不同进口截面下液力透平非定常压力脉动计算

为了研究不同进口截面对液力透平内压力脉动的影响,利用CFX软件对一单级液力透平进行非定常数值计算,通过设置监测点,计算各监测点在不同进口截面下的压力脉动,通过快速傅里叶变换将其压力脉动计算结果做相应分析,分析各监测点处压力脉动的时域和频域分布.结果表明:蜗壳内在大蜗壳进口下,随着蜗壳进口直径的增加,每个监测点处的压力逐渐增加,而在小蜗壳进口下,每个监测点处的压力逐渐减小.在距离蜗壳收缩管较远处,大蜗壳进口下的压力脉动较小,而在距离收缩管较近处,小蜗壳进口下的压力脉动较小.在叶轮内不同进口截面压力脉动的差异在同一时刻从进口到出口逐渐减小.尾水管内在小蜗壳进口下尾水管进口处的压力脉动最大.      

基于离散粒子群算法的航空发动机总装工艺优化方法

为了提高航空发动机总装工作的效率与质量,加强对总装工序和总装机件的管控,量化不同总装人员工作任务量,提高发动机总装的一致性和可追溯性,提出了1种发动机总装分区优化方法。以改进的2进制粒子群算法为基础,平衡了发动机总装各区域的工作内容,最小化各总装区域的工作差异,增强了每个区域装配机件的关联度,提高了总装工作的并行度,从而提高了装配质量。以某型发动机总装区域划分工作为实例,通过上述算法进行了总装区域划分,量化了所有装配区域每一工序的具体装配内容,减小了不同装配区域间的机件差异,杜绝了缺件、剩件等装配问题。     

Optimization and verification of free flight separation similarity law in high-speed wind tunnel

Based on the similarity of separation time, a similarity law optimization method for high-speed weapon delivery test is derived. The typical separation state under wind load is simulated by the numerical method. The real separation data of aircraft, separation data of previous test methods, separation data of ideal wind tunnel test of previous methods, and simulation data of the proposed optimization method are obtained. A comparison of the data shows that the method proposed can improve the performance of tracking. Similarity law optimization starts with the development of motion equations and dynamic equations in the windless state to address the problems of mismatching between vertical and horizontal displacement, and to address the problems of separation trajectory distortion caused by insufficient gravity acceleration of the scaling model of existing light model. The ejection velocity of the model is taken as a factor/vector, and is adjusted reasonably to compensate the linear displacement insufficiency caused by the insufficient vertical acceleration of the light model method, so as to ensure the matching of the vertical and horizontal displacement of the projectile, and to improve the consistency between the test results of high-speed projection and the actual separation trajectory. The optimized similarity law is applicable to many existing free-throwing modes of high-speed wind tunnels. The optimized similarity law is not affected by the ejection velocity and hanging mode of the projectile. The optimized similarity law is suitable not only for the launching of the buried ammunition compartment and external stores, but also for the test design of projectile launching and gravity separation.     

基于拓扑优化和形状优化的桨叶结构设计

直升机旋翼桨叶剖面结构设计是研究旋翼动力学设计的基础。提出一种联合拓扑优化和形状优化的 两级优化设计方法,可用于桨叶剖面结构的设计。第一级优化以变密度法(SIMP)作为拓扑优化的材料插值方 法,以桨叶体积最小化为设计目标,约束桨叶节点位移和应力,建立桨叶的拓扑优化求解模型;第二级优化以重 构的桨叶模型为基础开展形状优化,降低局部应力集中以及找到合理的边界节点位置。对优化后的模型进行 有限元分析,结果表明:通过拓扑优化和形状优化的两级优化,能够得到满足强度和稳定性要求的结构布局,为 桨叶结构设计提供指导方案。     

A review of topology optimization for additive manufacturing: Status and challenges

