变结构制导规律及其实现

由于变结构控制的滑动模态具有完全的自适应性,不必全面研究系统的各种摄动及外干扰,只需根据高速度大机动目标的特点,对其实现自适应,将各种干扰及偏差的影响归人有关增益系数上加以考虑。应用变结构滑膜控制理论,推导了出一种适用于拦截高速大机动目标的空间制导规律,该制导规律能将系统引向滑动面并保持在其上运动。算例仿真证明,变结构项保证了对目标机动的鲁棒性,简单易行利于工程实现。     

基于遗传算法的凸多边形区域航迹规划

提出了基于遗传算法的凸多边形区域航迹规划方法,针对飞行器转弯角和边界限制的航迹约束条件,改进了航迹编码方式,采用了基于方向编码的回溯方法生成航迹;同时改进了遗传算法的交叉算子和变异算子。仿真结果表明,该方法能快速有效地完成飞行器航迹规划任务,获得符合适应度要求的优化航迹。     

“订单式”人才培养模式探究

订单式教学模式是高职教育发展的需要,是高职教育教学模式改革的方向。介绍两种订单式教学模式的形式,探讨了订单式教学模式运行中存在的主要问题及解决办法,以期对订单式人才培养的全方位开展发挥一定的参考作用。     

基于整数规划的终端区空域扇区划分研究

扇区划分是终端区空域规划的研究内容之一,划分后能覆盖不均匀的交通分布,缓解需求与容量的不平衡,从而提高空域系统的运行效率。将终端区扇区划分作为一个整数规划问题,在约束条件中考虑了间隔规则、飞行路径需求和机场跑道结构的几何约束等,根据最优解来生成终端区扇区。以某终端区算例,验证了整数规划模型的可行性。     

Monitoring of rice cropping intensity in the upper Mekong Delta,Vietnam using time-series MODIS data

Information on rice growing areas is important for policymakers to devise agricultural plans. This research explores the monitoring of rice cropping intensity in the upper Mekong Delta, Vietnam (from 2001 to 2007) using time-series MODIS NDVI 250-m data. Data processing includes three steps: (1) noise is filtered from the time-series NDVI data using empirical mode decomposition (EMD); (2) endmembers are extracted from the filtered time-series data and trained in a linear mixture model (LMM) for classification of rice cropping systems; and (3) classification results are verified by comparing them with the ground-truth and statistical data. The results indicate that EMD is a good filter for noise removal from the time-series data. The classification results confirm the validity of LMM, giving an overall accuracy of 90.1% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.7. The lowest producer and user accuracies were associated with single crop rain-fed rice class due to the mixed pixel problems. A strong yearly correlation at the district level was revealed in the MODIS-derived areas (R² ? 0.9). Investigation of interannual changes in rice cropping intensity from 2001 to 2007 showed a remarkable conversion from double to triple crop irrigated rice from 2001 to 2003, especially in the Thoai Son and Phu Tan districts. A big conversion from triple crop rice back to double crop rice cultivation was also observed in Phu Tan from 2005 to 2006. These changes were verified by visual interpretation of Landsat images and examination of NDVI profiles.     

Detached-eddy simulation of supersonic flow past a spike-tipped blunt nose

Space vehicle in atmosphere travels mostly at supersonic speed and generates a very strong bow shockwave around its blunt nose. Oblique shock and conical separated flow zone generated by a forward disk-tip spike significantly reduce the drag by reducing the high pressure area on the blunt nose. This study employs improved delayed detached eddy simulation to investigate the characteristic flow structures around a spike-tipped blunt nose at Mach number of 3 and Reynolds number(based on the blunt-body diameter) of 2.72x10~8. The calculated time-averaged quantities agree well with experimental data. Characteristic frequencies in different flow regions are extracted using fast Fourier transform. It is found that two distinct instability modes exist: oscillation mode and pulsation mode. The former is related to the foreshock/turbulence interaction with nondimensional frequency at around 0.004. The latter corresponds to the interaction between turbulence and shock structures around the blunt nose, with a typical coherent structure shedding frequency at 0.092.     

谐振式陀螺全角模式误差来源与接口技术

全角模式是谐振式陀螺的新型接口技术，具有直接测量角度、动态范围大的优点，但其对陀螺元器件对称性要求极高的缺点限制了它的实际应用。首先，从谐振式陀螺全角模式的原理出发，讨论了各种不理想因素对全角模式运行造成的问题。然后，从器件设计和控制系统两方面出发，讨论了可行的技术路线。最后，通过数值仿真的方法证明了理论分析的正确性，并给出了谐振式陀螺的选型和控制系统的建议。     

基于离散伴随方程的三维雷达散射截面几何敏感度计算

针对有限差分法计算雷达散射截面（RCS）梯度效率低，采用高精度雷达散射截面评估时计算代价高的问题，提出了一种基于麦克斯韦积分方程离散伴随方程的RCS梯度高效计算方法。基于伴随方程的梯度计算可以通过一次雷达散射截面求解、一次伴随方程求解获得RCS关于所有设计变量的梯度。其中麦克斯韦积分方程离散伴随方程的形式与原方程基本一致，可以采用矩量法（MOM）及多层快速多极子算法（MLFMA）求解。伴随方程求解计算量与直接雷达散射截面评估基本一致，存储量在直接雷达散射截面评估的基础上增加不明显。通过双椎体模型、导弹模型对基于矩量法、多层快速多极子算法的伴随梯度进行验证，证明了基于伴随方法的RCS梯度计算可以实现复杂外形中RCS梯度的高效、高精度求解，为基于梯度的高精度气动/隐身一体化优化提供了基础。     

多旋翼飞行器的可控度分析

基于George Klein等提出的可控度近似计算方法,对多旋翼的可控度数值进行求解以用于判断飞行器系统控制的难易程度。首先观察了分析变距四旋翼在一个舵机损坏和一个电机停转2种故障状态以及正常飞行状态的可控度变化。随后分别对变距和定桨距的四、六、八旋翼进行可控度比对分析,研究发现系统可控性的程度与旋翼的数量呈正相关。最后将可控度的概念运用于2种油电混合六旋翼飞行器,与常规电动定桨距六旋翼作对照,研究表明采用合适的构型能显著提高可控度。     

Modeling and attitude control of CubeSat utilizing moving mass actuators

Any vehicle propelled by solid rocket motors (SRMs) must include an attitude control system capable of dealing with the torque generated by thrust misalignment. In order to expand the application of SRMs on CubeSats, an attitude control system utilizing moving mass actuators is discussed. The present research develops an eight-degree-of-freedom simulation model of a 2U CubeSat with two moving mass actuators. That model also considers the influence of propellant combustion processes. By analyzing the model disturbance source and systematic coupling, the key layout parameters are designed and a simplified control model is proposed. The controller is derived based on a combination of backstepping and sliding mode techniques. An orbit maneuver from 300 km circular orbit to 300 and 500 km elliptical orbit using this attitude control system is verified.