可展开式辐射器热控对航天器轨道调整的适应性分析

为提高航天器热控系统对轨道调整的适应能力,本文研究了与流体回路耦合的可展开式辐射器热控方案在不同轨道高度下的热控性能,分析了不同轨道高度时辐射器面临的热环境的影响,在不同轨道高度下比较了固定辐射器与可展开辐射器的热控特性.结果 表明,随着辐射器展开角度的变化,辐射器吸收的空间热流随之发生变化,从而对热控系统的散热能力带...     

Towards intelligent design optimization: Progress and challenge of design optimization theories and technologies for plastic forming

Plastic forming is one of enabling and fundamental technologies in advanced manufacturing chains. Design optimization is a critical way to improve the performance of the forming system, exploit the advantages of high productivity, high product quality, low production cost and short time to market and develop precise, accurate, green, and intelligent (smart) plastic forming technology. However, plastic forming is quite complicated, relating to multi-physics field coupling, multi-factor influence, multi-defect constraint, and triple nonlinear, etc., and the design optimization for plastic forming involves multi-objective, multi-parameter, multi-constraint, nonlinear, high-dimensionality, non-continuity, time-varying, and uncertainty, etc. Therefore, how to achieve accurate and efficient design optimization of products, equipment, tools/dies, and processing as well as materials characterization has always been the research frontier and focus in the field of engineering and manufacturing. In recent years, with the rapid development of computing science, data science and internet of things (IoT), the theories and technologies of design optimization have attracted more and more attention, and developed rapidly in forming process. Accordingly, this paper first introduced the framework of design optimization for plastic forming. Then, focusing on the key problems of design optimization, such as numerical model and optimization algorithm, this paper summarized the research progress on the development and application of the theories and technologies about design optimization in forming process, including deterministic and uncertain optimization. Moreover, the applicability of various modeling methods and optimization algorithms was elaborated in solving the design optimization problems of plastic forming. Finally, considering the development trends of forming technology, this paper discusses some challenges of design optimization that may need to be solved and faced in forming process.     

基于优化最小二乘支持向量机的襟翼趋势预测

将最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)应用于飞机襟翼状态趋势研究。首先,通过分析飞机襟翼故障与襟翼动作耗时参数的关系,提出了利用动作耗时趋势来确定该系统未来状态的方法。然后,使用最小二乘支持向量机建立耗时回归预测模型,采用最终预报误差(FPE)准则确定回归模型嵌入维数,提出了自适应网格搜索法,优化最小二乘支持向量机的建模参数,从而实现比现有方法精度高,泛化性能好的预测模型。训练和测试样本取自飞行数据记录系统(QAR)中译码襟翼参数值。与神经网络模型的比较实践表明,该方法具有实用价值。     

面向代理模型的机翼变形计算方法

按照机翼结构设计的原则,对内部结构还未确定的机翼提出了一种通用的变形计算方法。机翼的平面形状可看作由多个梯形组成,机翼弯曲变形为三次函数,扭转变形为一次函数。只要给定翼梢挠度与扭转角,即可计算机翼变形情况下的几何模型,使代理模型能够预测变形后机翼的气动载荷分布。文中给出了两个实际机翼的算例。算例结果表明,本文模型预测的变形与实际结构有限元分析给出的变形吻合较好。     

基于响应面法的超燃冲压发动机进气道多目标优化

基于响应面法进行了二维混合压缩超燃冲压发动机进气道的多目标优化研究.采用均匀试验设计确定试验方案,运用计算流体动力学求解进气道的性能.根据分析结果构造了响应面近似模型,该模型采用了完全二阶多项式模型.通过响应面近似模型的优化,实现了超燃冲压发动机进气道优化,得到了Pareto最优集.结果表明,采用均匀试验设计和响应面法可以大大减小数值模拟的计算量,提高优化效率.     

Comparative analysis of four different single-frequency PPP models on positioning performance and atmosphere delay retrieval

