姿态角幅值约束下的太阳帆Lissajous轨道保持控制

太阳帆航天器以两姿态角作为轨道控制输入时, 其轨道动力学方程具有非仿射非线性特性. 通过人工平动点处线性化获得的线性系统可完成太阳帆航天器轨道保持控制器的分析与设计. 由于线性近似模型为有误差模型, 存在近似有效范围约束, 表现为轨道高度约束和姿态角幅值约束. 本文研究了姿态角幅值约束对线性近似模型有效性的影响, 通过计算给出满足近似误差要求的姿态角幅值约束. 当控制输入存在幅值约束时, 控制器轨道修正能力受到束缚. 通过研究姿态角幅值约束下的最大允许入轨误差, 设计了最大允许入轨误差下线性二次型调节器(LQR)用于轨道保持控制, 并将控制器应用于太阳帆日地三体系统非线性模型中, 实现了日地人工L₁点Lissajous轨道最大允许入轨误差的控制收敛和良好精度下的轨道保持控制.     

电磁监测试验卫星矢量磁场探测方法

电磁监测试验卫星是中国第一颗近地轨道电磁场科学探测试验卫星, 探测空间背景磁场是其重要任务之一. 空间背景磁场探测需要在卫星平台上对空间矢量磁场进行长期稳定准确探测, 电磁监测试验卫星采用磁通门磁强计和基于CPT效应的绝对磁场校准装置(Coupled Dark State Magnetometer, CDSM)分别探测空间相对矢量磁场以及绝对标量磁场, 通过数据处理, 使最终的矢量磁场探测数据具有准确性. 这种数据处理方法在理想模型下拥有解析解, 实施过程中载荷的噪声、 准确度及稳定性影响模型的准确性, 会产生数据校准误差. 通过对在轨磁场探测的模拟确定了这种数据处理方法的性能, 验证了在载荷设计性能的基础上电磁监测试验卫星的磁场探测可以实现1 nT的准确度.     

Status of the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope Project

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) is China's first astronomical satellite. It will perform a broad band (1-250keV) scan survey and do pointed observations of X-ray sources to study their spectra and multi-wavelength temporal properties. The pre-flight models of the satellites have been finished, and the flight models are in production. The expected launch date of HXMT is in late 2015.     

Science Researches of Chinese Manned Space Flight

With the complete success of the 2nd stage of Chinese Manned Space Program (CMSP), several science researches have been performed on Tiangong-1 experimental spacelab, which was docked with three Shenzhou spaceships one after another. The China's real spacelab, Tiangong-2 will be launched in 2015, docked with a Shenzhou spaceship soon. After six months, it will be docked with the first Chinese cargo ship (Tianzhou-1). More space science researches, involving with space biology, fluid physics, fundamental physics, materials science, Earth science, astronomy and space environmental science, will be operated on Tiangong-2 spacelab, and crewed and cargo spaceships. Furthermore, the considerable large-scale space utilization of Shina's Space Station is planned. The research fields include yet not limited to space medicine and physiology, space life science and biotechnology, fluid physics and combustion in microgravity, space material science, and fundamental physics in microgravity, space astronomy, Earth science, space physics and space environment utilization, technology demonstration.     

一种快速响应型小卫星的自主任务规划设计与应用

浦江一号卫星是由上海航天技术研究院研制的一颗快速响应型小卫星,于2015年9月成功发射,卫星质量347 kg,运行在高度481 km的太阳同步轨道.为高效、高精度识别定位地面大范围广泛而随机分布的电磁辐射目标,浦江一号卫星提出了基于单星电磁信号监测载荷与光学成像载荷综合应用的在轨自主任务规划方案.在轨应用表明:该设计解...     

