用于五坐标加工的样条插补控制器及其在开放式数控系统中的实现(英文)

为满足复杂形体件高速高精数控加工的需要,在自行研制的开放式数控系统中开发了具有曲线插补功能的五坐标机床控制器。介绍了该曲线插补功能的指令格式及数控文件的编制过程。在控制器内部生成的位置矢量插值曲线和方位矢量插值曲线二阶连续,且该两曲线中立于逆机床运动。通过配置相应的运动变换模块,该控制器可适应任意形式五坐标机床。位置样条曲线采用截断的泰勒级数展开式进行实时离散计算。通过建立位置样条曲线参数和方位样条曲线参数的对应关系,使得加工过程中平动轴和旋转轴协调运动。通过实际加工验证了该控制器的性能。     

高效确定重叠网格对应关系的距离减缩法及其应用

提出了“距离减缩法”,可以通过搜索有限几个数目很少的点来寻找到目标单元,从而可以快速确定重叠网格之间的对应关系,应用于重叠网格洞点识别与插值单元寻址两个方面,并且还可以结合Inverse Map方法高效建立网格之间的映射关系。该方法将三维搜索化为准一维搜索,大幅度提高搜索效率,且算法通用性强、易于实现。应用表明：利用该方法可以迅速识别洞点,与等参变换结合可以有方向地快速锁定插值单元,找点效率高,适用于计算流体力学(CFD)三维非定常计算中有相对运动的重叠网格系统在每一个时间站位都需要重新进行洞点识别与插值单元寻址的计算,可以有效节省计算时间,具有工程实用价值。     

基于径向基函数的网格变形及非线性气动弹性时域仿真研究

为开展非线性气动弹性研究,基于非线性结构有限元软件NASTRAN和自主研制的多块结构化计算流体力学(CFD)求解器,开发了一套基于计算流体力学/计算结构动力学(CFD/CSD)耦合求解方法的气动弹性时域仿真程序.该程序采用径向基函数(RBF)交换两套求解器之间的数据并进行网格变形.为提高RBF方法的效率,构造了基于多次插值的空间待插值点精简算法.在多次插值过程中,每次插值的对象为上次插值的误差,并同时限制插值区域,以此实现了空间待插值网格数的精简.数个网格变形的算例表明该方法可支持大变形运动,并且具有较高的计算效率.采用此程序开展了AGARD 445.6机翼颤振计算、大展弦比机翼的静气动弹性计算与切尖三角翼极限环振荡(LCO)现象的动气动弹性仿真,结果揭示了当机翼展弦比较大或者响应幅值较大时,结构非线性对于气动弹性有显著影响.     

基于动态气象预报数据的4D航迹预测

高精度4D航迹预测是新一代航迹空管自动化的技术基础以及空管科技领域亟需的核心问题,考虑气象环境因素的影响则能明显提高航空器航迹预测的精度.利用世界区域预报系统的数字格点数据,首先对高度层进行垂直插值以获取某一剖面的气象信息,采用二次拉格朗日插值确定航段上某一点的温度场和风场的预报值,进而讨论温度场和风场预报值对飞行的影响,修正航空器真空速及地速,利用递推仿真方式求解航空器4D航迹.     

弧齿锥齿轮数控展成及直接插补算法

分析了弧齿锥齿轮数控加工中产形轮和工件齿轮之间的展成运动,建立了弧齿锥齿轮齿面的数学模型.提出了弧齿锥齿轮数控加工的直接插补算法,确定了铣齿刀盘中心运动和工件齿轮旋转运动之间的关系.将该算法应用于自主研制的弧齿锥齿轮数控铣齿机中,实现了对弧齿锥齿轮的切齿加工.最后通过实例对该数学模型和插补算法进行了说明和验证.     

Effects of Shot Peening Process on Thermal Cycling Lifetime of TBCs Prepared by EB-PVD

Conventional two-layered thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) with ZrO2-8 wt% Y2O3 (8YSZ) as top coat and CoCrAlY as bond coat on disk-shaped Ni based super-alloy. In this paper, three kinds of shot peening process with different lengths of operating time were adopted for bond coating. As a result, changes took place in its sur- face roughness and the surface micro-hardness. A thermal cycling test at 1 273 K×55 min and another at room temperature for 5 min were performed to study the effects of shot peening process on the thermal cycling lifetime of TBCs. It is found that a moderate shot peening process will be able to prolong the life time. The oxidation dynamic of the as-processed TBCs basically accords with the para- bolic rule, and the oxidation test also attests to the spallation between YSZ and thermal growth oxide (TGO) responsible mainly for the failure of TBCs.     

Effect of Stagnation Temperature on the Supersonic Two Dimensional Plug Nozzle Conception. Application for Air

When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heats and their ratio do not remain constant any more and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect, its state equation remains always valid, except it will name in more calori-cally imperfect gas or gas at High Temperature. The goal of this research is to trace the profiles of the supersonic plug nozzle when this stagnation temperature is taken into account, lower than the threshold of dissociation of the molecules, by using the new formula of the Prandtl Meyer function, and to have for each exit Mach number, several nozzles shapes by changing the value of this temperature. A study on the error given by the PG (perfect gas) model compared to our model at high temperature is presented. The comparison is made with the case of a calorically perfect gas aiming to give a limit of application of this model. The application is for the air.     

On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

民用飞机短舱防冰性能分析建模与仿真

基于民用飞机短舱防冰系统的特点,结合发动机结冰防护要求和适航条款的相关要求,阐述了短舱防冰性能分析的工程计算流程,并给出了提升计算效率的方法。在计算需求中重点分析归纳了短舱防冰的计算判据和常用计算工况,在计算模型中从外流场、内流场和耦合面3个域开展能量平衡和质量平衡分析,对计算网格提出了工程化的简化要求和方法;采用基于K近邻搜索的反距离加权插值算法,相比传统穷举法插值大幅提升了求解效率,且该方法具备网格无关性的特征;相较于经典的附面层积分法求解对流换热系数,本仿真模型在综合考虑三维效应和求解效率后,采用了外掠圆管的对流换热系数修正经验公式,并为后续模型修正提供了接口。基于自主搭建的民机防冰性能分析模型,开展了已有型号的短舱防冰性能分析,计算结果与试飞数据的表面温度对比表明,仿真中的优化满足工程分析需求且极大地提升了求解效率。     

NURBS曲线插补算法在圆弧插补中的分析与实现

NURBS曲线插补技术是目前高档数控机床研究的一个热点问题,针对传统插补方法中存在的精度低,速度慢的缺点,本文在分析NURBS曲线特点的基础上,提出了一种基于轮廓误差调整的圆弧曲线插补算法,实时修正插补参数,减小轮廓误差,并进行了仿真实现。通过与传统插补方法对比实验表明,该方法可以极大提高圆弧曲线的插补精度及插补效率,满足插补运算实时性的要求。