发散孔结构参数对横向波纹表面气膜绝热冷却效率的影响

针对加力燃烧室特定横向波纹结构的隔热屏发散冷却进行数值模拟,主要研究发散孔孔节距、孔径以及开孔率等3个结构参数对发散冷却效率的影响。结果表明:由于处于波纹波谷的相邻气膜射流更易于形成相干,从而在波谷形成更强的集聚效应,造成波谷附近的绝热壁面温度低于波峰区域;在相同的壁面单位面积冷气用量下,减小孔径、增大开孔率均显著改善气膜冷却效率,尤其是在发散气膜的前排起始段;发散孔流向节距大于展向节距的长菱形排布相对较优,但在小吹风比下发散孔排布节距比对展向平均绝热冷却效率的影响非常微弱。      

纵向波纹隔热屏气膜冷却特性实验

针对加力燃烧室纵向波纹隔热屏气膜冷却效果开展了细致的实验研究,利用红外热像仪测量了隔热屏壁面的温度分布,分析了隔热屏板型、吹风比、开孔率等参数对气膜冷却效率的影响。实验中板型选取了平板和纵向波纹隔热屏,吹风比变化范围是0.5~3.0,开孔率变化范围是1.4%~3.7%。结果表明:相比于平板隔热屏的气膜冷却效率沿程逐渐增加,纵向波纹隔热屏的气膜冷却效率随波纹板的起伏而起伏且大于平板隔热屏;随着吹风比的增加气膜冷却效率逐渐加大,在吹风比为3.0时达到最大值;气膜冷却效率在波峰处低,波谷处高,整体上随波纹板的起伏而波动,吹风比越小,气膜冷却效率随波纹板的起伏变化越明显;高吹风比(吹风比为2.0~3.0)下,气膜冷却效率沿程变化与增幅较为缓慢;整体上,随着开孔率的增加气膜冷却效率逐渐加大,小开孔率(开孔率为1.4%、2.7%)下的气膜冷却效率相差不大,但在次流背风侧,开孔率小的气膜冷却效率要小于开孔率大的气膜冷却效率。      

扩展型面排孔气膜冷却的实验研究

本文设计了三种型面的气膜孔扩展结构,研究了气膜冷却效率、壁面换热系数及流量系数随吹风比的变化规律。研究结果表明,与典型的圆柱形气膜孔相比,有后向扩展型面的气膜孔具有相对较高的冷却效率和换热系数,流量系数略有降低。扩展型面的流向扩展角α对冷却效率和换热系数的影响大于侧向扩展角 的影响。侧向扩展角 只在特定吹风比下才对提高气膜的侧向覆盖率、进而提高气膜冷却效率起作用,它使得位于二次流出流下游的低压区域范围增大,流量系数减小。     

气膜内冷通道高度对气膜孔流量系数的影响

以一种基于旋流增益的强化换热技术为研究对象,对狭小受限的气膜孔内冷通道中气膜孔的流量系数开展了试验研究.试验中通过改变气膜孔雷诺数Re(4800～26000)、吹风比M(0.36～2.74)、无量纲冷却通道高度h/d(0.33～2.0)等参数,研究了狭小空间的几何结构、流动参数等对单排气膜孔平均流量系数Cd的影响,并得...     

气体润滑弹性波箔片轴承动态特性分析

通过摄动方法并结合气体润滑压力控制Reynolds方程和气膜压力、气膜厚度及箔片变形等变量的Taylor展开式,推导出弹性波箔片轴承气膜动力特性系数计算微分方程组.同时,考虑气体可压缩性等因素,建立气膜厚度、箔片变形和气膜压力三者之间关系的数学模型方程组.运用Newton-Raphson迭代法和有限差分法耦合求解气膜动...     

