自适应的光纤布拉格光栅图像寻峰算法

根据实际光谱特征, 提出了自适应的光纤布拉格光栅图像寻峰算法。针对 不同环境物理场及噪声分布下的光栅谱型,该算法能自动检测光谱的带宽和信噪比,自 适应地调整算法的高斯模板带宽大小,提高谱型匹配及滤波效果,从而提高寻峰精度。 将该算法与高斯拟合法、质心法进行对比,分析了其在不同噪声大小及非均匀温度场分 布下光纤布拉格光栅反射光谱的寻峰精度。理论仿真及实际寻峰结果表明,该寻峰算法 具有较强的抗噪能力及谱型适应性,较质心法、高斯拟合法具有显著优势。     

靶场偏振成像技术应用

偏振成像技术不仅能获取目标的辐射强度信息,还能获取到偏振信息,有助于复杂环境下目标的探测识别.靶场现有光电设备主要采用强度探测,通过目标-环境差别来区分目标,因此,在复杂环境下,目标容易湮没在背景中难以探测.通过分析偏振成像原理和技术特点,总结归纳国外在偏振成像方面的试验应用,阐述了偏振成像在靶场应用的前景和优势,提出了一种基于偏振成像的光学成像系统,并对现有设备提出了偏振化改造方案.通过利用目标、环境的偏振特性,利用强度+偏振的组合模式,可提升现有设备的目标探测和成像识别能力.最后,对偏振技术应用和发展进行了展望.     

Evaluation of conflict-resolution policies on controller taskload

In an effort to maintain safety while satisfying growing air traffic demand, air navigation service providers are considering the inclusion of advisory systems to identify potential conflicts and propose resolution commands for the air traffic controller to verify and issue to aircraft. To understand the potential workload implications of introducing advisory conflict-detection and resolution tools, this paper examines a metric of controller taskload: how many resolution commands an air traffic controller issues under the guidance of an advisory system. Through a simulation study, the research presented here evaluates how the underlying protocol of a conflict-resolution tool affects the controller taskload (system demands) associated with the conflict-resolution process, and implicitly the controller workload (physical and psychological demands). Ultimately, evidence indicates that there is significant flexibility in the design of conflict-resolution algorithms supporting an advisory system.     

Two-Dimensional Modal Curvature for Damage Detection in Plates

Mode shape has become a hotspot of vibration-based damage detection in plates.Two-dimensional(2D)modal curvature(MC2D),derived from mode shapes,is a prevailing physical quantity used to indicate damage.Unfortunately,the physical mechanism of MC2 Dfor characterizing damage in plates has not been clarified to date.In contrast,one-dimensional(1D)modal curvature(MC1D)has explicit physical mechanism to portray damage in beams.Unresolved physical mechanism of MC2 Dseverely hampers its applications for damage identification in plates.To address this deficiency,the clarification mechanism of MC2 Dis investigated to identify damage.With the clarified mechanism,numerical and experimental cases are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of MC2 Din detecting damage in plates.     

Detection of volcanic gases and particles by satellite

In this paper the detection of components of volcanic eruption has been carried out investigating, in appropriate bands of the electromagnetic spectrum (6.25, 8.7, 10.8, 12 μm), the values of the brightness temperature. The analysis has been performed in the Thermal Infrared Region (TIR) studying both the absorption–emission and scattering phenomena related to the interactions between electromagnetic radiation and volcanic emissions. The results have been achieved by means of a combined use of numerical simulations, devoted to examining the behaviour of the atmosphere gases and volcanic components, and remotely sensed satellite images. The proposed methodologies allow an estimate of the amount of gaseous and solid components, of the size of the emitted particles, of the height of the volcanic plume and of the distance of the volcanic components from the crater. The processed images come from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) sensor on board the geo-stationary satellite Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) and take into consideration an eruption of the Etna volcano as a study case (1st of April 2012, 04:30 and 05:30 UTC). The procedures are general and may therefore be extended to any other similar case.     

A study on cycle slip detection and correction in case of ionospheric scintillation

This research is aiming for cycle slip detection and correction in case of ionospheric scintillation. Different from the normally discussed situation without ionospheric scintillation, ionospheric delay cannot be neglected due to abrupt ionosphere change. In this case, ionosphere-free testing quantities for cycle slip detection and correction have to be used.     

Status and perspectives of indirect and direct dark matter searches

In this review article the current status of particle dark matter is addressed. We discuss the main theoretical extensions of the standard model which allow to explain dark matter in terms of a (yet undiscovered) elementary particle. We then discuss the theoretical predictions for the searches of particle dark matter: direct detection in low-background underground experiments and indirect detection of neutrinos, gamma-rays and antimatter with terrestrial and space-borne detectors. Attention will be placed also on the discussion of the uncertainties, mainly of astrophysical origin, which affect the theoretical predictions. The constraints placed by these searches on the extensions of the standard models will be briefly addressed.     

High resolution limb observations of clouds by the CRISTA-NF experiment during the SCOUT-O3 tropical aircraft campaign

The Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere – New Frontiers (CRISTA-NF) experiment on board the Russian research aircraft Geophysica measures limb emission spectra with an unprecedented vertical and horizontal resolution in the 4–15 μm wavelength region. The IR spectra measured during the SCOUT-O3 Tropical Aircraft Campaign have been analysed with respect of cloud occurrence, cloud vertical and horizontal extent, cloud spatial structures and their utilisation for trace gas retrievals. In addition indicators for ice water content and optical thickness of the clouds have been adopted. These new kinds of measurements in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere region are especially valuable for the design and development of future space borne high resolution limb sounders.     

多功能大气探测激光雷达应用

激光雷达具有高的时间和空间分辨率、优越的方向性和相干性、高的探测精度和实时快速的数据获取能力，已经被广泛应用于大气探测、环境监测等领域。随着技术的发展，大气探测激光雷达由最初的单波长、单功能朝着多波长、多功能方向发展，技术更加成熟，操作更加方便。本文将介绍大气探测激光雷达的基本原理，及其在探测大气气溶胶和云、水汽、温度、污染物和大气边界层高度等方面的数据应用。最后，对多波长多功能大气探测激光雷达的数据应用发展进行了总结和展望。     

合成孔径激光雷达研究

合成孔径激光雷达是目前国内外研究的热点。文中讨论了SAL的概念和原理,建立了SAL回波信号模型,研究了RD算法的处理流程,并进行了机载SAL点目标和分布目标成像的模拟仿真。仿真结果表明,SAL具有较高的分辨能力。此外,文中还提出了在军事上利用SAL和SAR联合检测军事目标的方法。