振动、冲击环境下支架减振器刚度优化设计

文章在某型号的电子设备支架减振器设计中,综合考虑了振动、冲击两种主要的力学环境.以减振器刚度为设计变量,将刚度的倒数作为目标函数,根据振动、冲击环境设计要求确定了约束条件,建立了减振器刚度优化的数学模型.采用ANSYS作为优化设计的平台,随机振动响应分析采用振型叠加法,冲击响应分析采用Newmark时间积分法,对该问题进行了优化求解,取得了满意的结果,为电子学系统的减振设计提供了依据.     

BBO单晶生长过程中气相包裹体形成的实时观察研究

BBO单晶生长过程中包裹体的出现是影响晶体质量及制约晶体尺寸的一个重要因素.利用高温休伦微分干涉显微技术,实时观察了BBO助溶剂法生长过程中出现的气相包裹体的形成过程.结果表明,包裹体产生于完美晶体内部,并趋向于分布在界面附近,单晶生长过程中台阶的发展将有助于制约气相包裹体的形成和分布.     

Recent Advances in Chinese Meridian Project

To develop an understanding of near-Earth space's response to solar activities and the coupling among different layers in geospace, China has initiated a ground base program to monitor China's geospace environment called the Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project (Chinese Meridian Project). The effort consists of a chain of 15 ground-based observatories located roughly along 120°E longitude and 30°N latitude. Each observatory is equipped with multiple instruments to measure key parameters such as the baseline and time-varying geomagnetic field, as well as the middle and upper atmosphere and ionosphere from about 20 to 1000 kilometers. This project started collecting data in 2012. We will give a brief introduction to the Chinese Meridian Project, and present recent scientific results mainly in ionospheric and atmospheric studies.     

ESA开展GEO上小碎片的调查

文章主要介绍了欧空局开展地球同步轨道(GEO)小碎片的调查情况及相应技术.     

确定无陀螺卫星姿态的二阶非线性滤波算法研究

应用基于二阶泰勒级数近似得到的非线性滤波技术,设计了利用星敏感器矢量观测信息确定无陀螺三轴稳定卫星姿态的二阶非线性滤波算法.结合矢量观测的特点,分别讨论了单矢量观测信息与多矢量观测信息的处理方法,并把QUEST算法作为矢量观测数据压缩技术有效地结合进姿态估计器中,使得多矢量观测情况下的滤波修正算法得到了简化.仿真测试结果证明,二阶非线性姿态估计器的滤波性能要优于传统的扩展卡尔曼滤波姿态估计算法.     

风洞T型冲击三通管道流场特性数值模拟

在24 m跨声速风洞进气管路T型冲击三通连接处和隔板位置,每隔一定时间会出现裂纹,影响了风洞的安全稳定运行。为了解裂纹出现的原因,同时为改进设计提供依据,采用CFD(computational fluid dynamics)对风洞现有三通和优化方案进行了对比。控制方程为三维黏性不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程。结果表明：无隔板时,三通内的流动为最常见的类型,支管内存在3个分离区,在转向过程中形成第1分离区,即马蹄涡;随后是第2分离区,一对反向旋转的旋涡,即Dean涡,及三通顶部壁面形成第3分离区。流场沿y=0 mm和z=0 mm平面基本呈对称分布。有隔板时,流场的左右和上下结构均不对称;在隔板和外侧壁面间的角点形成范围较小的驻涡,在支管内形成不稳定的螺旋状分离涡,致使气流振荡,从而使得三通连接和隔板处管壁出现裂纹。根据上述流态设计了管路优化方案和整流装置,优化后能有效减小或消除分离;其中去掉隔板最简单易行,可以解决裂纹的问题。     

海冰热力模式抛物型分布参数系统区域辨识模型及性质

根据北极海冰的热力学性质,建立了北极海冰热力模式时变区域抛物型分布参数系统及关于雪层与冰层的厚度辨识模型(即最优控制模型),论述了该系统解的存在唯一性及最优控制的必要性条件。     

基于小波包分解和FCM聚类的纹理图像分割方法

提出了一种新的图像特征提取中选取最优小波分解树的方法.塔式小波分解对信号解不够全面,而小波包全分解又引入庞大的计算量,因此小波分解最优树的选取尤为重要.结合模糊c均值(FCM,Fuzzy C-Mean)聚类,提出了一种能同时进行小波自适应分解和纹理特征分类的纹理图像分割方法,该方法将无监督聚类中的聚类有效性参数引入到自适应小波分解的判决中,能根据无监督聚类分割的需要,自适应地选取小波包分解的树形结构和分解层数.相对于小波包全分解,节省了大量的运算,并能取得良好的分割效果.      

两端固定输流管道在脉动内流作用下参数共振的最优控制

采用压电片作为控制执行元件,对两端固定输流管道在脉动流作用下的参数共振进行了最优控制.基于二次型性能指标最优控制原理,针对离散后的运动方程在零平衡点附近Jacobian矩阵的非时变部分设计了最优控制器.最后,通过数值仿真的方法对控制方案的有效性进行了验证.结果表明,该方案对输流管道在第一、第二振型次谐波共振区域及组合共振区域的参数共振的控制均有很好的效果.     

Real-time clock comparison and monitoring with multi-GNSS precise point positioning: GPS,GLONASS and Galileo

The precise point positioning (PPP) technique is widely used in time and frequency applications. Because of the real-time service (RTS) project of the International GNSS Service, we can use the PPP technique for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. As a participant in the RTS, the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) implements the PPPWIZARD (Precise Point Positioning with Integer and Zero-difference Ambiguity Resolution Demonstrator) project to validate carrier phase ambiguity resolution. Unlike the Integer-PPP (IPPP) of the CNES, fixing ambiguities in the post-processing mode, the PPPWIZARD operates in the real-time mode, which is also called real-time IPPP (RT-IPPP). This paper focuses on applying the RT-IPPP for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. We review the principle of real-time clock comparison and monitoring, and introduce the methodology of the RT-IPPP technique. The observations of GPS, GLONASS and Galileo were processed for the experiments. Five processing modes were provided in the experiment to analyze the benefits of ambiguity resolution and multi-GNSS. In the clock comparison experiment, the average reduction ratios of standard deviations with respect to the G PPP mode range from 9.7% to 35.0%. In the clock monitoring experiment, G PPP mode can detect clock jumps whose magnitudes are larger than 0.9 ns. The RT-IPPP technique with GRE PPP AR (G) mode allows for the detection of any clock jumps larger than 0.6 ns. For frequency monitoring, G PPP mode allows detection of frequency changes larger than 1.1 × 10⁻¹⁴. When the RT-IPPP technique is applied, monitoring with GRE PPP AR (G) mode can detect frequency changes larger than 6.1 × 10⁻¹⁵.