数字化技术在叶轮研制中的应用

本文通过分析归纳建立了一种叶轮数字化建模方法，并利用该方法成功实现了某型叶轮三维模型创建，同时也根据该数字化模型实现了模具数字化设计及其数控加工。     

Geometric error analysis of an over-constrained parallel tracking mechanism using the screw theory

This paper deals with geometric error modeling and sensitivity analysis of an overconstrained parallel tracking mechanism. The main contribution is the consideration of overconstrained features that are usually ignored in previous research. The reciprocal property between a motion and a force is applied to tackle this problem in the framework of the screw theory. First of all, a nominal kinematic model of the parallel tracking mechanism is formulated. On this basis, the actual twist of the moving platform is computed through the superposition of the joint twist and geometric errors. The actuation and constrained wrenches of each limb are applied to exclude the joint displacement. After eliminating repeated errors brought by the multiplication of wrenches, a geometric error model of the parallel tracking mechanism is built. Furthermore,two sensitivity indices are defined to select essential geometric errors for future kinematic calibration. Finally, the geometric error model with minimum geometric errors is verified by simulation with SolidWorks software. Two typical poses of the parallel tracking mechanism are selected, and the differences between simulation and calculation results are very small. The results confirm the correctness and accuracy of the geometric error modeling method for over-constrained parallel mechanisms.     

A data-driven approach to modeling high-density terminal areas: A scenario analysis of the new Beijing,China airspace

Airports are being developed and expanded rapidly in China to accommodate and pro-mote a growing aviation market. The future Beijing Daxing International Airport (DAX) will serve as the central airport of the JingJinJi megaregion, knitting the Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei regions together. DAX will be a busy airport from its inception, relieving congestion and accommodating growth from Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK), currently the second busiest airport in the world in passengers moved. We aim to model terminal airspace designs and possible conflicts in the future Beijing Multi-Airport System (MAS). We investigate standard arrival procedures and mathematically model current and future arrival trajectories into PEK and DAX by collecting large quantities of publicly available track data from historical arrivals operating within the Beijing terminal airspace. We find that (1) trajectory models constructed from real data capture aberrations and deviations from standard arrival procedures, validating the need to incorporate data on histor-ical trajectories with standard procedures when evaluating the airspace and (2) given all existing constraints, DAX may be restricted to using north and east arrival flows, constraining the capacity required to handle the increases in air traffic demand to Beijing. The results indicate that the termi-nal airspace above Beijing, and the future JingJinJi region, requires careful consideration if the full capacity benefits of the two major airports are to be realized.     

Nonlinear dynamic modeling of a helicopter planetary gear train for carrier plate crack fault diagnosis

Planetary gear train plays a significant role in a helicopter operation and its health is of great importance for the flight safety of the helicopter. This paper investigates the effects of a planet carrier plate crack on the dynamic characteristics of a planetary gear train, and thus finds an effec-tive method to diagnose crack fault. A dynamic model is developed to analyze the torsional vibra-tion of a planetary gear train with a cracked planet carrier plate. The model takes into consideration nonlinear factors such as the time-varying meshing stiffness, gear backlash and viscous damping. Investigation of the deformation of the cracked carrier plate under static stress is performed in order to simulate the dynamic effects of the planet carrier crack on the angular displacement of car-rier posts. Validation shows good accuracy of the developed dynamic model in predicting dynamic characteristics of a planetary gear train. Fault features extracted from predictions of the model reveal the correspondence between vibration characteristic and the conditions (length and position) of a planet carrier crack clearly.     

Advances and trends in plastic forming technologies for welded tubes

With the implementation of environmental protection, sustainable development and conservation-oriented policies, components and parts of thin-walled welded tubes have gained increasing application in the aircraft and automotive industries because of their advantages: easily achieving forming and manufacturing process at low cost and in a short time. The current research on welded tube plastic forming is mainly concentrated on tube internal high-pressure forming, tube bending forming, and tube spinning forming. The focuses are on the material properties and characterization of welded tubes, finite element modeling for welded tube forming, and inhomogeneous deformation behavior and the mechanism and rules of deformation coordination in welded tube plastic forming. This paper summarizes the research progress in welded tube plastic forming from these aspects. Finally, with a focus on the urgent demand of the aviation, aerospace and automotive industries for high-strength and light-weight tubes, this paper discusses the development trends and challenges in the theory and technology of welded tube plastic forming in the future. Among them,laser tailor-welded technology will find application in the manufacture of high-strength steel tubes.Tube-end forming technology, such as tube flaring and flanging technology, will expand its application in welded tubes. Therefore, future studies will focus on the FE modeling regarding how to consider effects of welding on residual stresses, welding distortions and microstructure, the inhomogeneous deformation and coordination mechanism of the plastic forming process of tailor-welded tubes, and some end-forming processes of welded tubes, and more comprehensive research on the forming mechanism and limit of welded tubes.     