Tear Resistance of Orthogonal Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU Film

This work seeks to investigate the notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of orthogonal Kevlar-plain woven fabric (PWF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) film applied to high altitude balloon. Four types of specimens are implemented to measure notched strength and fracture toughness by conducting static tension and tear tests on an MTS system respectively. The damage and failure mechanisms are discussed and the results for notched strength and tear resistance are evaluated and compared with each other. From the experiments, it is found that the notch sensitivity of the film increases with the increase in the size of the hole, but the notch sensitivity and the stress concentration of the notch are insignificant and there is a decrease of only about 4%-10% in tensile strength for the notched specimens with different hole sizes in diameter compared with the unnotched specimen. In contrast, the tear resistance containing a central slit with only 1 mm length is about half of tensile strength of the unnotched film, which implies that the tear resistance exists an significant notch sensitivity. The results of this study provide an insight into notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of the Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU film and constitute a fundamental basis for the design of high altitude balloon.     

Research into Configuration and Flow of Wall Oil Film in Bearing Chamber Based on Droplet Size Distribution

The lubrication design and heat transfer determination of bearing chambers in aeroengine require a sufficient understanding of the oil droplet-film interaction and physical characteristic in an oil/air two-phase flow state.The analyses of oil droplet movement,mass and momentum transfer during the impingement of droplet/wall,as well as wall oil film thickness and flow velocity are very important for the bearing chamber lubrication and heat transfer calculation.An integrated model in combination with droplet movement,droplet/wall impact and film flow analysis is put forward initially based on the consideration of droplet size distribution.The model makes a contribution to provide more practical and feasible technical approach,which is not only for the study of droplet-film interaction and physical behavior in bearing chambers with oil/air two-phase flow phenomena,but also useful for an insight into the essence of physical course through droplet movement and deposition,film formation and flow.The influences of chamber geometries and operating conditions on droplet deposition mass and momentum transfer,and wall film thickness and velocity distribution are discussed.The feasibility of the method by theoretical analysis is also verified by the existing experimental data.The current work is conducive to expose the physical behavior of wall oil film configuration and flow in bearing chamber,and also significant for bearing chamber lubrication and heat transfer study under oil/air two-phase flow conditions.     

基于云纹干涉与钻孔法的等离子热障涂层残余应力实验研究

应用云纹干涉法与钻孔法结合的光测力学实验方法,研究了等离子热障涂层基体材料镍基高温合金DZ125的残余应力。通过实验和计算获得了等离子喷涂工艺下基体DZ125的残余变形场、残余应变场和残余应力,并描述了其主要特征。结果表明,采用云纹干涉法与钻孔法结合测定热障涂层残余应力具有全场测量和高灵敏度等优点,这对于采用光学手段研究热障涂层残余应力有着积极的意义。     

无通风直升机动力舱火灾温度场数值模拟

采用大涡模拟(LES)技术,针对某型直升机动力舱建立了火灾模型,选择油池火灾作为研究对象,并对火灾场景进行了设计.利用数值模拟的方法研究了不同位置火源动力舱的火灾场,分析了火源位置对火灾热释放速率、速度场和温度场的影响.结果表明:无通风条件下,火源位置的改变影响动力舱火灾的蔓延,并且当火源位于动力舱底部距前防火墙1/4处时,火灾强度较大,对舱内部件的破坏较为严重.因此,在防火设计中应重点对该部位火灾区域进行防范.研究结果可为动力舱灭火系统设计提供参考.      

带密布气膜冷却孔的涡轮叶片等效应力分析方法研究

以带气膜冷却孔的航空燃气涡轮发动机涡轮叶片为研究背景,引入了等效概念对密布小孔结构进行了详细的应力-应变分析。这种等效分析方法是把多孔材料转化为具有等效材料常数的等效实体材料。根据MARC大型通用软件的线弹性及弹-塑性有限元应力分析结果,将小孔效应转化为等效弹性常数及等效应力-应变曲线。最后以某发动机高压涡轮工作叶片为例,将得到的等效材料参数引入到叶片的有限元强度计算中,从而得到考虑密布孔影响的涡轮叶片应力应变场,并通过子模型计算得到更为准确的孔边最大应力。