PN制导律多模型自适应辨识滤波方法

针对导弹主动防御应用中拦截导弹制导行为辨识问题,提出一种比例导引（PN）制导律多模型辨识滤波方法,对拦截导弹加速度和制导律导航常数进行辨识。采用非线性可观性理论对制导模型的可观性进行了分析。得出在拦截导弹使用PN制导律时,制导模型可观的充要条件。与以往工作相比,该方法考虑了拦截导弹末制导初期由于瞄准误差校正而引起的控制器饱和现象,在拦截导弹执行器处于饱和或退出饱和阶段都能精确对制导律进行辨识。另外,以往工作假定PN制导律常数已知,该方法将PN制导律常数当做制导模型的一个状态进行估计。仿真结果校验了所提方法的性能。     

FIELD STUDIES OF SINGLE POINT IMPACT ON LIQUEFIABLE SOIL FOUNDATION OF HIGHWAY

A highway in the floodplain of the Abandoned Yellow River in the north of Jiangsu Province is recently remediated to reduce liquefaction potential using the dynamic compaction（DC） method of densification of in-place soils. Firstly, the liquefaction potential of the soil at the project site is analysed according to the code of seismic de- sign. Then the in-situ single point impact tests are performed on the liquefiable soil. Settlement of crater, excess pore pressure, ground heave and lateral deformation under DC impact are measured and analyzed. Subsequently, the standard penetration test （SPT） and cone penetration test （CPT） are used for investigating the compaction ef- fectiveness. At last, the improvement effect of DC is discussed according to the technical specification of dynamic consolidation to ground treatment. The investigation results indicate that the DC technique is an effective way for remediating liquefiable soil in highway engineering practice.     

控制景深提高影像测量仪Z轴测量精度

探讨的是景深大小对于2.5D影像测量仪Z轴测量精度的影响。通过理论数据的推导以及具体实验的设计,告诉测量者要改变焦距和放大倍率来控制景深的大小,从而得到准确测量结果。对二维半测量工作具有显著指导意义。     

ZrO2陶瓷切向超声辅助磨削表面及亚表面损伤机制

为进一步揭示切向超声辅助磨削过程中硬脆材料的表面及亚表面损伤机理,基于应变率模型对其磨削过程中材料的动态力学性能进行分析,并在此基础上建立了硬脆材料的脆-塑转变临界切削深度模型与微裂纹损伤深度模型。研究发现,脆-塑转变临界切削深度和微裂纹损伤深度均与应变率有关,其中临界切削深度随着应变率的增加而增加,而横向裂纹损伤深度与中位裂纹损伤深度均随应变率的增加而减小。通过ZrO₂陶瓷切向超声辅助磨削试验进行验证。试验结果表明：由于切向超声振动的引入提高了材料应变率,进而提高了材料的动态断裂应力以及动态断裂韧性,从而扩大了ZrO₂陶瓷的塑性域去除范围,降低了加工表面的横向裂纹与中位裂纹损伤深度,使得ZrO₂陶瓷的表面及亚表面质量得到明显改善。试验结果与理论分析相一致,为进一步揭示切向超声辅助磨削过程中硬脆材料的表面及亚表面微观损伤机理提供了理论参考。     

美国新型远程反舰导弹突防能力分析

美国正在大力发展远程反舰导弹(LRASM)。2013年以来,美国先后成功完成了LRASM机载空射飞行试验和靶场垂直发射试验,这标志着新一代LRASM取得了重大进展。按计划,LRASM的空射型与舰射型将于2016年和2018年装备,将对新兴国家的大型水面舰艇构成严重的威胁。介绍LRASM的现状与靶场试验概况,对其突防能力进行分析。     

高超末段机动突防/精确打击弹道建模与优化

针对高超声速飞行器再入末段机动突防、精确打击问题,从最优控制角度出发,提出了一种考虑拦截弹动力学特性的最优机动突防弹道优化方法,获得了高超声速飞行器的最大机动能力。该方法将拦截弹运动模型引入突防弹道优化的模型中,通过施加约束限制拦截弹按照比例导引律飞行。根据飞行任务和交战双方的弹道特点分段,结合各段的任务和特性,分别提出了突防性能指标和精确打击性能指标等,并通过加权函数将各个独立、矛盾的性能指标统一,建立了多对象、多段、多约束机动突防弹道优化模型,采用Radau多段伪谱法（MRPM）进行求解。针对该问题求解的初值敏感、可行域窄等问题,提出了一系列弹道优化策略,提高了收敛速度和求解精度,最终获得了最优机动弹道,并通过协态映射原理对其最优性进行了验证。结果表明,该方法能充分发挥高超声速飞行器的机动能力,获得满足落点精度要求的突防弹道,相对已有方法,将脱靶量提高了1~2个量级。灵敏度分析表明,该弹道对拦截弹的发射时间不敏感。      

基于三维光场的静态场景前景分割

为解决复杂场景中的前景提取问题提出一种基于三维光场分析的静态场景前景分割方法.首先,通过在一条直线等间距的不同视点上拍摄场景的序列图像构建密集采样的三维光场.其次,用线段检测(LSD)直线检测算法从对极平面图(EPI)中分析提取出场景边缘及其深度信息.借助分段三次Hermite多项式(PCHIP)快速插值算法恢复整个场景的深度信息.最终,通过阈值法实现对不同深度的前景物体的分割.初步实验结果表明,本方法能够较准确地恢复场景中多个物体之间的空间关系,前景分割结果较好地克服了现有基于区域聚类和数学形态学等方法在复杂场景应用中存在的过分割问题.      

Laser joining of CFRTP to titanium alloy via laser surface texturing

Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TC4) substrate surface by nanosecond laser system. Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (CFRTP) to TC4 joints were performed, and the effect of texture grid depth was investigated. The contact angle of molten CFRTP on textured TC4 surface was measured and the tensile-shear force was tested. The fracture surface and interface morphology were observed. The results indicated that the wettability of molten CFRTP on TC4 surface improved remarkably after laser textured TC4. Shear force of CFRTP/TC4 joints was increased by 156% after laser textured TC4 surface. When the depth of grid was deeper than 100 μm, contact angle increased and incomplete filling of molten CFRTP in grid occurred, the shear force thus decreased gradually. Resin-carbon fibers mixture was adhered on the fracture surface of TC4, and the variation tendency of adhesion ratio was consistent with that of shear force. TC4 matrix was exfoliated from substrate and adhered at the fracture surface of CFRTP, indicating stronger mechanical interlocking occurred at the joining interface after laser textured TC4 surface. Beside mechanical interlocking, compound layer consisted of CTi_0.42V_1.58 carburization phase was also confirmed at interface, suggesting that chemical bonding also occurred at the joining interface.     

反舰导弹对舰空导弹的突防概率动态计算方法

为了实现反舰导弹突防概率的动态计算,文章首先对水面舰艇的反导防御体系进行建模,研究反舰导弹和舰空导弹的攻防对抗过程,然后利用伴随技术建立反舰导弹突防概率的解算模型,最终实现突防概率的动态计算。采用该方法解算反舰导弹对舰空导弹的突防概率不仅能保证计算的快速性而且能体现出攻防态势、反舰导弹和舰空导弹的战技术性能对突防概率的影响。