金属弹簧管性能影响因素的仿真分析

为了研究高温密封组件金属弹簧性能,本文通过对波音公司编网状弹簧管结构和Streck心脏支架结构的研究,建立了编织弹簧的几何拓扑构型和数学模型,推导了弹簧直径计算公式。采用AUTODESK3D-MAX构建了编织弹簧的仿真模型,用ANSYS仿真软件分别从编织丝直径、编织密度以及编织方法 3方面探究不同测试对弹簧性能的影响。结果表明,增加弹簧丝直径、降低弹簧管轴向方向的编织密度、提高圆周方向的编织密度、向外的弹簧管编织方式可有效提高弹簧管的回弹性能。     

舰载直升机理论风限图飞行模拟获取方法

获取舰载直升机实用风限图,仅依靠实装飞行试验或建模仿真都是非常困难的。通过起降飞行模拟试验获取理论风限图,结合少量的海上实装飞行验证试验是一种综合较优的方法。起降飞行模拟试验需要真实飞行员和高等级飞行模拟器参与,飞行模拟器中的母舰气流场数据、母舰运动可由建模仿真或试验测试得到,且必须考虑母舰气流场的非定场特性;只有当飞行员视景或视觉反馈受限时(如能见度降低时),飞行模拟器基座的六自由度运动才是必需的;用DIPES或Bedford方法量化飞行员主观操纵负担,结合记录的客观操纵数据,评判起降难度;典型的飞行模拟试验程序包含了不同风况下的进近和甲板着舰,通常每隔15°和5kn一个风况。通过起降飞行模拟试验得到的理论风限图,可以更加有效和安全地指导海上实装飞行验证试验,最终获得实用风限图。     

飞行模拟器中的虚拟声音建模与实时渲染技术

虚拟声音的建模与渲染是飞行模拟器虚拟环境仿真中的关键技术,结合物理、心理、建筑、室内声学以及数字音响艺术等多门学科,提出适用于分布式飞行模拟器虚拟仿真系统的离线综合声音建模与动态均衡渲染算法,经过数字压限器、扩展器以及激励器等环节,将大规模音频数据根据虚拟权重进行离线重构;运用五段等响折线法,并结合心理声学构建了基于大规模音源的动态压缩比算法;结合座舱虚拟环境的等效吸声系数算法和混响时间算法;综合功率谱密度函数与特性共振峰,总结出与一系列状态量对应的幅频特性,应用前馈(BP)网络算法对数字均衡器进行实时调参,实现了发动机推力噪声的动态数字音频实时渲染;并基于Direct Sound的音频特效程序接口开发了一套基于高层体系结构(HLA)的分布式飞行模拟器实时音效系统,仿真结果验证了声音建模与渲染算法的有效性。     

飞机蒙皮铆接过程中阻尼减振降噪方法探讨

针对铆接工作过程中振动和噪声过大影响工作人员身体健康以及装配质量等严峻问题,介绍了阻尼减振降噪技术,探讨了铆接过程中阻尼减振降噪的可行性技术,并简要的介绍了国内外在这一方面的研究成果。最后,认为利用建模仿真模拟来优化阻尼结构的设计和开发以及确定阻尼敷设的最优位置等。并总结出如何设计阻尼器以及设计一款合适的阻尼器所必需具备的几个特性。     

航空发动机组件化建模技术

提出了使用组件化开发通用航空发动机仿真平台的思想:从发动机结构的角度将发动机模型分解成多个组件;从软件功能的角度将仿真软件的辅助部分也分解成多个组件.在此基础上开发了涡扇发动机的仿真平台,取得了良好的效果.所建立的仿真系统实现了模块化、层次化,易于维护和改进,可扩展性强,提高了代码重用率,体现了该框架的灵活性.