不同工件超光滑表面残余应力的测试研究

通过对玻璃、陶瓷、金属3个试件进行超精密加工,使试件表面粗糙度达到纳米级,采用非破坏性的X射线衍射sin2ψ法测量原理对不同试件的残余应力进行了测试研究。结果表明:在本试验条件下,3个试件都只存在残余压应力,并且陶瓷的残余压应力最大,金属残余压应力最小。     

玻璃材料非球面的加工方法

着重阐述了现有玻璃材料非球面加工方法,介绍各种方法的加工原理,并给出了各自的优缺点。     

高熔点金属电弧熔射成形

以3Cr13高熔点合金进行电弧熔射实验,总结了电弧熔射成形的工艺过程,解决了存在的技术难题;分析了熔射成形件的微观组织以及熔射层表面粗糙度的影响因素,提出了改善熔射层质量的途径和措施。     

Plasma Niobium Surface Alloying of Pure Titanium and its Oxidation at 900 ℃

A niobium-modified layer on pure titanium surface was obtained by means of double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The modified layer was uniform, continuous, compact and well adhered to the substrate. The niobium composition in the modified layer decreased gradually from the surface to the substrate. The oxidation behavior of the niobium-modified layer was investigated and compared with the untreated surface at 900 ℃ for 100 h. Characterization of the layers was performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The test results show that the oxidation behavior of pure titanium was improved by niobium alloying process. Niobium has a positive influence on the oxidation resistance.     

Effects of Atomic Oxygen Irradiation on Transparent Conductive Oxide Thin Films

作为一种功能薄膜,透明导电氧化物(TCO)薄膜在飞行器的抗原子氧(AO)涂层和太阳能电池领域有着巨大的应用价值。ZnO:Al(ZAO)和In2O3:Sn(ITO)薄膜是目前研究和应用最广泛的TCO。本文对ITO薄膜和ZAO薄膜进行了不同通量的AO辐照。通过对辐照前后样品的X射线衍射、扫描电镜及霍耳效应的表征及测试,研究了AO辐照对这两种TCO薄膜的结构、性能及电学特性的影响。研究表明AO辐照对ZAO薄膜表面有明显的侵蚀作用,但对其结构和导电性能没有明显影响。对于ITO薄膜,随着AO通量的增大,其载流子浓度逐渐下降从而导致了电阻率的提高,电阻率的最大变化达到了21.7%。     

基于响应面法的单元发动机喷注器优化设计

针对某新研单元发动机喷注器热阻优化的问题,采用仿真计算分析研究支架结构参数对支架热阻与结构强度的影响,并基于响应面法(RSM)对喷注器支架进行结构优化设计。计算结果表明:在计算范围内,对支架隔热性能影响最大的是支架高度,其次是支架厚度,最后是支架孔直径。随着支架高度的增加,支架热阻逐渐增大,而支架热阻则随着支架厚度与孔直径的增加而降低。对支架结构等效应力影响最大的是支架孔直径,其次是支架高度,最后是支架厚度,并且随着支架孔直径的增加,支架结构等效应力逐渐增大,而支架最大等效应力随着支架高度和厚度的增加而减小。通过采用响应面法改进后的支架在结构强度满足发动机力学环境的条件下,喷注器热阻得到明显提高。     

Profile error compensation in precision grinding of ellipsoid optical surface

Optical glass elements with the ellipsoidal surface are used in many critical aerospace instruments, such as satellites, telescope and cameras. Their optical performance is mainly affected by profile accuracy and surface quality. In this paper, a rectangular ellipsoid surface is precisely ground on a BK7 optical glass blank by grating scanning grinding path with a three-axis CNC precision surface grinder. A profile error compensation procedure for ellipsoidal grinding is proposed based on the error analysis about the primary error sources in the XY and YZ projection planes during the grinding process. The mathematical prediction models of the wheel arc profile error, the measurement and wear error of the grinding wheel radiuses are established. By applying the proposed error compensation procedure, the profile accuracy of the ellipsoidal surface was improved from 4 μm to 2 μm in the XY plane, and improved from 15 μm to 5 μm in the YZ plane.     

半椭圆表面裂纹张开位移的一种近似法

由于表面裂纹的应力强度因子的精确解很难得到,本文提出了半椭圆表面裂纹的应力强度因子的一种新求解方法,并尝试在欧文近似算法基础上用有限元算法来试解此类问题;研究了不同载荷下表面裂纹应力强度应子与埋藏裂纹应力强度因子比值的变化及与欧文比例系数进行了比较,验证了本文近似算法的有效性,为工程计算提供了参考依据。     

旋转曲面和球面的NURBS表示

本文研究了旋转曲面和球面的ＮＵＲＢＳ表示问题，给出了用ＮＵＲＢＳ曲面表示旋转曲面时，计算其控制顶点和权因子的一般公式。利用球极投影导出了球面片的非退化ＮＵＲＢＳ表示。     

抛物线色散时表面声学激子能量

本文从ｓａｋ提出的表面极化子的哈密顿量出发，采用顾世洧教授所用的方法，考虑到色散效应对表面激子的影响，用微法计算正弦色散时对表面激子能量的影响及表面声学激子和表面极化子间关系。