A comprehensive study of the 2016 Mw 6.0 Italy earthquake based on high-rate (10 Hz) GPS data

The 2016 M_w 6.0 Italy earthquake is successfully recorded by the near-field 10?Hz GPS and 200?Hz Strong Motion (SM) stations, providing valuable data for this study. A comprehensive study of this earthquake is carried out based on GPS data, which contains coseismic deformations analysis, noise analysis, seismic wave picking, and magnitude determination. The noise of most GPS-derived displacement waveforms can be described as a combination of white noise, flicker noise, and random walk noise after the earthquake occurrence, and the spectral indices vary significantly for most stations, implying that the seismic signals have affected the noise characteristic of GPS-derived displacement waveforms. S-transform is employed to assess the GPS capability to detect the seismic arrival time. The SM station AMT and the GPS station AMAT are in good agreement in seismic wave picking, and the difference is only 1.2?s in the north component, suggesting that the outcome of seismic wave picking using GPS data is reliable. Then, a classic empirical formula is employed to determine the moment magnitude. A robust moment magnitude (Mw 5.90) can be estimated by the nine GPS stations with about 23.9?s. If four GPS stations near the epicenter is chosen to determine the magnitude, it only take 13.0?s to retrieve a reliable preliminary (Mw 5.82) magnitude, which is 5.4?s ahead of nine stations. In addition, Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) is adopted to measuring the correlation and phase relationship between GPS and SM records. The result of XWT analysis indicates 10?Hz GPS is capable of capturing reliable and accurate coseismic dynamic deformations, as evidenced by the XWT-based semblance being close to 1 between GPS and SM records. The above results confirm the capability of 10?Hz GPS to capture coseismic dynamic deformations, detect seismic arrival time, and determine earthquake magnitude. Moreover, rapid magnitude determination based on 10?Hz GPS data can be regarded as an important supplement to Earthquake Early Warning (EEW).     

Availability modeling for periodically inspection system with different lifetime and repair-time distribution

Availability is a main feature of design and operation of all engineering system. Recently,availability evaluation of periodical inspection systems with different structures is at the center of attention due to the wide application in engineering. In this paper, an analytical and probabilistic availability model for periodical inspection system is proposed by a new recursively algorithm,which can achieve limiting average availability and instantaneous availability of periodical inspection system under arbitrary lifetime and repair-time distributions. Then three application examples are presented, the systems lifetime and repair-time are respectively fellow exponential/exponential,Weibull/normal and Weibull/lognormal distribution. Finally, a Weibull/lognormal system is studied to analyze the dynamic relationship between inspection period and availability. The results indicate that the proposed approach can provide the technology support for improving system availability and determining reasonable inspection period.     

非牛顿大滑滚比工况的斜齿轮热摩擦特性分析

考虑啮合过程中接触线长度及齿面载荷的时变性,结合沿接触线方向综合曲率半径及卷吸速度的瞬态特点,建立满足航空传动润滑剂非牛顿流体及大滑滚比工况的有限长线接触斜齿轮热弹流润滑(TEHL)模型。采用多重网格法及逐列扫描法,获得适用于宽泛工况范围的斜齿轮热弹流润滑完全数值解;分析非牛顿及大滑滚比情形下的斜齿轮传动热摩擦特性。结果表明:斜齿轮端部存在明显压力及温度尖峰,且离入口愈近膜厚会略减小;非牛顿特性对温度场影响显著,且接触线过节点时温度分布呈“V”型分布;摩擦因数沿啮合线方向在节点处接近于0且向两侧逐渐增大,同时随滑滚比的增大而增大。      

伺服机构负载模拟系统设计与动态特性分析

针对火箭发动机喷管伺服机构的负载模拟问题,采用机械的方式,设计了一种可对伺服机构的惯性负载、摩擦力矩负载、弹性力矩负载、安装刚度以及发动机喷管柔性特征进行模拟的负载模拟器,并建立了模拟器和伺服机构数学模型。仿真分析了惯性负载、弹性力矩以及喷管柔性对伺服机构负载多自由度特性的影响。通过对伺服机构扫频实验,负载模拟器中的负载在一定范围内调节,可复现伺服机构实际工作中的动态特性。说明该负载模拟器结构设计合理,从而为具有多自由度特性的火箭伺服机构的负载模拟系统设计提供参考。该系统已经得到实际应用。     

