A novel virtual material layer model for predicting natural frequencies of composite bolted joints

A novel virtual material layer model based on the fractal theory was proposed to predict the natural frequencies of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite bolted joints. Rough contact surfaces of composite bolted joints are modeled with this new proposed approach. Numerical and experimental modal analyses were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. A good consistence is noted between the numerical and experimental results. To demonstrate the necessity of accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces in the prediction of natural frequencies, virtual material layer model was compared with the widely used traditional model based on the Master-Slave contact algorithm and experiments, respectively. Results show that the proposed model has a better agreement with experiments than the widely used traditional model (the prediction accuracy is raised by 8.77% when the pre-tightening torque is 0.5 N∙m). Real contact area ratio A* of three different virtual material layers were calculated. Value of A* were discussed with dimensionless load P*, fractal dimension D and fractal roughness G. This work provides a new efficient way for accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces and predicting the natural frequencies of composite bolted joints, which can be used to help engineers in the dynamic design of composite materials.     

3,3'-二硝胺基-4,4'-偶氮呋咱二肼盐的合成、表征及性能研究

以二氨基呋咱(DAF)为原料,经氧化、硝化、中和反应合成出3,3'-二硝胺基-4,4'-偶氮呋咱二肼盐(Hy2DNAAF),对其结构进行了表征,并对其热性能、机械感度性能、爆轰性能、单元推进剂和Hy2DNAAF-CMDB推进剂的性能进行了研究。结果表明,Hy2DNAAF的热分解峰温为208℃,特性落高为25.7cm。Hy2DNAAF的理论爆速为8635m/s,理论爆压为32.61GPa,Hy2DNAAF单元推进剂的理论比冲为2717N·s/kg,特征速度为1734.3m/s。Hy2DNAAFCMDB推进剂的理论比冲为2 522.9N·s/kg,特征速度为1591.1m/s。     

一种航天器单脉冲差模角跟踪系统的标定及测试方法

介绍了航天器单脉冲差模角跟踪系统的组成和基本原理;针对捕获跟踪系统性能与射频通道相位特性的相关性,提出了在无线状态下通过用户目标在一定范围内按一定轨迹运动进行射频通道相位标定及跟踪性能测试的方法;在此基础上进一步提出了利用信号源模拟用户目标在角跟踪系统天线坐标系下不同位置时天线输出的射频信号,进行有线状态下射频通道性能的测试方法。标定及测试方法通过地面试验验证了可行性和有效性,可用于航天器单脉冲差模角跟踪系统在地面的通道相位标定、跟踪性能测试和射频通道性能测试,以实现角跟踪系统对用户目标高精度、稳定的跟踪。     

面向绕月交会对接的同波束VLBI研究

针对"嫦娥5号"(CE-5)探测器间高精度相对测量需求,设计了我国深空干涉测量处理中心框架下的同波束VLBI处理算法,分析了X波段同波束VLBI相位解模糊条件和结果;通过引入群时延辅助的相位干涉技术,大幅抑制了干涉时延随机误差,为同波束VLBI中相位解模糊提供了先验条件;利用CE-5对接实测数据验证了本文工作的有效性,为CE-5任务同波束VLBI的实施奠定了基础。     

电介质材料的二次电子发射动态特性研究

介质材料的动态特性是二次电子发射特性研究中的重要组成部分。通过数值模拟方法建立有效二次电子收集效率模型,可研究多种测量参数对介质动态特性的共同作用。模拟结果表明,空间电场和收集极结构对有效二次电子收集极效率的影响有一定相关性,收集极电位增大能提高有效二次电子收集效率,而动态过程中的半高宽时间则线性增加。另外收集极结构变化能够影响空间电场的作用效果。二者通过直接影响收集效率,间接改变表面电荷积累来引起动态特性的变化。入射束流则可直接影响表面电荷积累速度,使得半高宽时间线性增加或减小。研究结果对于揭示介质材料带电产生的动态过程以及指导实验准确测量二次电子发射系数具有科学意义。     

材料非线性在折叠舵有限元计算中的运用

介绍了运用有限元方法对折叠舵进行了基于材料非线性的弹塑性分析。由于舵面上受到的载荷较大,超过材料的屈服强度,使接触区域材料进入塑性状态。如果进入塑性状态的范围过大,则结构将受到破坏,如果不采用弹塑性方法计算,而采用弹性方法计算,则舵的应力会更大,使舵面尖弦后缘点挠度变小,与试验值相比误差较大,不能忽略其材料非线性对变形计算的影响,本文考虑材料非线性的影响变形计算结果与实验结果吻合较好,因此,舵面变形最好使用弹塑性方法计算。     

移动电子设备相变热控单元热性能的数值仿真

采用相变材料(PCM,Phase Change Material)的热控制单元(TCU,Thermal Control Unit)可以很好地实现对可移动电子设备的热控制,避免设备过热而引起的热故障.建立了分析TCU热性能的二维数学模型,并进行了数值计算.结果表明:加肋和填充泡沫-PCM复合材料的设计方案可以显著提高TCU热性能,能很好地满足电子元件的工作要求.此外,还对加肋和填充泡沫-PCM提高TCU性能的效果进行了比较,结果表明:填充泡沫-PCM复合材料的方案更具优势.所得结论对移动电子设备TCU的设计和优化有一定的指导作用.     

一种经济型测量传声器的改装、校准及应用

基于一种消费电子类的麦克风设计改装了一种经济型测量传声器,并设计了校准实验装置对其进行校准.对校准实验装置的可靠性进行了验证,利用该装置对自制传声器的幅值、相位进行了校准,将校准后的传声器安装在实验室的流管实验装置上进行测量,并和B&K(Bruel&Kjaer)公司的4938型传声器同样条件下的测量结果进行比较,对比结果显示自制传声器经过校准以后可以作为测量传声器应用.      

Low C/N_0 Carrier Tracking Loop Based on Optimal Estimation Algorithm in GPS Software Receivers

Suppressing jitter noises in a phase locked loop(PLL) is of great importance in order to keep precise and continuous track of global positioning system(GPS) signals characterized by low carrier-to-noise ratio(C/N0).This article proposes and analyzes an improved Kalman-filter-based PLL to process weak carrier signals in GPS software receivers.After reviewing the optimal-bandwidth-based traditional second-order PLL,a Kalman-filter-based estimation algorithm is implemented for the new PLL by decorrelating the model error noises and the measurement noises.Finally,the efficiency of this new Kalman-filter-based PLL is verified by experimental data.Compared to the traditional second-order PLL,this new PLL is in position to make correct estimation of the carrier phase differences and Doppler shifts with less overshoots and noise disturbances and keeps an effective check on the disturbances out of jitter noises in PLL.The results show that during processing normal signals,this improved PLL reduces the standard deviation from 0.010 69 cycle to 0.007 63 cycle,and for weak signal processing,the phase jitter range and the Doppler shifts can be controlled within ±17° and ±5Hz as against ±25° and ±15 Hz by the traditional PLL.     

碳酚醛-铝板中二维X射线热击波数值模拟

文章利用平面应变正交各向异性材料率相关性的弹塑性本构模型和各向同性材料理想弹塑性本构模型,采用有限元方法编写程序,对X射线辐照碳酚醛-铝板时诱导的热击波进行数值模拟,讨论了热击波的传播规律。结果表明,在1 keV的 X射线辐照下,X射线穿透极浅,材料表面发生气化现象,应力峰值较大;在3 keV的X射线辐照下,X射线穿透较深,热击波呈现双波结构,材料的层裂更明显。