天空飞行与地面风洞实验动态气动相关性研究

寻找天空飞行与地面风洞实验(及数值模拟)动态气动力不一致的因素是人们非常关心的课题,近10余年来,在3个动态气动专题领域内,空中飞行器动态气动特性与风洞自由飞实验结果多次的一致性,验证了一个新的命题:运动动力学(及运动自由度)模拟相似是天空飞行与地面风洞实验动态气动相关中的一个重要因素.     

Analytical method of nonlinear coupled constitutive relations for rarefied non-equilibrium flows

It is well known that Navier-Stokes equations are not valid for those high-Knudsen and high-Mach flows, in which the local thermodynamically non-equilibrium effects are dominant. To extend the non-equilibrium describing the ability of macroscopic equations, Nonlinear Coupled Constitutive Relation (NCCR) model was developed from Eu’s generalized hydrodynamic equations to substitute linear Newton’s law of viscosity and Fourier’s law of heat conduction in conservation laws. In the NCCR model, how to solve the decomposed constitutive equations with reasonable computational cost is a key ingredient of this scheme. In this paper, an analytic method is proposed firstly. Compared to the iterative procedure in the conventional NCCR model, the analytic method not only obtains exact roots of the decomposed constitutive polynomials, but also preserves the nonlinear constitutive relations in the original framework of NCCR methods. Numerical tests to assess the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method are conducted for argon shock structures, Couette flows, two-dimensional hypersonic flows over a cylinder and three-dimensional supersonic flows over a three-dimensional sphere. These superior advantages of the current method are expected to render itself a powerful tool for simulating the hypersonic rarefied flows and microscale flows of high Knudsen number for engineering applications.     

Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.     

基于DFT的布林线视角下的信号异常值检测方法

针对装备健康管理中关键部件常出现状态异常、性能退化问题,提出了1种兼顾时域统计性和频域周期性的信号数据异常值检测方法.在频域上,通过离散傅里叶变换(Discrete Fourier Transform,DFT)进行频谱分析,根据幅值大的低频谐波的周期选择布林线的计算周期;在时域上,根据不同的置信度,利用移动平均值和标准...