The effect of neglecting VLBI reference station clock offsets on UT1 estimates

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) allows to monitor universal time (UT1) by conducting regular international experiments. Such dedicated observation networks are equipped with different hardware components, which require different processing strategies when the data are correlated. As the timing units at each stations are usually offset with respect to universal time (UTC) this effect should be considered during correlation processing. Thus, it is investigated how neglecting of these offsets theoretically impacts the estimation of UT1. Three different strategies for the proper handling of the timing offset will be discussed and their advantages/drawbacks will be pointed out. Moreover, it is studied how neglecting of these timing offsets affects UT1 time-series and how such a missing correction can be applied a posteriori. Although the discussed effect is for most of the UT1 experiments smaller than the formal error of the estimates, it is important to consider station clock offsets properly in next-generation VLBI systems, which are expected to improve accuracy of results by about one order of magnitude.     

多径信道下图像的信源信道联合编码调制传输

针对多径衰落信道提出了一种基于小波变换并结合OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)自适应调制的图像传输方法和信源信道联合带宽功率优化分配算法.给出了编码传输方法结构,对有噪信道下基于小波变换的图像编码传输实现和失真估计问题及多误码率OFDM自适应调制比特功率优化分配问题进行了建模和分析,使得信源量化编码与OFDM调制能够方便地结合起来,并进一步得到了相应的信源信道联合优化带宽功率分配方法.仿真和分析表明,该方法实现了多径信道下图像的信源信道联合编码调制传输,编解码复杂度和延迟小,且信源信道联合优化的带宽功率分配可有效提高信道资源利用效率.     

Gram-Schmidt回归及在刀具磨损预报中的应用

多元线性回归是一种应用广泛的统计分析方法.在实际应用中,当自变量集合存在严重多重相关性时,普通最小二乘方法就会失效.为解决这一问题,利用Gram-Schmidt 正交变换,提出一种新的多元线性回归建模方法——Gram-Schmidt回归.该方法可实现多元线性回归中的变量筛选,同时也解决了自变量多重相关条件下的有效建模问题.将该方法应用于机械加工过程中刀具磨损的预报分析,有效地进行了变量筛选,并得到了解释性强同时拟合优度也很高的模型结果.      

铝合金冷挤压工艺的优化

本文介绍了6A02、6063铝合金冷挤压试验过程。通过专门装置测试铝合金冷挤压中不同凹模表面粗糙度、挤压速度、润滑剂、坯料状态的下的挤压力,利用正交试验L9(34)得出最优工艺参数。结果表明冷挤压过程中模具表面并非越光越有利于成形,坯料也要针对不同的挤压材料应选用不同的热处理方法。本实验为铝合金冷挤压提供了可行的实验方法和生产依据。     

高速钻削复合材料的切削力

采用多种硬质合金钻头,在高转速和不同进给速度条件下对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料进行孔加工正交试验,通过研究其轴向力和扭矩以分析刀具条件和切削参数的适应性.结果表明:主轴转速是影响轴向力和扭矩的最主要因素,高转速钻削时轴向力和扭矩都显著减小;减小进给速度也使轴向力和扭矩减小,但其影响小于主轴转速.此外,钻头材质对轴向力和扭矩的影响大于钻头几何形状和进给速度;进给速度对轴向力的影响较大,而钻头几何形状对扭矩的影响较大.     

一种可变弯度叶片式旋流畸变发生器设计技术

为了研究进气旋流畸变对压气机性能和稳定性的影响,设计了一种能够产生典型对涡与整体涡可变弯度叶片式旋流畸变发生器。结合正交仿真试验设计方法,分别以对涡旋流强度为优化目标和以对涡旋流强度、整体涡旋流强度和整体涡总压恢复系数为综合优化目标对旋流畸变发生器的几何参数,包括叶片稠度、叶片数量以及轮毂比等进行气动优化设计,并采用CFD数值模拟仿真研究了旋流畸变发生器生成旋流特征。经过单指标优化分析,旋流畸变发生器生成对涡旋流强度最高可达24.60°,整体涡旋流强度最高可达38.73°。经过多指标综合优化,旋流畸变发生器生成对涡和整体涡的总压恢复系数分别提高了4.26%和3.57%。叶片式旋流畸变发生器设计具有结构简单、操作方便、试验周期短等优点,并具有较好的工程应用性。     

Spaceborne GPS receiver antenna phase center offset and variation estimation for the Shiyan 3 satellite

In determining the orbits of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites using spaceborne GPS, the errors caused by receiver antenna phase center offset (PCO) and phase center variations (PCVs) are gradually becoming a major limiting factor for continued improvements to accuracy. Shiyan 3, a small satellite mission for space technology experimentation and climate exploration, was developed by China and launched on November 5, 2008. The dual-frequency GPS receiver payload delivers 1 Hz data and provides the basis for precise orbit determination within the range of a few centime-ters. The antenna PCO and PCV error characteristics and the principles influencing orbit determi-nation are analyzed. The feasibility of PCO and PCV estimation and compensation in different directions is demonstrated through simulation and in-flight tests. The values of receiver antenna PCO and PCVs for Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and Shiyan 3 satellites are estimated from one month of data. A large and stable antenna PCO error, reaching up to 10.34 cm in the z-direction, is found with the Shiyan 3 satellite. The PCVs on the Shiyan 3 satellite are estimated and reach up to 3.0 cm, which is slightly larger than that of GRACE satellites. Orbit validation clearly improved with independent k-band ranging (KBR) and satellite laser ranging (SLR) measurements. For GRACE satellites, the average root mean square (RMS) of KBR resid-uals improved from 1.01 cm to 0.88 cm. For the Shiyan 3 satellite, the average RMS of SLR resid-uals improved from 4.95 cm to 4.06 cm.     

4116航天润滑油摩擦特性的影响因素

采用球盘试验机测定了4116航天润滑油在不同工况下的摩擦因数,尤其成功实现了高低温环境下的测试.应用正交试验设计方法,研究了滚动速度、滑动速度、最大工作压力和入口油温4个因素对润滑油摩擦特性的影响,并绘出各因素对摩擦因数的影响曲线.研究结果表明:滑动速度和滚动速度对摩擦因数有显著影响,入口油温和最大工作压力对摩擦因数影响不显著.摩擦因数随着滑动速度的增加而增加,但是增加的幅度随滑动速度的增加而逐渐减小;随着滚动速度的增加,摩擦因数迅速减小,当滚速高于20m/s时趋于稳定;入口油温低于0℃时,其对摩擦因数有较大影响;随最大工作压力的增加摩擦因数缓慢增加.      

正交设计遗传算法在固体火箭优化设计中的应用

提出了一种基于正交设计的遗传算法，给出了其在固体火箭优化设计中的一个应用实例。结果表明：对于固体火箭优化设计问题，该算法可有效减少搜索次数，加快收敛速度。