小天体软着陆中的地面特征区域提取与跟踪算法

考虑到自主导航过程中的特征区域检测与跟踪问题,提出了一种新的跟踪算法。该算法是基于DIMES框架。首先,对在软着陆过程中拍摄的行星表面图像进行亮度均衡化,对处理后的图像进行二值化;然后,对二值化特征区域进行模板匹配找出高度相关位置点;最后,根据特征区域之间的几何关系确定特征区域的搜索范围,再分别提取这些相关点所代表区域的特征向量,并且与模板的特征向量进行相似性分析从而找到相似性最大的位置点。通过两组小行星表面图片进行分析验证得到了较好的效果。     

整机条件下涡扇发动机部件特征参数辨识

为解决整机条件下难于直接获得部件全部特征参数的问题,在计算发动机部件特征参数对整机性能敏感度的基础上,利用条件数分析参数之间的相关性最终确定可修正参数数量.这样即可构造工程上可解的辨识问题,并通过最小二乘法求解.仿真计算结果显示:高压压气机效率为0.982与初设值0.98一致,说明该方法从理论上是可行的.从具体实例的辨识结果来看,有压气机后温度测试时部件效率降低量值符合实际结果;无压气机后温度测试时高压压气机效率较设计状态偏高12.7%,不符合实际发动机工作情况.显然辨识问题是病态的,为此可修正参数不应超过6个.      

基于浴盆曲线故障率函数的FFOP预计方法

与传统可靠性指标中假设产品的随机失效不可避免不同,无故障工作期(FFOP)内产品不会发生任何故障(即零故障)。首先阐述了FFOP的概念内涵、与平均故障间隔时间(MTBF)的区别和联系,提出了一种FFOP的预计方法。该方法假设产品的故障率函数具有浴盆曲线特征、故障发生过程为泊松过程、产品具有固定的免维修工作期。然后以一种改进的Weibull分布函数描述具有浴盆曲线函数特征产品的故障率。基于泊松过程理论,给出了FFOP的预计算法、流程和仿真验证手段。最后以某型无人机舵机为案例对研究方法的可用性进行了验证。结果表明:FFOP与免维修工作期(MFOP)、置信度水平密切相关,及时维修的产品能够保证较长的FFOP。在工程应用时,FFOP的确定应综合考虑运行维护费用进行权衡。     

激光光斑形状及入射角对PSD位置输出影响的研究

位置敏感探测器（PSD）探测的是光斑能量的重心位置,通常利用半导体激光器作为PSD位置探测的光源。半导体激光器的光源存在衍射现象,入射角度的变化会引起光斑能量重心的变化,从而导致PSD输出特性的变化。本文通过计算得出圆光斑和＂十＂字形光斑的能量分布,光阑半径越小,光波长越长,衍射现象越明显,对PSD的输出影响越大。通过分析入射角变化对PSD输出特性的影响得出：入射光线在PSD敏感面垂直位置附近发生小角度变化时,重心的偏移会很微小,对PSD的输出特性影响较小。     

考虑缓冲器非线性的桨毂中心动特性仿真分析

通过试验数据拟合建立缓冲器非线性动力学模型,采用仿真分析方法,仿真考虑缓冲器非线性动力学特性的桨毂中心动特性试验.仿真结果与试验结果进行比较表明,采用缓冲器非线性动力学模型能较准确地预计桨毂中心非线性动力学特性.分析了缓冲器非线性动力学特性对桨毂中心动特性的影响.     

电介质材料的二次电子发射动态特性研究

介质材料的动态特性是二次电子发射特性研究中的重要组成部分。通过数值模拟方法建立有效二次电子收集效率模型,可研究多种测量参数对介质动态特性的共同作用。模拟结果表明,空间电场和收集极结构对有效二次电子收集极效率的影响有一定相关性,收集极电位增大能提高有效二次电子收集效率,而动态过程中的半高宽时间则线性增加。另外收集极结构变化能够影响空间电场的作用效果。二者通过直接影响收集效率,间接改变表面电荷积累来引起动态特性的变化。入射束流则可直接影响表面电荷积累速度,使得半高宽时间线性增加或减小。研究结果对于揭示介质材料带电产生的动态过程以及指导实验准确测量二次电子发射系数具有科学意义。