影响规律,有助于轴承腔气相介质流动物理特性研究的完整性.      

The pGAPS experiment: An engineering balloon flight of prototype GAPS

The General Anti-Particle Spectrometer (GAPS) project is being carried out to search for primary cosmic-ray antiparticles especially for antideuterons produced by cold dark matter. GAPS plans to realize the science observation by Antarctic long duration balloon flights in the late 2010s. In preparation for the Antarctic science flights, an engineering balloon flight using a prototype of the GAPS instrument, “pGAPS”, was successfully carried out in June 2012 in Japan to verify the basic performance of each GAPS subsystem. The outline of the pGAPS flight campaign is briefly reported.     

反射面天线机电耦合分析及实验验证

针对反射面天线分析设计中存在的机电分离问题,使用结构分析软件得到天线面板的 结构变形,将变形转化为相位差引入天线远区电场公式中。通过推导的网格转换矩阵,在结 构网格的基础上完成天线远区电场的计算。同时根据半功率波瓣宽度预估方向图的离散精度 。利用某3.7米卡氏通信天线进行了验证实验,试验结果表明本文方法是正确有效的。与软 件集成的分析方法相比,该方法不但电磁分析精度较高,而且分析时间更短。
     

一种原位测量轨道原子氧效应的电阻型传感器

为了发展原子氧环境及其效应飞行实验技术,获得在轨飞行实验数据,北京卫星环境工程研究所研制了一种小型、低成本的原子氧环境及其效应探测器。这种探测器的传感器采用对原子氧敏感的导电材料制备电阻膜。电阻膜在飞行试验中遭遇到原子氧剥蚀。在轨道飞行实验中,通过原位监测受原子氧剥蚀传感器电阻值的变化,可以探测原子氧环境通量密度及被试验样品的原子氧剥蚀率。目前,采用电镀法及紫外线光刻和金属刻蚀微加工技术,已经成功制备了原子氧通量密度锇膜电阻传感器。它可以测量原子氧的通量密度和积分通量,在400～500 km的轨道高度工作寿命约为1年。原子氧效应探测器是在石英玻璃基底上淀积银膜,试验材料膜涂覆在银膜上。试验材料膜在轨与原子氧反应而变得越来越薄,当其被完全剥蚀后,暴露出来的银膜迅速被氧化,并且电阻变大。试验材料膜的剥蚀时间可以确定,试验材料的原子氧剥蚀率就可以计算出来。     

深冷环路热管传热性能研究

通过实验,从超临界启动特性、传热能力、周期性载荷适应能力等方面,对自行设计的一套小型深冷环路热管进行了研究,并对实验现象进行了描述与分析。结果表明该深冷环路热管能够顺利完成超临界启动过程,且副蒸发器功率越大,主蒸发器降温越迅速;完成启动后主蒸发器具有独立运行能力,主蒸发器独立运行时具有12W×0.5m的传热能力;该深冷环路热管对周期性载荷具有很好的适应能力。     

双因子仿真结果水平分析方法

针对双因子的情况,提出了一种仿真结果水平分析方法,旨在对各因子的不同水平以及各因子水平组合的交互作用进行分析.当仿真结果不正确时,并非所有因子的所有水平以及它们之间所有的交互作用全都仿真错误.该方法可以确定哪些因子的哪几个水平未被正确仿真,或哪几对因子水平组合的交互作用未被正确模拟.在工程应用中,只需按照文中给出的流程图进行判断,即可为仿真软件系统的编制和修改提供依据.