机场地面容量评估研究

提出基于滑行路径动态寻优的机场地面容量评估方法。对于结构复杂多样的机场地面,当跑道、滑行道和停机位使用情况和航班流变化时,根据机场地面运行的具体特点,首先建立机场地面有向网络模型,引入滑行道的权值概念,再通过D ijkstra算法进行动态路径寻优,并与冲突探测相结合,对滑行道和停机位进行合理分配。最后通过计算机仿真来评估容量。仿真实例表明,该方法不仅可以增强机场地面容量评估的灵活性和准确性,还可以应用于机场地面交通引导。     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体包覆CL-20及对NEPE推进剂性能影响

采用热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,通过水-溶液悬浮法将其包覆于六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20),并对包覆后的CL-20分别进行了XPS、SEM、撞击感度和表面能测试;研究了弹性体包覆CL-20对含CL-20的NEPE推进剂常温力学性能、燃烧性能的影响.研究表明,热塑性弹性体能有效包覆CL-20,在大幅度提高含CL-20的NEPE推进剂常温力学性能并改善"脱湿"的同时,改善高能低特征信号配方燃烧性能,σm最大提高了47%,εm最大提高了184%;燃速压强指数n降低了12%.     

Effect of scavenge port angles on flow distribution and performance of swirl-loop scavenging in 2-stroke aircraft diesel engine

Swirl-Loop Scavenging (SLS) improves the performance of 2-stroke aircraft diesel engine because the involved swirl may not only benefit the scavenging process, but also facilitate the fuel atomization and combustion. The arrangement of scavenge port angles greatly influences in-cylinder flow distribution and swirl intensity, as well as the performance of the SLS engine. However, the mechanism of the effect and visualization experiment are rarely mentioned in the literature. To further investigate the SLS, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiment and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation are adopted to obtain its swirl distribution characteristics, and the effect of port angles on scavenging performance is discussed based on engine fired cycle simulation. The results illustrate that Reynolds Stress Turbulence model is accurate enough for in-cylinder flow simulation. Tangential and axial velocity distribution of the flow, as well as the scavenging performance, are mainly determined by geometric scavenge port angles α_geom and β_geom. For reinforcement of scavenging on cross-sections and meridian planes, α_geom value of 27° and β_geom value of 60° are preferred, under which the scavenging efficiency reaches as high as 73.7%. Excessive swirl intensity has a negative effect on SLS performance, which should be controlled to a proper extent.     

稻城太阳射电望远镜(DSRT)天线遮挡效应仿真

稻城太阳射电望远镜（DSRT）由313面6 m直径抛物面天线组成。天线接收信号幅值和相位的精确修正是决定DSRT成像质量的关键因素。然而DSRT阵列可能会出现邻近天线相互遮挡的问题,从而改变接收信号的幅值和相位,影响其成像质量。利用电磁仿真软件计算了接收频率为300 MHz（波长λ=1 m）时的相邻两单元与相邻三单元两种情况。三元系统中遮挡效应的影响仅比双元系统中相关影响略为显著。在本文考虑的最严重的遮挡情况（天线边缘的投影间距D = –1λ）下,对于双/三元系统,相对于单天线系统水平和垂直增益分别降低了0.6/0.6 dB和 0.3/0.4 dB,相位偏差分别为–3.3º/–3.871º和–1.744º/–2.244º。此外还分析了其他遮挡情况。研究表明DSRT系统中的天线遮挡效应分析可由双元系统充分描述,在后期数据处理时应适当考虑该效应,尽量提升DSRT数据的利用效率和成图质量。     

日侧外磁层ULF波调制EMIC波的MMS观测

磁层多尺度卫星（MMS-1）在日侧06:30 MLT（磁地方时,Magnetic Local Time）外磁层大于2R_e（L 为 7.5~10.1）的范围内观测到多达21个波包的准周期性电磁离子回旋波（EMIC）事件。超低频（ULF）波和能量质子温度各向异性准周期性增强也被同步观测到。频率分析显示,ULF波的周期、质子各向异性周期和EMIC波包的周期非常接近。MMS-4卫星在约1 h后经过附近空间区域,研究发现随着ULF波的幅度减弱,EMIC波包的准周期性也逐渐减弱。研究结果为ULF波在日侧外磁层调制质子各向异性从而产生周期性EMIC波包提供了完整的观测证据链。同时,观测结果进一步证明,这种ULF波调制的EMIC波包能够在大于2R_e的空间尺度内发生,且能够持续存在于几个小时以上的时间尺度。