Topology optimization was developed as an advanced structural design methodology to generate innovative lightweight and high-performance configurations that are difficult to obtain with conventional ideas. Additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing technique building as-designed structures via layer-by-layer joining material, providing an alternative pattern for complex components. The integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing can make the most of their advantages and potentials, and has wide application prospects in modern manufacturing. This article reviews the main content and applications of the research on the integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing in recent years, including multi-scale or hierarchical structural optimization design and topology optimization considering additive manufacturing constraints. Meanwhile, some challenges of structural design approaches for additive manufacturing are discussed, such as the performance characterization and scale effects of additively manufactured lattice structures, the anisotropy and fatigue performance of additively manufactured material, and additively manufactured functionally graded material issues, etc. It is shown that in the research of topology optimization for additive manufacturing, the integration of material, structure, process and performance is important to pursue high-performance, multi-functional and lightweight production. This article provides a reference for further related research and aerospace applications.     

多变量全局寻优与智能优化在星座组网中的应用

顶层任务规划通常与星座组网紧密结合,小卫星分散灵活的特性尤其适用于星群规模化在轨运行。针对热点区域覆盖和全球覆盖的不同任务需求,提出了对构型多变量进行全局寻优和利用智能优化技术进行星座构型优化的方法,两种优化方法可分别获得小规模星群最优效能与超大型星群的较优效能。优化方法不受轨道类型和任务目标分布的约束,具有良好的鲁棒性。     

100 kWe级空间快堆核电源系统仿真平台开发与应用

空间核反应堆电源作为一种具有竞争力的空间电源方案,正逐渐受到关注及应用。本文针对一个100 kWe级锂冷快堆耦合布雷顿循环的空间堆核动力系统方案,修改了RELAP5程序中的物性程序、换热模型,程序中的中子动力学模块使用蒙特卡洛方法计算快堆物理参数与堆芯控制调节参数,由此集成并建立一个空间快堆核动力系统综合仿真平台,应用该平台对100 kWe级空间堆核动力系统进行了稳态模拟与事故分析。结果表明:在瞬态发生后系统各参数变化符合预期,验证了各部件及控制系统的功能性及有效性;同时,还初步进行了仿真平台用于100 kWe级空间反应堆核动力系统设备的设计优化的实践,为空间快堆设计与安全分析提供了技术储备。     

Hypersonic reentry trajectory planning by using hybrid fractional-order particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm

This paper proposes a novel hybrid algorithm called Fractional-order Particle Swarm optimization Gravitational Search Algorithm (FPSOGSA) and applies it to the trajectory planning of the hypersonic lifting reentry flight vehicles. The proposed method is used to calculate the control profiles to achieve the two objectives, namely a smoother trajectory and enforcement of the path constraints with terminal accuracy. The smoothness of the trajectory is achieved by scheduling the bank angle with the aid of a modified scheme known as a Quasi-Equilibrium Glide (QEG) scheme. The aerodynamic load factor and the dynamic pressure path constraints are enforced by further planning of the bank angle with the help of a constraint enforcement scheme. The maximum heating rate path constraint is enforced through the angle of attack parameterization. The Common Aero Vehicle (CAV) flight vehicle is used for the simulation purpose to test and compare the proposed method with that of the standard Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method and the standard Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). The simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed FPSOGSA method over the standard PSO and the GSA methods by showing its better convergence and computation efficiency.     

基于Optistruct的结构静动力拓扑优化设计

基于Optistruct平台,研究了二维平面薄板及三维结构的静力、动力以及静动力联合的拓扑优化,给出了典型结构的算例,对比了优化参数取值不同时所对应的优化结果,探讨了优化过程中的网格依赖性以及拓扑优化的效率等问题.     

定子双绕组异步发电机漏电抗计算的研究

漏电抗的准确计算是电机设计中十分关键的问题。基于静止励磁调节器的双绕组异步发电机定子绕组漏抗计算比传统的三相电机更复杂。首先给出了定子双绕组异步电机通用数学模型及等效电路,采用解析法对不同绕组结构的定子双绕组异步电机漏电抗计算进行了系统地分析,导出了相应的计算公式。最后,利用所得计算公式设计了一种静止励磁调节器控制的定子双绕组异步发电机,并对其定子漏电抗参数、性能指标及运行特性进行了计算。