一种基于FPGA的全帧率图像处理方法

针对图像算法在FPGA内的硬件化实现问题,提出了一种全帧率处理的思路,并提供了两种具体的可供参考的设计方法——基于像素流缓冲的卷积核处理技术和基于相邻图像帧相关性的图像参数提取技术。通过其可以方便地设计并实现大部分空间域图像处理算法及其任意组合的硬件逻辑电路,并达到与图像输入帧率相同的处理速度。以Canny算子的硬件化实现为例验证了设计理念。实验结果表明,全帧率图像方法具有可操作性强、实时性好、符合结构化模块化设计的特点,特别适合于对实时性要求高的嵌入式视觉系统。     

舱外航天服热试验外热流模拟方法研究

出舱行走所必需的舱外航天服具有复杂外表面形状,其空间外热流极其复杂。文章对舱外航天服在热试验中所采用的外热流模拟方法进行了对比分析研究,结合航天服的特点对热试验中外热流模拟的方式进行了探讨, 论证了用接触式电加热片及红外加热笼两种外热流施加方式的可行性,并通过分析的手段对不同热试验方法中施加的热流和太空中的热流大小及分布进行了对比。     

摇摆框组件的工程优化设计

摇摆框组件是空间摇摆推力系统的重要组件。通过风险评估,对组件进行工程优化,详细规定MCP,再次通过试验论证工程优化后的组件能在现有的加工环境下满足设计的功能要求,并得出了对类似组件的工程优化过程和解决方案。     

三维旋转部件复杂表面结冰数值模拟

为模拟旋转部件复杂表面的结冰过程,开展旋转空气流场,水滴撞击,以及水膜流动结冰热力学模型研究。采用旋转坐标系进行处理,将惯性系下的周期转动边界转换为定常流动边界,求解其N-S方程,获得旋转空气流场。在此基础上,将科里奥利加速度及离心加速度引人水滴流动的控制方程,利用欧拉方法建立水滴运动撞击旋转壁面的撞击特性模型。最后,在旋转坐标系下对表面水膜的受力运动情况进行分析,建立了考虑离心力与科里奥利力影响的三维旋转表面水膜流动结冰热力学模型。以旋转圆柱为对象,进行了仿真计算,结果表明,所建立的模型对旋转部件的水滴撞击与结冰模拟是可行的,且随旋转速度的增加,水滴撞击与结冰区域的偏移更加显著。     

涡轴发动机涡轮级间支承结构设计关键技术

高效、稳定的涡轮级间支承结构需要先进的设计技术予以支持。考虑涡轮级间支承结构处于高温、多种载荷的工作环境,以及先进涡轴发动机的设计需求,提出了结构设计的基本原则,如小热应力和热变形低,隔振性能良好,极限状态下的安全性好。在此基础上,对几种典型的涡轴发动机涡轮级间支承结构进行了分析与对比,确定了结构多功能、结构变刚度质量分布、连接稳定性和结构与动力学一体化等设计是先进级间支承结构设计的关键技术与发展方向。     

内压缩通道几何参数对高超声速进气道性能的影响

用N-S方程模拟了一系列不同收缩比、不同波系配置的内压缩通道内流动,研究了内压收缩通道几何参数对进气道性能的影响,发现对于相同的外压段,内压面积收缩比对进气道内压缩通道温升比、压比和起动性能具有较好的相似规律,且随着内压面积收缩比增加,进气道温升比、压比增加,出口流场畸变下降,起动马赫数增大。通过对相同压比下不同内外压缩比的进气道性能的研究,得到了内外压缩比对进气道效率和起动性能的影响规律,发现压缩程度相同时,进气道效率和起动马赫数均随内外压缩比有先增大后减小再增大的规律。     

The International DORIS Service (IDS): Toward maturity

DORIS is one of the four space-geodetic techniques participating in the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), particularly to maintain and disseminate the Terrestrial Reference Frame as determined by International Earth rotation and Reference frame Service (IERS). A few years ago, under the umbrella of the International Association of Geodesy, a DORIS International Service (IDS) was created in order to foster international cooperation and to provide new scientific products. This paper addresses the organizational aspects of the IDS and presents some recent DORIS scientific results. It is for the first time that, in preparation of the ITRF2008, seven Analysis Centers (AC’s) contributed to derive long-term time series of DORIS stations positions. These solutions were then combined into a homogeneous time series IDS-2 for which a precision of less than 10 mm was obtained. Orbit comparisons between the various AC’s showed an excellent agreement in the radial component, both for the SPOT satellites (e.g. 0.5–2.1 cm RMS for SPOT-2) and Envisat (0.9–2.1 cm RMS), using different software packages, models, corrections and analysis strategies. There is now a wide international participation within IDS that should lead to future improvements in DORIS analysis strategies and DORIS-derived geodetic products.     

扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准影响分析及优化方法

针对扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准精度影响较大的问题,通过分析惯性体坐标系下重力加速度积分矢量的物理含义,给出了受扰动线运动影响的惯性系粗对准的误差分析。并在此基础上提出了基于位移积分矢量构造定姿矢量矩阵的抗扰动粗对准算法,利用对速度积分矢量进一步积分得到的3个时间点的位移积分矢量构建姿态解算矩阵,抑制扰动线运动对粗对准精度的影响。仿真结果表明,该算法可有效减小扰动线运动影响下的对准结果振动幅值,能够快速收敛到满足精对准使用的精度范围,从而提高武器装备环境适应性。     

IDS contribution to ITRF2008

For the first time, the International DORIS Service (IDS) has produced a technique level combination based on the contributions of seven analysis centers (ACs), including the European Space Operations Center (ESOC), Geodetic Observatory Pecny (GOP), Geoscience Australia (GAU), the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the Institut Géographique National (IGN), the Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences (INASAN, named as INA), and CNES/CLS (named as LCA). The ACs used five different software packages to process the DORIS data from 1992 to 2008, including NAPEOS (ESA), Bernese (GOP), GEODYN (GAU, GSC), GIPSY/OASIS (INA), and GINS (LCA). The data from seven DORIS satellites, TOPEX/Poseidon, SPOT-2, SPOT-3, SPOT-4, SPOT-5, Envisat and Jason-1 were processed and all the analysis centers produced weekly SINEX files in either variance–covariance or normal equation format. The processing by the analysis centers used the latest GRACE-derived gravity models, forward modelling of atmospheric gravity, updates to the radiation pressure modelling to improve the DORIS geocenter solutions, denser parameterization of empirically determined drag coefficients to improve station and EOP solutions, especially near the solar maximum in 2001–2002, updated troposphere mapping functions, and an ITRF2005-derived station set for orbit determination, DPOD2005. The CATREF software was used to process the weekly AC solutions, and produce three iterations of an IDS global weekly combination. Between the development of the initial solution IDS-1, and the final solution, IDS-3, the ACs improved their analysis strategies and submitted updated solutions to eliminate troposphere-derived biases in the solution scale, to reduce drag-related degradations in station positioning, and to refine the estimation strategy to improve the combination geocenter solution. An analysis of the frequency content of the individual AC geocenter and scale solutions was used as the basis to define the scale and geocenter of the IDS-3 combination. The final IDS-3 combination has an internal position consistency (WRMS) that is 15 to 20 mm before 2002 and 8 to 10 mm after 2002, when 4 or 5 satellites contribute to the weekly solutions. The final IDS-3 combination includes solutions for 130 DORIS stations on 67 different sites of which 35 have occupations over 16 years (1993.0–2009.0). The EOPs from the IDS-3 combination were compared with the IERS 05 C04 time series and the RMS agreement was 0.24 mas and 0.35 mas for the X and Y components of polar motion. The comparison to ITRF2005 in station position shows an agreement of 6 to 8 mm RMS in horizontal and 10.3 mm in height. The RMS comparison to ITRF2005 in station velocity is at 1.8 mm/year on the East component, to 1.2 mm/year in North component and 1.6 mm/year in height.     

面向高级在轨系统的动态服务质量保证方法研究

AOS(Advanced Orbiting System,高级在轨系统)已经逐渐被各国空间组织采用,随着空间任务的发展趋势更多样化和复杂化,对AOS的QoS(Quality of Service,服务质量)也提出了更高要求.针对AOS服务质量的提升需求,提出了一种虚拟信道优先级策略,使用大容量缓存结合数据压缩动态策略和遥测数据抽帧策略相结合的QoS保证方法,通过分析返向链路带宽与航天器遥测用户带宽的裕量,可以动态调整QoS保证,以适应不同应用环境下的航天器AOS的QoS保证需求.通过模拟不同的工况进行仿真试验,结果表明,该AOS服务质量保证方法适用于返向链路带宽裕量充足和不足的工况,比传统的全同步策略和同步异步结合策略拥有更广泛的适应范围.