加力用扇形喷嘴雾化特性试验

根据加力燃烧室内锥凹腔点火与联焰要求,设计了扇形喷嘴并开展相应的雾化试验,研究了供油压差、扇形角度及扇形出口高度等参数对流量特性和雾化特性的影响以及加力环境下横向气流的温度、速度和供油压差对索太尔平均直径(SMD)及穿透深度的影响。采用称质量法测量流量系数,利用马尔文粒度仪和高速摄影仪对下游SMD、雾化角度及穿透深度进行测量。结果表明:①供油压差增大,流量系数先减少,后稳定;②供油压差一定,扇形出口角度越大,流量系数和雾化角度也越大;③扇形出口高度增加,雾化效果变好;④出口位置对雾化特性影响不大;⑤供油压差越大,穿透深度越大,SMD减小;⑥横向气流速度越大、温度越高,穿透深度越浅,油雾场越靠近下游;⑦横向气流温度越高, SMD越小。     

Young Children's Perception of Diagrammatic Representations

Diagrams and pictorial representations are common in children's lives and require abstraction away from visual perception. In three experiments, we investigated 4- to 8-year-olds’ comprehension of such representations. In Experiment 1 (N = 80), children were shown photographs of geometric objects and asked to choose the corresponding line drawing from among sets of four, or vice versa. Results showed considerable developmental progression, especially around age 6. Experiment 2 (N = 16) ruled out that 4-year-olds’ difficulties were due to problems with the visual matching task itself. Experiment 3 (N = 32) showed comparable performance for matching diagrams to 3D objects rather than to photographs. Findings suggest increasing understanding of diagrammatic representations around the time of school entry.     

反舰导弹突防效能分析

建立了反舰导弹雷达对抗效能模型,并对基于动态场景的突防效能进行了仿真和效能比较,验证了不同干扰方式的多目标干扰能力,为反舰导弹突防设计提供一定的依据。     

Cutting force prediction for circular end milling process

A deduced cutting force prediction model for circular end milling process is presented in this paper. Traditional researches on cutting force model usually focus on linear milling process which does not meet other cutting conditions, especially for circular milling process. This paper presents an improved cutting force model for circular end milling process based on the typical linear milling force model. The curvature effects of tool path on chip thickness as well as entry and exit angles are analyzed, and the cutting force model of linear milling process is then corrected to fit circular end milling processes. Instantaneous cutting forces during circular end milling process are predicted according to the proposed model. The deduced cutting force model can be used for both linear and circular end milling processes. Finally, circular end milling experiments with constant and variable radial depth were carried out to verify the availability of the proposed method. Experiment results show that measured results and simulated results corresponds well with each other.     

电磁波频率和天线深度对水下环天线的影响

海水中的环天线是进行水下电磁通信的主要手段,研究其在空气中产生的场具有重要的实际意义。针对这个问题,建立了3层导电媒质(空气、海水、大地)条件下海水中环天线的辐射模型,得到了空气中电磁场的解析表达式。采用控制变量法,仿真分析了电磁波传播频率和发射天线深度对水下环天线在空气中产生的场的影响,为水下电磁通信的实际应用提供了依据。     

PN制导律多模型自适应辨识滤波方法

针对导弹主动防御应用中拦截导弹制导行为辨识问题,提出一种比例导引（PN）制导律多模型辨识滤波方法,对拦截导弹加速度和制导律导航常数进行辨识。采用非线性可观性理论对制导模型的可观性进行了分析。得出在拦截导弹使用PN制导律时,制导模型可观的充要条件。与以往工作相比,该方法考虑了拦截导弹末制导初期由于瞄准误差校正而引起的控制器饱和现象,在拦截导弹执行器处于饱和或退出饱和阶段都能精确对制导律进行辨识。另外,以往工作假定PN制导律常数已知,该方法将PN制导律常数当做制导模型的一个状态进行估计。仿真结果校验了所提方法的性能。     

FIELD STUDIES OF SINGLE POINT IMPACT ON LIQUEFIABLE SOIL FOUNDATION OF HIGHWAY

A highway in the floodplain of the Abandoned Yellow River in the north of Jiangsu Province is recently remediated to reduce liquefaction potential using the dynamic compaction（DC） method of densification of in-place soils. Firstly, the liquefaction potential of the soil at the project site is analysed according to the code of seismic de- sign. Then the in-situ single point impact tests are performed on the liquefiable soil. Settlement of crater, excess pore pressure, ground heave and lateral deformation under DC impact are measured and analyzed. Subsequently, the standard penetration test （SPT） and cone penetration test （CPT） are used for investigating the compaction ef- fectiveness. At last, the improvement effect of DC is discussed according to the technical specification of dynamic consolidation to ground treatment. The investigation results indicate that the DC technique is an effective way for remediating liquefiable soil in highway engineering practice.     

Study on Titanium Alloy TC4 Ballistic Penetration Resistance Part I:Ballistic Impact Tests

Ballistic impact test of different-scale casings is an efficient way to demonstrate the casing containment capability at the preliminary design stage of the engine. For the sake of studying the titanium alloy TC4 casing performance, the ballistic tests of flat and curved simulation casing are implemented by using two flat blades of different sizes as the projectile. The impact mechanism and failure of the target are discussed. Impact of the projectile is a highly nonlinear transient process with the large deformation of the target. On the impact, failures of the flat casing and the subscale casing are similar, concluding two parts, the global dishing and localized ductile tearing. The main localized failure mode combines plugging (shear) and petaling (shear) if the projectile perforates or penetrates, while crater (shear) if the projectile rebounds. The ballistic limit equation is verified by the test data and the results show that this empirical equation could be a practical way to estimate the critical velocity.     

控制景深提高影像测量仪Z轴测量精度

探讨的是景深大小对于2.5D影像测量仪Z轴测量精度的影响。通过理论数据的推导以及具体实验的设计,告诉测量者要改变焦距和放大倍率来控制景深的大小,从而得到准确测量结果。对二维半测量工作具有显著指导意义。     

一次进水角度对水冲压发动机比冲性能影响研究

为了研究一次进水角度对二次进水水冲压发动机比冲性能的影响规律,建立了发动机补燃室两相流反应模型,对镁基水冲压发动机补燃室流场进行了数值模拟,获得了发动机喷管出口温度、出口压力、出口气流速度及发动机比冲随一次进水角度的增大先升高后降低的变化趋势,在此基础上进行了水冲压发动机地面直连式试验研究.结果表明,一次进水角度在40°左右时,二次进水水冲压发动机比冲性能较优.