相控阵天线幅相校正的简单方法

文章介绍了对相控阵各个单元信号的初始相位及幅度进行幅相校正的简单方法——旋转矢量法。在测量中仅涉及幅度测量而没有相位的测量,大大减化了测量的复杂性与难度。文章进行了计算机的仿真计算,结果证明采用该方法可以有效地改进天线的辐射性能。     

FY-2C星多通道扫描辐射计及其在轨运行

介绍了风云二号(FY-2)C静止气象卫星多通道扫描辐射计的性能、组成和工作原理,以及为适应将3通道改为5通道而完成的5通道焦平面、光学系统、结构、电子学、红外探测器、辐射致冷器、光学薄膜和第二扫描结构等主要设计改进.卫星的在轨测试和运行结果表明,C星扫描辐射计在第一代自旋静止气象卫星上实现了包括中波红外的5通道同时对地观测,图像质量总体优于同类GMS5,METEOSAT-5静止气象卫星,与目前应用的GOES9三轴稳定静止气象卫星基本相当.     

用杂波子空间近似法实现机载相控阵雷达的自适应杂波抑制

在机载情况下，多普勒展宽的时变杂波可以由相控阵雷达中的空间－时间处理器得到最佳的抑制。然而对于大型阵列的实时应用却很困难，这是由于这种空间－时间最优处理要求很高的计算量（大约为每次迭代Ｏ｛（ＮＭ）＾２｝，其中Ｎ为阵元数，Ｍ为时间采样数）。在本文中，首先通过杂波子空间分析证明了杂波自由度小于Ｎ＋Ｍ，且单个多勒滤波器输出的杂波自由度很小，从而可以用一个仅有Ｎ＋Ｍ个自由度的低阶处理器来实现最佳的杂波抑制     

Examining LiDAR – WorldView-3 data synergy to generate a detailed stand map in a mixed forest in the north-west of Turkey

Although stand delineation approach based on aerial photographs and field survey produces high accuracy maps, it is labour-intensive and time consuming. Furthermore, conventional forest stand maps may have some uncertainties that can hardly be verified due to the experiments and skills of photo-interpreters. Therefore, researchers have been seeking more objective and cost-effective methods for forest mapping. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data have a high potential to automatically delineate forest stands. Unlike optical sensors, LiDAR height data provides information about both the horizontal and vertical structural characteristics of forest stands. However, it deprives of spectral data that may be successfully used in separating tree species. In this study, we investigate the potential of LiDAR – WorldView-3 data synergy for the automatic generation of a detailed forest stand map which can be used for a tactical forest management plan. Firstly, image segmentation was applied to LiDAR data alone and LiDAR/WorldView-3 data set in order to obtain the most suitable image objects representing forest stands. Visual inspection of the segmentation results showed that image objects based on the LiDAR/WorldView-3 data set were more compatible with the reference forest stand boundaries. After the segmentation process, the LiDAR and LiDAR/WorldView-3 data sets were independently classified using object-based classification method. We tested two levels of classification. The first was a detailed classification with 14 classes considering reference stand types. The second was the rough classification with 9 classes where some stand types were combined. The mean, standard deviation and texture features of LiDAR metrics and spectral information were used in the classification. The accuracy assessment results of LiDAR data showed that the Overall Accuracy (OA) was calculated as 0.31 and 0.43, and the Kappa Index (KIA) was calculated as 0.26 and 0.32 for the detailed and rough classifications, respectively. For the LiDAR/WorldView-3 data set, the OA values were calculated as 0.50 and 0.61, and the KIA were calculated as 0.46 and 0.55 for the detailed and rough classifications, respectively. These results showed that the forest stand map derived from the LiDAR/WorldView-3 data synergy is more compatible with the reference forest stand map. In conclusion, it can be said that the forest stand maps produced in this study may provide strategic forest planning needs, but it is not sufficient for tactical forest management plans.     

扫描曲面的设计方法及应用

本文通过截线扫描法构造Ｂ－Ｓｐｌｉｎｅ曲面，介绍了扫描面的特性，并结合具体实例说明该方法在造型设计中的应用价值。     

一种非线性规划的求解方法与燃气发生器的设计

阐述了一种新的非线性规划的求解方法。即对每个参变量在其可能变化区间内，按照特定的步长依次代入约束方程来观察是否满足约束条件，从而求得若干组可行解。变量变化的步长通过非线性方程组各个方程在近似结点的全微分的分析获得。步长的确定是本方法的关键。文中并示范性列举了本方法在燃气发生器设计中的作用。     

汽车复合曲面斜截面外形计算方法的研究

提出了一种用于计算汽车车身复合曲面斜截面外形的有效算法。根据实际问题的情况，提出了沿复合曲面三条边界扫描找始点及用自适应步长跟踪求迹的算法。该算法简化了扫描过程，缩短了计算时间，并且所得到的交点记录了坐标值和相应曲面片的参数值。测试显示这种算法简单实用、快速有效，在车身复杂曲面截面质量分析和自由曲面数控加工刀位轨迹计算等方面具有实际应用价值。     

大气状态下SPM纳米加工系统的开发

商业化和大多数自制SPM开发和研制的目的主要是获得表面的信息,要想使它适合扫描探针加工的要求,必须对其进行一些必要的改进。本文讨论在DI公司多功能SPM基础上开发的纳米加工系统。     

分区扫描对激光沉积成形钛合金T型接头温度场与应力场的影响

从分区扫描可以有效降低激光沉积成形大尺寸结构残余应力的工程经验出发,采用热弹塑性有限元理论,建立可以模拟成形过程温度场与应力场的有限元模型,研究不同分区扫描方式对激光沉积成形钛合金T型接头温度/应力演变过程、监测点热循环曲线以及残余应力的影响。结果表明:热应力与残余应力最大值均出现在T型接头上缘条与基板接触的4个外角点上,与分区扫描方式无关;分区扫描对T型接头外角点与短边外面中点影响较小,对于内部节点、内角点与长边外面中点的热循环曲线及热应力曲线有一定的影响;分区扫描对残余应力分布影响较大,尤其是对沿指定截面残余应力分布规律与最大残余应力幅值有显著的影响。     

相控阵超声检测方案设计关键技术及其在航空航天领域的应用

相控阵超声检测技术是一种多通道超声检测方法,与常规单通道水浸超声检测技术相比,检测方案的制定更加灵活也更加复杂。在针对复杂型面结构进行检测方案设计时,错误的检测方案将可能产生缺陷的误检、漏检等严重问题。为了针对航空航天领域广泛存在的复杂结构试件制定最优的相控阵超声检测方案,本文提出了一套针对复杂型面结构的相控阵超声检测方案设计流程,并对其中涉及的关键技术和应用进行介绍。首先,对流程框架进行总体概述,表明检测方案设计的重要性和必要性;然后针对其中涉及的5项关键理论方法的核心原理及用途进行介绍;最后搭建相控阵超声软硬件平台,实现上述关键理论方法,并用于航空航天典型结构件的检测研究。研究结果表明,所制定方案能够准确检出结构内部的预埋缺陷,满足被测对象的检测要求,并且所提出的检测方案设计流程及采用的关键理论方法有效地提高了检测方案的设计效率,对航空航天等重要领域复杂结构试件的检测应用具有一定的理论指导及应用价值。