电磁式跟踪器磁场畸变的姿态校正技术

电磁式跟踪器可以测量物体的位置和姿态,但其测量精度也容易受金属环境干扰。本文根据电磁跟踪器的工作原理,给出了电磁式跟踪器姿态校正的模型,讨论了两种不同的姿态校正实现方法:插值法和拟合法,比较了两种方法的优缺点。最后,对某一金属环境进行了畸变姿态校正的试验,给出了3个不同的姿态实际值和在此金属环境下的畸变和校正结果。试验结果表明本文提出的姿态校正算法能很好地补偿金属环境引起的电磁式跟踪器姿态的畸变。     

边界层稳定性的非平行性问题研究

采用抛物化稳定性方程的新方法研究稳定性的非平行问题，其控制方程从涡量形式的N－S方程导出，为提高计算精度和收敛速度，在法向采用高精度的高阶谱方法，结合边界层特征安排边界条件的方程，以及对无限区域数值问题作高效的代数变换处理，通过对预估校正迭代过程中推进步长有效的控制，以满足正规化条件，研究了不同类型压力梯度对稳定性的作用，由系列算例得到的增长率变化曲线和扰动中性曲线等，精确地给出了非平行性对流动稳定性的影响，计算的结果与相关数据符合甚好。     

Numerical studies of static aeroelastic effects on grid fin aerodynamic performances

The grid fin is an unconventional control surface used on missiles and rockets. Although aerodynamics of grid fin has been studied by many researchers, few considers the aeroelastic effects.In this paper, the static aeroelastic simulations are performed by the coupled viscous computational fluid dynamics with structural flexibility method in transonic and supersonic regimes. The developed coupling strategy including fluid–structure interpolation and volume mesh motion schemes is based on radial basis functions. Results are presented for a vertical and a horizontal grid fin mounted on a body. Horizontal fin results show that the deformed fin is swept backward and the axial force is increased. The deformations also induce the movement of center of pressure, causing the reduction and reversal in hinge moment for the transonic flow and the supersonic flow,respectively. For the vertical fin, the local effective incidences are increased due to the deformations so that the deformed normal force is greater than the original one. At high angles of attack, both the deformed and original normal forces experience a sudden reduction due to the interference of leeward separated vortices on the fin. Additionally, the increment in axial force is shown to correlate strongly with the increment in the square of normal force.     

Synergistic use of multitemporal RAMP,ICESat and GPS to construct an accurate DEM of the Larsemann Hills region,Antarctica

An enhanced digital elevation model (DEM) of the Larsemann Hills region, east Antarctica, is constructed synergistically by using highly accurate ground-based GPS measurements, satellite-derived laser altimetry (GLAS/ICESat) and Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project (RAMPv2) DEM-based point elevation dataset. Our DEM has a vertical accuracy of about 1.5 times better than RAMPv2 DEM and seven times better than GLAS/ICESAT-based DEM. The accuracy is improved by validating the RAMPv2 DEM elevation by supplementing with GLAS/ICESat and DGPS survey data, when compared to that of DEM constructed by using GLAS/ICESat or RAMPv2 alone. With the use of accurate GPS data as ground control points reference elevations, the DEM extracted is much more accurate with least mean RMSE of 34.5 m than that constructed by using a combination of GLAS/ICESat and RAMPv2 as true reference. The newly constructed DEM 7 achieves highest accuracy with the least average elevation difference of 0.27 m calculated using 46 ground reference points. Available DEMs of Antarctic region generated by using radar altimetry and the Antarctic Digital Database indicate elevation variations in the range of 50–100 m, which necessitates the generation of local DEM and its validation by using ground truth. This is our first attempt of fusing multi-temporal, multi-sensor and multi-source elevation data to generate a DEM of any part of Antarctica, in order to address the ice elevation change to infer the ice mass balance. Our approach focuses on the strengths of each elevation data source to produce an accurate DEM.     

改进的小波均匀化方法求解小周期系数抛物型方程

对传统的小波数值均匀化方法通过加入逐层修正的步骤进行了改进,并将改进后的方法用于求解具有小周期系数的抛物型方程。数值算例结果表明：在保持较高计算效率的同时,改进后的方法比改进前方法在精度方面有明显的提高。因此,改进后方法是小周期系数抛物型方程的一种高效率、高精度的数值求解方法。     

超精密车床数控系统软件的研制

介绍了HCM-I型超精密车床数控系统软件的功能及工作流程．详细分析了数控系统软件的关键技术，给出了相应技术的软件流程图.     

一种新的激光捷联惯导系统级温度补偿方法

激光捷联惯导工作时,惯组内的温度会随着时间不断升高,引起惯性器件标度因数和零偏的变化,从而无法满足惯组在全温范围内工作.因此,有必要采取相应措施来减少温度带来的误差.提出一种通过3次样条插值法建立初始模型,不断迭代计算模型偏差修正样条曲线的方法,确立激光陀螺和石英挠性加速度计的温度误差模型存入DSP 中,最终由导航计算机实现惯组输出的实时补偿.通过标定和静态通电验证了模型的正确性和重复性,为进一步提高惯导精度奠定了基础.     

复合材料超临界机翼跨音速颤振实验与数值计算研究

颤振课题是飞机设计过程中常常遇到的一个关键技术问题。以支线客机ARJ21超临界机翼颤振特性研究为背景,在俄罗斯TsAGI的T-106风洞中完成了该复合材料机翼跨音速颤振实验,基于N-S方程和无限插值方法（TFI）生成三维贴体运动网格对超临界机翼跨音速颤振进行了并行计算。结果表明：复合材料的超临界机翼在跨音速区域具有跨音速颤振＂凹坑＂现象;与风洞实验结果相比,有较好的一致性,为使用超临界机翼的运输类飞机跨音速颤振特性预计提供了一定的参考。     

飞机热气防冰系统与冰脊预测的数值模拟

基于流固耦合传热的思想建立了一套飞机热气防冰系统的的数值模拟方法,并将其与积冰热力学模型结合起来,实现了热气防冰系统开启时的机翼积冰预测.采用格心格式有限体积法求解N-S方程获得防冰腔与外流场;通过欧拉法在外流场的基础上获得过冷水滴撞击特性;求解三维热传导偏微分方程获得蒙皮的传热特性;采用交接面插值的方法实现防冰腔到外流场的热量传递;建立了考虑三维溢流效应的积冰热力学模型并在此基础上开展了机翼冰脊的数值预测.数值模拟结果表明:热气防冰系统开启时加热机翼表面温度最高可达308K,加热区后的上下机翼表面均有冰脊形成,通过对结果的分析表明该方法是合理可行的.      

变壁厚气冷涡轮叶片结构参数化设计方法

叶片叶身截面内腔型线的光滑过渡是航空发动机变壁厚涡轮叶片结构设计的关键.为解决变壁厚插值在最大壁厚点处出现拐点而导致过渡不光滑的问题,提出变壁厚叶片结构设计方法即变壁厚抛物线插值法.该方法基于管道相交投影线拟合中弧线法,利用壁厚系数及其对应关系控制壁厚,实现变壁厚涡轮叶片结构参数化设计.设计实例结果表明:应用变壁厚抛物线插值法对不同壁厚气冷涡轮叶片进行结构设计,叶身截面内腔型线光滑,在最大壁厚点处不会出现拐点过渡.