Gravity waves generated by thunderstorms: South-East Asia tropical region study

Gravity waves are recognized as an integral part of earth’s atmosphere which are mainly responsible for energy and momentum distribution among different layers and regions in the atmosphere. Various sources present in land, ocean, and atmosphere such as mountains, convection, jets and fronts etc. are responsible for gravity waves generation. Thunderstorms (deep convection) are one of the major sources of gravity waves in the tropical region, capable of generating waves with a wide range of frequencies and scales and significantly affecting the existing waves. Previous numerical studies have characterised the wave properties that are generated from thunderstorms, but there are no statistically quantified studies. In this paper, we have modelled the relationship between the latent heat generated inside a thunderstorm and the gravity wave properties at the geo-collocated points. Gravity waves are identified over Singapore radiosonde station (with data available until 30?km altitude with 12?h temporal resolution) in the stratosphere using wavelet studies. Based on the GROGRAT ray tracing methods to identify the thunderstorm locations, and RAMS cloud-resolving models simulations to obtain the latent heating of the thunderstorm, a regression analysis is performed using 200 cases of gravity waves. Furthermore, cloud-top momentum flux analysis is performed for various cases latent heat. This study is expected to provide more quantified and concrete information on the coupling between the thunderstorm and gravity wave which includes the variance in these relationships due to wave frequency spectrum and generation mechanisms.     

行星际激波的多方指数

从Ｈｅｌｉｏｓ等６个飞船１９７２年至１９８７年的太阳风观测资料找出９８６个行星际快激波，利用ＭＨＤ Ｒａｎｋｉｎｅ－Ｈｕｇｏｎｉｏｔ方程组分析了激波上下游参数关系，确定出每一个激波的最佳多方指数。结果指出，多方指数有一分布，其最可几值约在１．７０－１．７５之间。     

空间等离子体与垂直无碰撞激波相互作用的数值实验

应用混合模拟方法数值研究了高Ａｌｆｖｅｎ－Ｍａｃｈ数垂直无碰撞激波与等离子体间的相互作用。结果表明，激波上游的磁场非常稳定，粒子分布近似为Ｍａｘｗｅｌｌ分布。激波下游磁场存在不规则的湍动，质子分布有一个高能尾，且有些质子被激波反射。跟踪少量高速质子的计算结果表明，在ｔ＝４０Ωｉ＾－１时约有４０％的质子被激波反射，而７％质子可被加速，最大速度值可达到２０ＶＡ激波区的电场分布对质子的减速或加速起了主要     

用解题法调试某型飞机斜板系统

某型飞机是国家重点工程项目之一 ,该机进气道自动调节系统采用计算机进行结算、调节与控制 ,增加了系统调节精度和可靠性。但在首批飞机的调试中 ,极难实现技术条件的要求 ,且无规律可循。对此 ,我们通过对斜板调节机理的研究实验 ,摸索出了斜板在大小πk 时调节曲线的对比规律 ,设置了调整计算方程 ,可靠地解决了这一难题。     

Magnetospheric and ionospheric manifestations of interplanetary foreshocks

The geometry of a typical interplanetary shock front in the vicinity of the Earth’s orbit predicts that the leading edge of the foreshock region comes into contact with the magnetosphere a few hours ahead of geomagnetic sudden impulses (SI). There is reason to believe that the interaction of the magnetosphere with the foreshock leads to magnetic and ionospheric disturbances, which can be detected by ground-based instruments. We searched for specific precursors of SIs in data from the Scandinavian riometer network and in the short period geomagnetic pulsation data from mid-latitude magnetometers. We found that SIs were preceded by the following three features: (1) an increase in riometric absorption, (2) excitation of Pcl magnetic pulsations and (3) a spectral broadening of the Pc3 magnetic pulsations. Our observations may be useful for the study of acceleration processes in the solar wind. These observations are also of potential forecasting interest.     

吉林陨石（H5）的冲击压缩线及其意义

在二级轻气炮动高压装置上运用电探针技术测量了具有H群球粒陨石典型代表性的吉林陨石冲击压缩线。当冲击压力>～70GPa时,吉林陨石发生相变,其高压相零压密度为4.425g/cm~3,硅酸盐部分高压相零压密度为4.068g/cm~3。吉林陨石冲击压缩性质的研究结果与地球形成的星子堆积模型(IAB铁陨石+H群球粒陨石)一致。此外,根据陨石或其类似物的冲击压缩线,用阻抗匹配原理计算了主要类型陨石中重要冲击特征形成的最小碰撞速度,揭示了陨石冲击效应形成的动力学条件与空间环境。     

Dissipative Solitary Kinetic Alfvén Waves and Electron Acceleration in the Solar Corona

Nonthermal electrons play a major role during solar flares since not only they contain a large amount of the released energy but also they provide important information of the flaring physics through their nonthermal radiation in radio and hard X-ray bands. In a recent work Wu (Phys. Plasmas 10 (2003) 1364) proposed that dissipative solitary kinetic Alfvén wave (DSKAW) with a local shock-like structure could provide an efficient acceleration mechanism for energetic electrons in a low-β plasma. In the present paper dynamical characteristics of the DSKAW acceleration mechanism in solar coronal plasmas are studied and its application to the acceleration of flaring electrons is discussed.     

用电荷耦合器件测量激波辐射

用电荷耦合器件作摄谱探头，进行激波辐射的测量，解决了测量中遇到的同步问题。测量结果与一米光栅摄谱仪的记录干板比较，效果良好。     

用激波-边界层被动控制降低运载火箭的脉动压力

一个箭头模型的跨声速风洞实验表明,用激波-边界层被动控制来降低运载火箭头部的脉动压力能获得明显的效果,自由流 M 数为0.87～0.88时,可使脉动压力系数△C_p%的最大值下降50～60%。实验得出了激波下方开孔表面的开孔率变化对脉动压力系数的影响规律:随着开孔率的加大,起初脉动压力系数的下降十分明显,后来△C_p%趋近一个极限值。结果还表明,在激波前采用45°前倾斜孔,在激波后采用直孔的开孔分布比全部采用直孔分布能获得更好的降低脉动压力的效果。所拍摄的纹影照片清楚地显示了采用激波-边界层被动控制后模型表面激波状态的变化。     

激波过弯道绕流流场(英文)

为了研究微波过弯道的传播，气动中心设计了微波过弯道的实验装置，它很容易拆卸并组成带10°发散的弯道、短形弯道和带各种角度的二元喷嘴。实验所得到的若干照片，对于研究激波反射、绕射与边界的相互作用和对数值模拟的验证是很有用的。