Single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) has attracted increasing attention due to its high precision and cost effectiveness. With various strategies to handle the dominant error, i.e., ionosphere delay, the ionosphere-float (IF), ionosphere-free-half (IFH), ionosphere-corrected (IC), and ionosphere-weighted (IW) SF-PPP models are certain to possess different characteristics and performance levels. This study is dedicated to assessing and comparing the four models from model characteristics, positioning performance, and atmosphere delay retrieval. The model comparison shows that IC and IW models are full-rank while IF and IFH models have a rank deficiency of size one that will result in biased estimations, which means the better solvability of IC and IW models. The experiments are carried out based on the 7-day Global Positioning System (GPS) observations collected at 57 global Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) stations and Global Ionosphere Map (GIM) products. The results indicate that the IW model can accelerate SF-PPP convergence and achieve higher positioning accuracy compared to the other three SF-PPP models, especially in kinematic mode. With convergence criteria of 0.25 m in horizontal and 0.5 m in vertical, the east/north/up convergence times of IW model are 0.5/15.0/25.0 min and 0.5/16.0/36.5 min for static and kinematic modes, respectively. The IW model is able to achieve an instantaneous positioning accuracy of 0.28/0.35/0.75 m. In addition, a real kinematic test also demonstrates the best positioning solutions of IW model. Regarding troposphere delay retrieval, the IF, IFH, and IW models obtain a comparable daily accuracy of 3.0 cm on average, while the IC model achieves the worst accuracy of 8.0 cm. For precise ionosphere delay estimation, IW model only needs an average initialization time of 34.3 min, but a longer initialization time of 51.6 min is required for IF model. The daily precision of ionosphere delay estimation for IW model can reach up to 10.8 cm. At the present accuracy of GIM products, it is suggested that the IW model should be adopted for SF-PPP first due to its superior performance in positioning and atmosphere delay retrieval.     

卫星遥感农业监测系统中实例检索算法研究

针对智慧农业中需求获取手段、表达方法等导致智能设计算法复杂度高、可用性低等问题，将卫星遥感技术和网络技术结合实现农作物及其生长环境参数的实时监测，以优化播种机设计的需求特征，并以此为基础，提出基于混合相似度的实例检索模型。在该模型中，设计了多级实例库结构，并以特征间距离相似度、特征间可拓关联度、特征间可拓距测度为组成要素，构造多级混合相似度的层次结构与计算方法，进行多级实例检索。将其应用到铲式播种机的数字化设计系统中，可获得与目标实例最相似的实例。实验结果表明，在实例的特征值数据类型多样化的情况下，此算法能够有效地检索出合适的历史实例，提高检索结果的可用性。     

航空电气电弧、短路危害及保护研究

航空电气电弧、短路可能会导致难以挽回的损失,研究航空电气电弧、短路的危害及其保护措施具有 重要意义。通过试验室搭建民用飞机典型的115V/400Hz三相交流电气线路,选取金属导体作为多余物,采 用试验法对飞机电气电弧、短路故障现象进行研究,验证和分析传统热断路器的工作特性,确认电气电弧、短路 故障对电气线路和设备产生的危害程度;同时,分析三种更好的电气电弧、短路保护方法。结果表明:传统热断 路器仅对短路故障具有保护作用,对电气电弧不能产生保护作用;三种新的保护方法电弧检测和保护时间过 长,电弧已对导线和设备产品造成不可恢复的损坏。     

单通道控制旋转弹系统动力学建模与Hopf分岔

为准确预测旋转弹系统的锥形运动形态并判断其稳定性，提出一对鸭舵引起的气动不对称性以及可能引起复杂非线性动力学特性的非线性因素，建立能准确描述单通道控制旋转弹系统姿态运动的复数形式的动力学模型并分析讨论其动态稳定性条件。利用分岔理论对单通道控制旋转弹系统开展Hopf分岔研究，给出了Hopf分岔发生的判断准则；推导了用于判定极限环稳定的第一Lyapunov系数。数值仿真结果验证了条件的正确性与有效性并发现了拟周期运动及混沌运动。研究结果为旋转弹的控制参数设计及结构参数设计提供理论参考。     

A wall-thickness compensation strategy for wax pattern of hollow turbine blade

As an important index affecting the aerodynamic performance and the structural strength of hollow turbine blades, the wall-thickness precision of the blade is mainly inherited from the positional relationship between the corresponding wax pattern and the internal ceramic core. However, due to locating errors, the actual position of ceramic core is always deviated from the ideal position, which makes it difficult to guarantee the wall-thickness precision of the wax pattern. To solve this problem, a wall-thickness compensation strategy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the industrial computed tomography (ICT) technique and curve matching algorithms, a model reconstruction method is developed, with which the 3D model of a trial wax pattern can be easily constructed. After that, focusing on eliminating the wall-thickness errors of the trial wax pattern, an optimization method for the pose of the ceramic core in the wax pattern is proposed. Then, by mapping the optimal pose of the ceramic core to length adjustments of the locating rods, the wall-thickness errors of the wax pattern can be greatly reduced. A case study is also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed compensation strategy.