跨声速轴流压气机的失速发展机理

为了研究跨声速轴流压气机由近失速工况发展为失速工况的动态演化机理,对跨声速轴流压气机转子NASA Rotor 37进行了多通道全三维数值模拟,着重分析了激波及前缘溢流对失速发展的影响。结果显示:在峰值效率工况下,叶片通道内存在一道斜激波;在失速工况下,斜激波演化为脱体激波。泄漏涡通过脱体激波后发生破碎,破碎的泄漏涡在向通道下游发展的过程中,受逆压梯度的影响,在通道中部形成一个明显的涡结构。在失速工况初期,由于泄漏涡的自维持现象,前缘溢流现象随着叶顶阻塞区的周期性发展而间歇性出现;随着流量的降低,通道阻塞程度逐渐增加,会出现前缘溢流一直存在的现象,这一特性可以作为流场开始急剧恶化的标志。     

A self-similar solution of a curved shock wave and its time-dependent force variation for a starting flat plate airfoil in supersonic flow

The problem of aeroelasticity and maneuvering of command surface and gust wing interaction involves a starting flow period which can be seen as the flow of an airfoil attaining suddenly an angle of attack. In the linear or nonlinear case, compressive Mach or shock waves are generated on the windward side and expansive Mach or rarefaction waves are generated on the leeward side. On each side, these waves are composed of an oblique steady state wave, a vertically-moving one-dimensional unsteady wave, and a secondary wave resulting from the interaction between the steady and unsteady ones. An analytical solution in the secondary wave has been obtained by Heaslet and Lomax in the linear case, and this linear solution has been borrowed to give an approximate solution by Bai and Wu for the nonlinear case. The structure of the secondary shock wave and the appearance of various force stages are two issues not yet considered in previous studies and has been studied in the present paper. A self-similar solution is obtained for the secondary shock wave, and the reason to have an initial force plateau as observed numerically is identified. Moreover, six theoretical characteristic time scales for pressure load variation are determined which explain the slope changes of the time-dependent force curve.     

Experimental study of a controlled variable double-baffle distortion generator engine test rig

In order to explore the total-pressure distortion test assessment method for a turbofan engine, a Controlled Variable Double-Baffle Distortion Generator(CVDBDG) with a horizontal symmetry moving form was developed, which can adjust the steady-state and time–variant distortion separately in real time. The inlet total-pressure distortion test was conducted on an afterburner turbofan engine. The distortion parameters of CVDBDG and the instability characteristics of the engine were measured. The experimental data were modeled and analyzed by using back propagation artificial neural networks, and the work envelope of CVDBDG was obtained. Based on the analysis of the data on the engine's instability, the properties of CVDBDG used for the stability assessment were preliminarily evaluated. The results show that CVDBDG can simulate both steady-state and time–variant distortions simultaneously in a range determined by three envelopes.Under the condition of symmetric double baffles, a critical depth of insertion exists, beyond which the symmetric baffles will generate an asymmetric flow field. In the case of double baffles, compared to a single baffle, the engine exhibited different instability characteristics. Based on CVDBDG, it is expected that more efficient engine stability and durability assessment methods can be developed.     

通道参数对再生冷却通道流动换热的影响

应用RSM模型对冷却通道的流动与换热进行了三维数值模拟,冷却剂为气氢,考虑其物性随温度和压力的变化.所得结果表明:增加壁面粗糙度使冷却剂换热强化,但会增加流阻损失;在突扩突缩区域会出现旋涡,旋涡使局部流阻损失加大且使湍流加强,壁温在旋涡出现处降低;冷却通道内的流动发展不受入口湍流强度的影响;冷却剂离心力引发径向平面内的二次流动,二次流引起的冷却剂质量重新分布使传热在凹曲率段强化,凸曲率段恶化.      

民机翼身整流影响分析与设计研究

针对某民机翼身组合体进行了翼身整流设计,以减弱机翼机身附面层之间的相互干扰,消除翼身结合处气流的分离,改善该民机的阻力性能。将翼身整流的多种设计方案(不同类型,不同安装位置,不同的几何尺寸等)配置到某民机翼身组合体模型上,用CFD方法对其流场进行粘性绕流数值模拟并对结果进行优化分析,得到了针对该民机减阻效果较好的翼身整流设计方案。     

Numerical investigation of effect of a centrifugal boost impeller on suction performance of an aircraft hydraulic pump

An integrated boost impeller can effectively improve the suction performance of an aircraft hydraulic pump (AHP). It must be designed very carefully; however, few studies thus far have investigated boost impellers. To explore the effect of the boost impeller, this study developed a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for an AHP based on the k-ε turbulence model and full cavitation model. The results of verification tests demonstrated that the model is reliable for simulating the delivery characteristics of piston pumps and the boost capacity of the inlet impeller. Steady-state simulations reveal that the boost impeller can remarkably improve the suction performance and mitigate the cavitation damage due to insufficient fluid filling while only consuming a small proportion of the total input power. Transient-state simulations show that the pump with an impeller is more capable of catching up with a sudden increase in flow demand, and it has a lower suction flow ripple and impact. However, such a boost impeller also has some limitations such as magnifying the suction pressure fluctuation and having little effect on mitigating the cavitation caused by the back-flow jet.     

A new accelerating technique for low speed flow: pseudo high speed method

This paper proposes a new accelerating technique for simulating low speed flows, termed as pSeudo High Speed method (SHS), which uses governing equations and numerical methods of compressible flows. SHS method has advantages of simple formula, easy manipulation, and only need to modify flux of Euler equations. It can directly employ the existing well-developed schemes of hyperbolic conservation laws. To verify the technique, several numerical experiments are performed, such as: flow past airfoils and flow past a cylinder. Analysis of SHS method and comparisons with some precondition methods are made numerically. All tests show that SHS method can greatly improve the efficiency of compressible method simulating low speed flow fields, which exhibits in accelerating the convergence rate and increasing the accuracy of the numerical results.     

叶栅绕流计算的高分辨率隐式解法

以一种性能优越的高分辨率格式为基础, 发展了其隐式解法, 提出并实现了与这种格式相适应的隐式边界处理过程, 从而显着提高了高分辨率格式的收敛速度。用不同来流条件下叶栅绕流数组计算结果与实验做了对比, 以说明解的准确程度和本文算法的效果。      

跨音叶栅流动的多级有限元分析

将各向异性张力有限单元和Taylor-Galerkin有限元法在多级有限元法的思想下结合起来, 构成了收敛速度和稳定性均较好的适用于跨音流动计算的各向异性多级有限元法。利用这一方法, 基于Euler方程, 研究了平面跨音速叶栅流动, 并与实验结果作了比较。结果表明, 本方法是跨音速计算的强有力手段。      

压气机不同状态下转子出口三维紊流流场

用单斜热丝、圆柱单孔高频压力探针等手段,详细测量了单级压气机转子出口的三维紊流流场,揭示压气机在不同流量状态下转子出口的流动结构和紊流特性。